1. BellRinger: Write the Underlined portion of the text
BellRinger: Write the Underlined portion of the text. Select the best Answer Choice. Explain why you Selected this answer

2. Daily Agenda September 12, 2016
Lesson Title: AP Multiple Choice Analysis/Rhetorical Analysis Essay
Grammar Focus: Antithesis (contrast in language)
Literary Focus: Allegory and Symbolism
ALCCRS: RI 10, 11, 12, 13, 14,15; L 37, 38; SL 29,30; L. 37,38; W 21,22, 24; V 40
Essential Question(s): How do we determine levels of reading? Who is responsible for constructing meaning of the world? How to we use rhetorical devices to construct effective meaning of the world?
Daily Learning Outcomes: I will identify and define allegory, symbolism, and antithesis. I will practice identifying these elements in writing. I will be able to identify the three levels of reading in a text. I will use SOAPSTone to analyze a text
Academic vocabulary: antithesis, symbolism, allegory, SOAPStone, Rhetoric
General Vocabulary: ascent, engendered, illumination, compulsion
Before Activity: Antithesis/Levels of Reading
During Activity: Cornell Notes for Allegory and Symbolism
After Activity: Exit Slip
Homework: Study vocabulary words and AP MC2 passage for the test. Complete the PowerPoint notes on Symbolism and Allegory prior to the next class meeting.

3. Syntax: Antithesis
Antithesis makes use of a contrast language to bring out a contrast in ideas. It is one of the most attractive and powerful tools in speech and writing.
Some of the most famous lines in modern history are built on the antithesis, from Neil Armstrong’s “That’s one small step for a [a] man, one giant leap for mankind,” to Martin Luther King, Jr.’s “…not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character.”
Antithesis has a natural beauty to the human ear because we are creatures who love to organize and characterize our thoughts and ideas. Antithesis can be built by contrasting any of the different parts of a statement:
Keep the structure of a sentence identical, but use two opposing views
Change entire clauses to contrast with one another
Have whole sentences oppose one another throughout the course of a paragraph.
Longer uses of antithesis can be very powerful

4. Syntax: Antithesis Continued
Antithesis can also help to point out fine distinctions in an issue by presenting them together. By contrasting legality and morality, wisdom and learning, or success and happiness you make your reader think about the subtle shades of differences between the concepts.
Example #1: “We live within our limits, for we are men, not gods.”
Example #2: “I speak not from ignorance, but from experience.”
Example #3: “War is not fought to achieve joy, but rather avoid pain.”
In your Cornell Notes, break down the two opposing ideas in each of the examples above. Identify the main idea being presented in each statement.
Example 1: Contrasting ideas: men, gods
Main idea: Unlike gods, men have limited capacities.

5. Syntax: Antithesis Practice
Open the Rhetorical Devices textbook to pages On a separate sheet of paper (make sure it is MLA-formatted), complete Exercise 2. Use the examples from the previous slide as a model. You will have 10 minutes to complete the assignment.
Write each sentence. You may work with a partner. Question 1 has been done for your.
“ We are caught in war, wanting peace. We are torn by division, wanting unity.” –Richard Nixon
Contrasting Ideas: war, peace; division, unity
Main Idea: Richard Nixon is discussing the tactic of using war, which involves destruction and death to accomplish peace under the differing ideals of politics to achieve unity in the world.
Be prepared to discuss your answers aloud!

6. Antithesis Wrap-up: Exit slip
On a Post-it note, respond to the Questions Below. Be sure to use complete sentences in your response.
How to we use rhetorical devices to construct effective meaning of the world?

7. Symbolism and Allegory
Objective: Students will be able to define, recognize and explain symbolism, allegory and figurative language.
Symbolism and Allegory
Q: What does it mean to define, recognize, and explain?

8. APK (Activating Prior Knowledge)
See if you can explain what the following symbols mean:

9. Concept Development: Symbols
A symbol is often an event, object, person or animal to which an extraordinary meaning or significance has been attached.
Pair/share: What ideas do these pictures symbolize?

10. Concept Development: Where do Symbols come from?
Symbols can be inherited or invented.
Ex. The Statue of Liberty came to symbolize freedom for people immigrating to the United States by way of Ellis Island.

11. Importance: Why Create Symbols in literature?
Symbols allow writers to suggest layers of meanings and possibilities that a simple literal statement could not convey as well.
Symbols allow writers to convey an idea with layers of meaning without having to explain those layers in the text.
A symbol is like a pebble cast into a pond: It sends out ever widening ripples.
Pair/Share: Tell your partner a symbol from one of our readings this year or last year.

12. Concept Development: Allegory
An Allegory is a story in which characters, settings and actions stand for something beyond themselves.
In some types of Allegories, the characters and setting represent abstract ideas of moral qualities.
In other types, characters and situations stand for historical figures and events.

13. Examples of Allegories
An Allegory can be read on one level for its literal or straightforward meaning
An allegory can be read for its symbolic, or allegorical meaning
Allegories are often intended to teach a moral lesson or make a comment about goodness and depravity.

14. Symbols and Allegory in Movies…
Captain American: Winter Soldier:
Captain America: Allegory for _______________
Life of Pi:
Orangutan: Symbol for ________________
The Wizard of OZ:
Dorothy: Symbol/Allegory for ___________

15. Concept Development: Fable
Type of ALLEGORY, usually has animals
Used to teach moral lessons to children
Animals/characters represent
Virtues=good human qualities
Vices=bad human qualities
**Fables teach lessons about
life**
Represents arrogance
Represents Perseverance

16. Concept Development: Fable
Another example of a famous fable is the following from Aesop’s Fables:
The Hound Dog and the Rabbit
One day, a hound dog was hunting for a rabbit and managed to find one. The hound chased the rabbit for a long time, but eventually, the rabbit escaped. When another dog made fun of the hound dog for allowing the rabbit to escape, the hound dog replied: “You do now see the difference between the rabbit and I; I am only running for my dinner, while he is running for his life.”
The lesson: Incentive will spur effort
Pair/Share: Can you name another fable?

17. Concept Development: Parable
Type of ALLEGORY set in the real world
Teaches a lesson about ethics or morality
Remember the Good Samaritan??
-Many stories in the Bible are parables

18. Concept Development: Allegory/Parables
Some famous parables and allegorical stories/movies/television programs are:
Animal Farm
“The Emperor’s New Clothes”
The Wizard of Oz
“The Boy Who Cried Wolf”
Avatar
The Matrix
Of Mice and Men

19. Allegory continued…
In a old English play called Everyman, the main character is named Everyman ( he stands for exactly what his name indicates.)
One day Everyman is summoned by death to give an accounting of his life.
Everyman asks his friends Fellowship, Beauty, Strength and Good Deeds to go with him to tell death that he has led a good life.
Only Good Deeds stays with him until the end.
Pair/Share: What do you think the lesson is from this story?

20. Symbolism vs. Allegory
A symbol can be a word, place, character or object that means something beyond what it is on a literal level.
An allegory involves using many interconnected symbols or allegorical figures in such a way that nearly every element of the narrative has a meaning beyond the literal level, i.e., everything in the narrative is a symbol that relates to other symbols within the story.

21. Closure: Symbolism and Allegory Review
A symbol is _____________________.
Symbols can be _______, _________, __________, or _________.
Symbols represent _______________________.
Name the four things that can be symbols.
Symbols allow writers to __________.
An allegory is ______ in which _______________.
and _______ stand for something beyond themselves.
Name two types of Allegories.

22. Independent Practice
Think of a movie or book that utilizes a symbol (you cannot use an example from this PowerPoint!)
Name the movie/book
Identify the symbol
Identify the literal meaning of the symbol
Identify the figurative (symbolic) meaning of the symbol
Explain why the symbol was used