1. Native Americans
Native Americans were the people who lived in America before people from other countries came here.

2. Native Americans respected nature.
They took care of the earth and only used what they needed.

3. Native Americans used natural resources to meet their needs.
trees
water
stones
buffalo
Natural resources are things in nature that people can use.

4. Native Americans lived in six different regions.

5. Each region had different physical surroundings.
Some regions had forests.
Others were mostly desert.

6. Still others had oceans nearby.

7. Each region had different natural resources.
Each culture group used the natural resources in its region to meet its needs.

8. For this reason, Native Americans had different homes.
Those who lived near deserts used clay or stones to build their homes.
Those who lived on the Plains used buffalo skins to make their homes.
Still others lived near forests. They built their homes of wood.

9. The physical surroundings of each region also affected how each group got its food.
Native Americans in the Eastern Woodlands were very lucky. That region had forests, lakes and rivers, a nearby ocean, and good climate. These Native Americans could farm, hunt, and fish for food.

10. There were no forests in the Southwest region
There were no forests in the Southwest region. The land was rocky and uneven.
There were many large rocks with flat tops. The Indians who lived in this region were farmers. They planted their crops on the tops of mesas.

11. Native Americans in the California Inter-mountain region were known as gatherers.

12. There were few natural resources in this region
There were few natural resources in this region. These Native Americans gathered acorns, seeds, and fruits. They also dug up plant roots to eat for food.

13. Indians from the Northwest Coast hunted sea animals in the Pacific Ocean.
There were many salmon in the rivers for them to eat. They also hunted animals in nearby forests.

14. Buffalo were a natural resource in the Plains region
Buffalo were a natural resource in the Plains region. The meat was used for food. The skins were used for shelters and clothing. The bones were used for tools.

15. The physical surroundings of the regions affected each culture group’s way of life in other ways, too.
There was much clay in the Southwest. Native Americans that lived in this region used the clay to make beautiful pottery.

16. The carvings on each totem pole told about a family’s history.
The Northwest Coast region had many forests. The Native Americans in this region used wood from the forests to carve tall totem poles.
The carvings on each totem pole told about a family’s history.

17. There were many buffalo in the Plains region
There were many buffalo in the Plains region. Native Americans who lived in this region were hunters.
The Plains Indians had special ceremonies before big hunts. They danced to the music of drums. They thought this would bring them good luck on the hunt.

18. They made beautiful baskets out of grasses and plants.
Native Americans in the California Inter- mountain region were expert basket weavers.
They made beautiful baskets out of grasses and plants.

19. Plains and Southwest Indians got horses from Spanish explorers.
Physical surroundings affected how the Indians traveled, too. All Indians walked.
Plains and Southwest Indians got horses from Spanish explorers.
Indians in the Eastern Woodlands, Northwest Coast, and California Intermountain regions used canoes.