1. Reproduction

2. Eggs & Sperm are made in Gonads
Female Gonad - Ovaries
Male Gonad - Testes
Sperm and Eggs are haploid-
that means they have half the
Number of chromosomes (add that)

3. Step 1: When an egg is fertilized by a sperm, it is called a zygote.= +
ZYGOTE
n= half of the amount
of genetic material

4. Step 2: Zygote Divides Zygote divides by mitosis
The repeated mitotic cell division is called Cleavage.
Zygote divides into 2, 4, & then 8 Cells

6. Step 3:
The zygote keeps dividing & makes a ball of cells, called a Morula

7. Step 4: From a Morula it becomes a Blastula
When it becomes hollow it is called a Blastula
**This is what a stem cell is***

9. Step 5: Gastrulation Differentiation of tissues occurs
3 Germ layers are made
Invagination- the cells fold into each other
This is called a gastrula

11. 3 Layers have names:
Ectoderm
Mesoderm
Endoderm

12. 3 Germ Layers
Ectoderm
(outside layer)
Becomes the Nervous System, skin, hair and nails
Endoderm
(inside layer)
digestive tract and respiratory tract
Mesoderm
(middle Layer)
Muscles, circulatory system, skeletal system, excretory system, and glands

13. An embryo develops in the uterus, and gets nourishment from a placenta
The exchange of nutrients, respiratory gases, and waste diffuse through the placenta

14. Placenta

15. Prenatal Care/Pregnancy
Environmental factors can harm the embryo/fetus
EX: use of drugs, alcohol, tobacco, or other toxins

16. Life in the Womb Part 1

17. STOP

18. Menstrual Cycle The release of a mature egg from a follicle
Occurs ~28 days, and lasts for ~7 days
Starts with Puberty, and ends with menopause

19. 4 stages of Menstrual Cycle
1. Menstruation (flow phase)
2. Follicle Stage
3. Ovulation
4. Corpus Luteum (Luteal Phase)

20. 1. Menstruation When: Day 1- Day 6
Hormone: Increase in Follicle Stimulating Hormone
Menstrual flow begins
Shedding of uterine lining and blood

21. 2. Follicle Stage When: Day 7- 14
Hormone: Follicle Stimulating Hormone stimulates an egg to become mature
Follicle Stimulating Hormone thickens the uterine lining

22. 3. Ovulation
When: Day 14
Hormone: Estrogen stops the production of FSH
Estrogen stimulates the release of Luteinizing hormone
Mature egg is RELEASED

23. 4. Corpus Luteum Stage “Luteal Phase” When: Day 15- Day 28
Hormones: Luteinizing and Progesterone
Luteinizing hormone (LH) stimulates the Corpus Luteum to develop

24. Corpus Luteum is the part of the follicle that remains in the ovary
It stimulates estrogen and progesterone
It disintegrates and leaves a scar on the ovary

25. Hormones Progesterone Thickens Uterine Lining Luteinizing
Stimulates the corpus luteum to develop
Follicle Stimulating Hormone
Stimulates an egg to become mature
Estrogen
Stimulates the release of Luteinizing hormone