1. Native American Culture Groups
Section 2

3. By the 1400s Native Americans lived
Throughout all parts of the Americas.
Within each of the major culture groups,
Different nations shared similar ways of life
During thousands of years, Native Americans developed many different ways to get food, build homes, practice religion, and enforce laws
They spoke more than 1,000 languages.
MAIN IDEA: The earliest inhabitants of North America developed unique and thriving cultures

4. Compare/Contrast Similarities Differences
Each nation had sm. Group of leader who decided for the whole group
Law enforcement
Shared common ancestory
Decided leadership
No one could own land
Language
Power of spirits found in nature
Food, dress, home, hair

5. Arctic The Aleuts Both in the far northern region
Shelter is made from sod, driftwood, whale bone and animal skins
Food: clams, berries and seafood
Good weavers, made elaborate designs
Both traveled in boats that held up to 12 passengers made from driftwood
Religion was based on nature spirits and believed in reincarnation (both)
The Inuits
Shelter is made from sod and skin tents
Food: whale, walrus and seal
Made things from soapstone
Storytelling and singing as part of their religion and to pass down history
Both groups mummified corpses

6. Sub-arctic Location: Canada and northern US
Homes built mainly from sod
Hunted moose, beaver, rabbit and deer
Art/Recreation: played with dolls, played a version of basketball and a game of hoops and poles
Transportation: canoes and rafts
Religion: worshipped nature
Advances: great hunters of meat and owned large tracts of land

7. The Northwest Coast Location: Pacific Northwest
Shelter: homes made from wood
Food: Salmon, bear, moose and seals and did not grow crops
Recreation: totem poles w/ animals to praise the spirits
Trans: canoes that hold 50 people
Religion: Worshipped animals
Advances: Carved items out of wood

8. California Location: Along the Pacific Coast
Shelter: made huts out of basic materials including wood
Food: fished and tried plants
Recreation: build long wooden canoes,
Trans: used canoes and rafts and walked
Religion: believed in what leader believed and that the ground around them was sacred
Advances: Expert fisherman and made bows and spears to help them

9. Southwest Location: pueblo area in what is today Arizona, New Mexico
Shelter: adobe, brick and stone
Food: corn, squash, beans and grew tobacco
Recreation: made wampuns, sand painting, pottery
Trans: traveled by river and horses
Religion: Believed in mother nature
Advances: jewelry making, Kachina dolls, crop growing, well making and canals

10. The Great Basin
Location: Dry desert area in north half of the intermountain region in present Utah and Nevada
Shelter: hogans (type of hut), long house, plank house and chickee
Food: seeds, berries, snakes, rodents and insects and lizards
Recreation: weaved baskets, kids played and planting
Trans: walked and rode horses
Religion: believed in powerful spirit beings based on mythology
Advances: basket weaving and horse riding

11. Plateau Located east on the NW coast Shelter made underground
Food: Salmon, bugs, fruit and berries
Art/Rec: Rock painting, weaving, carving and clothing
Trans: Used rivers
Religion: spirits inhabiting living and non-living things
Advances: built good housing

12. The Plains Located west of the Mississippi River to the Rocky Mtns.
Shelter: lived in tepees and lived in villages
Food: Ate corn, beans, squash, sunflower seed and grew tobacco
Art/Rec: Used buffalo bones for tools, cooking utensils and ceremonial purposes
Trans: Used horses from Europeans
Religion: No specific religion – Animists
Advances: Used weapons from Europeans and were good horsemen.

13. The Northeast Woodlands

14. Northeast Woodland
Located in dense forest with fertile rivers in present day Iowa, Illinois, Wisconsin
Houses made of wood and tree bark
Food: grew corn squash and beans “three sisters”
Art/Rec: Beads, shells used for necklaces, made woven baskets
Trans: Made canoes from trees and traveled by foot
Religion: Believed in one great spirit
Advances: Canoes and good weavers

15. Southeast
Five main tribes: cherokee, seminole, chocktaw, creek, and chickasaw located in modern day southeast (TX, OK, MO, KY, VA, TN, AK, MD, FL)
Shelter: Adobe homes
Food: Hunted Buffalo, deer and bear, fished in streams and farmed
Art/Rec: artwork that represented their environment, played ball games: lacrosse, version of basketball
Trans: Traveled by foot and canoe
Religion: polytheistic
Advances: good sport player and made canoes, jewelries and kachina dolls

16. Review Vocabulary (next slide)
What beliefs about land and nature did most Native Americans share?
Think about one of the ten Native American culture areas. Think about the area’s physical environment. Draw a scene that shows that environment.

17. Vocabulary Define the following: Shaman Totem pole Potlatch Tepee
Iroquois League