Download presentation
Presentation is loading. Please wait.
1
:jfutd\ ;fj{hlgs vl/bM af]nkq;DaGwL sfo{ljlw -;'rgf b]lv ;Demf}tf;Dd_
-lgdf{0f tyf dfn;fdfg_ ;'/]z k|wfg ;fj{hlgs vl/b /fli6Èo k|lZfIfs -xfn ;x;lrj_ g]k|k|k|, nlntk'/
![:jfutd\ ;fj{hlgs vl/bM af]nkq;DaGwL sfo{ljlw -; rgf b]lv ;Demf}tf;Dd_](http://slideplayer.com/slide/14157875/86/images/1/%3Ajfutd%5C+%3Bfj%7Bhlgs+vl%2FbM+af%5Dnkq%3BDaGwL+sfo%7Bljlw+-%3B+rgf+b%5Dlv+%3BDemf%7Dtf%3BDd_.jpg "-lgdf{0f tyf dfn;fdfg_. ; /]z k|wfg. ;fj{hlgs vl/b /fli6Èo k|lZfIfs -xfn ;x;lrj_. g]k|k|k|, nlntk /")
2
k|:t'tL;+u ;DaGwLt cfwf/x?
k|:t'tLsf cfwf/x? ;fj{hlgs vl/b -k|yd ;fj{hlgs vl/b -rf}yf] gd'gf af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhftsf] ;DaGwLt k|fjwfgx? ;fj{hlgs vl/b;DaGwL sfg"g cEof;sf] ;DaGwdf ;fdgf ul/Psf dfldnfx? k|:t'tLsf] p2]Zo M af]nkqsf] dfWodaf6 ul/g] dfn;fdfg tyf lgdf{0f sfo{sf] vl/b;DaGwL sf/jfxL C+vnfa4 ?kdf j0f{g ug{ / ;/;tL{ eGg ;Sg] t'Nofpg], Ifdtf ljsf; ug{ ;3fpg]
3
k|:t'tLsf ljifox? ;fj{hlgs vl/b sfg"g M vl/b sfo{ljlwsf] dxTj / vl/b sfo{ljlw z'? ug'{ cl3 k"/f ug'{ kg]{ tof/Lsf sfo{x? vl/b sfo{ljlw;DaGwL k|d'v sfo{x? af]nkq;DaGwL ;"rgff af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhft hf/L . ljqmL Joj:yf af]nkq hdfgt tyf af]nkq dfGo cjlw;DaGwL Joj:yf ;"rgf tyf sfuhft yk tyf ;+zf]wg lgdf{0f:ynsf] e|d0f ,af]nkq k]zug'{ k"j{sf] a}7s af]nkq k]z ug]{ Joj:yf af]nkq ;+zf]wg tyf lkmtf{ ug]{ k|s[of af]nkq vf]Ng] k|s[of Joj:yf af]nkq k/LIf0f tyf d"Nof+sg / k|ltj]bg Joj:yf -;+IfLKt hfgsf/L_ sfo{;Dkfbg hdfgt cfzokq / vl/b ;Demf}tf 3
![k|:t tLsf ljifox ;fj{hlgs vl/b sfg g M vl/b sfo{ljlwsf] dxTj / vl/b sfo{ljlw z ug { cl3 k /f ug { kg]{ tof/Lsf sfo{x](http://slideplayer.com/slide/14157875/86/images/3/k%7C%3At+tLsf+ljifox+%3Bfj%7Bhlgs+vl%2Fb+sfg+g+M+vl%2Fb+sfo%7Bljlwsf%5D+dxTj+%2F+vl%2Fb+sfo%7Bljlw+z+ug+%7B+cl3+k+%2Ff+ug+%7B+kg%5D%7B+tof%2FLsf+sfo%7Bx.jpg "vl/b sfo{ljlw;DaGwL k|d v sfo{x af]nkq;DaGwL ; rgff. af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhft hf/L . ljqmL Joj:yf. af]nkq hdfgt tyf af]nkq dfGo cjlw;DaGwL Joj:yf. ; rgf tyf sfuhft yk tyf ;+zf]wg. lgdf{0f:ynsf] e|d0f ,af]nkq k]zug { k j{sf] a}7s. af]nkq k]z ug]{ Joj:yf. af]nkq ;+zf]wg tyf lkmtf{ ug]{ k|s[of. af]nkq vf]Ng] k|s[of Joj:yf. af]nkq k/LIf0f tyf d Nof+sg / k|ltj]bg Joj:yf -;+IfLKt hfgsf/L_. sfo{;Dkfbg hdfgt. cfzokq / vl/b ;Demf}tf. 3.")
4
;fj{hlgs vl/b;DaGwL sfg"gL Joj:yf
;fljs Joj:yf M ;/sf/L lgsfox?n] cfly{s sfo{ljlw / ;f]cGtu{t ag]sf] cfly{s k|zf;g;DaGwL df ePsf] Joj:yf adf]lhd vl/b sfo{ x'Fb} cfPsf] -xfn cfly{s sfo{ljlw lgodfjnL _ jt{dfg Joj:yf M ;fj{hlgs lgsfox?n] ;fj{hlgs vl/b ubf{ ;fj{hlgs vl/b P]g b]vL_ df k|yd ;+zf]wg _ ;fj{hlgs vl/b lgodfjnL b]vL nfu" _ kf}if $ df rf}yf] ;+zf]wg _ vl/b ubf{ o; P]g adf]lhdsf] sfo{ljlw k"/f u/L vl/b ug'{ kg]{df o; sfg"gsf] k|lts'n x'g] u/L ul/Psf] vl/b ab/ tyf cdfGo x'g]5 -bkmf M #_ lgod agfpg] clwsf/ M P]gsf] p2]Zo sfof{Gjog ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/n] cfjZos lgodx? agfpg ;Sg]5 . t/ ;/sf/L ;fj{hlgs lgsfo afx]s cGo ;fj{hlgs lgsfon] To:tf lgsfo;+u ;DalGwt P]g, lgod jf u7g cfb]zsf] cwLgdf /xL cfjZos lgod agfpg ;Sg]5 . 4
5
;fj{hlgs vl/b k|0ffnL . k|s[of k|jfx
z'? vl/b OsfO{sf sfo{x? != dfu ;+sng, df}Hbft / clen]v le8fg, ahf/ cEoog vl/b dfu M zfvf jf dxfzfvfx? -vl/b of]hgf jf sfo{qmd, ah]6sf] cfwf/df_ !=dfn;fdfg @= lgdf{0f sfo{ #= k/fdz{ ;]jf $= cGo ;]jf @= k|fljlws ljj/0f tof/L M cfsf/, gSzf, l8hfO{g, k|fljlws ljz]iftfx? , dfn;fdfg gd"gf &=vl/b ljlw lgwf{/0f ;f]em} vl/b, jftf{ b/efpkq jf k|:tfj pkef]Stf ;lslt af]nkq jf k|:tfj #= vl/b sfo{ PsLg M kl/df0f, u'0f:t/, ;do, k|sf/ cGt dfu k"/f clen]v $= Kofs]h lgwf{/0f M dfn;fdfg, lgdf{0f, k/fdz{;]jf, cGo ;]jfsf] 5'6\6f 5'6\6} !*= ;+emf}tf k|zf;g cg'udg / u'0f:t/ k/LIf0f M dfn;fdfg, ;]jf k|fKtL, e'StfgL *= vl/b of]hgf tflnsf %= nfut cg'dfg M Kofs]h cfwf/df ^= of]Uotf lgwf{/0f -QC_M hgzlSt, cg'ej, ljlQo tyf 5gf}6 ljlw -QBS,QCBS,FBS,LCS_ (= b/efpkq, af]nkq sfuhft ,k|:tfj tof/L, -;Demf}tf_ !)= b/efpkq k"j{of]Uotf . Af]fnkq, k|:tfjsf] ;'rgf k|sfzg !&= s/f/ ;+emf}tf ug]{ !%= k|:tfj jf af]nkq k'g/fjnf]sg -sfof{no jf ;ldlt_ b/efpkq, ;f]em} vl/b !$ b/efpkq, Af]fnkq, k|:tfj d"NofFsg Kf"j{ k|:tfj, af]nkq a}7s !^= b/efpkq, Af]fnkq jf k|:tfj :jLs[tL !# b/efpkq Af]fnkq, k|:tfj k]z ug]{ !!= k"j{of]Uotf . Af]fnkq sfuhft, k|:tfj pknAw u/fpg]
6
vl/b sfo{ljlwsf] dxTj Vfl/b sfo{sf] af/]df ;/f]sf/jfnfnfO{ ;"lrt ug]{, hfgsf/L lbg] / cfdGq0f ug]{, ;fj{hlgs lgsfonfO{ ;/f]sf/jfnf ju{;+u ;DaGw :yfkgf ug]{ -Linking Entity with Market / Stakeholders_ vl/b sfo{df kf/blz{tf xfl;n ug]{ v'Nnf ?kdf cfdGq0f u/L k|lt:kwf{Tds Joj:yf kfngf ug]{ vl/b k|s[ofdf ;xefuL x'g lagf e]befj ;dfg cj;/ k|bfg ug]{ -bkmfM(, lgod #!_ vl/b sfo{nfO{ dfGotf -Validate_ k|bfg ug]{ , qmda4tf -Sequencing_ lglZrt ug]{ / k"jf{g'dfgof]Uo -predictable_ t'NofO{ kl/0ffdd'vL Result Oriented_ agfpg] vl/b sfo{ :jR5, j:t'ut / ;'zf;g o'St agfpg]
![vl/b sfo{ljlwsf] dxTj Vfl/b sfo{sf] af/]df ;/f]sf/jfnfnfO{ ; lrt ug]{, hfgsf/L lbg] / cfdGq0f ug]{,](http://slideplayer.com/slide/14157875/86/images/6/vl%2Fb+sfo%7Bljlwsf%5D+dxTj+Vfl%2Fb+sfo%7Bsf%5D+af%2F%5Ddf+%3B%2Ff%5Dsf%2FjfnfnfO%7B+%3B+lrt+ug%5D%7B%2C+hfgsf%2FL+lbg%5D+%2F+cfdGq0f+ug%5D%7B%2C.jpg ";fj{hlgs lgsfonfO{ ;/f]sf/jfnf ju{;+u ;DaGw :yfkgf ug]{ -Linking Entity with Market / Stakeholders_. vl/b sfo{df kf/blz{tf xfl;n ug]{ v Nnf kdf cfdGq0f u/L k|lt:kwf{Tds Joj:yf kfngf ug]{ vl/b k|s[ofdf ;xefuL x g lagf e]befj ;dfg cj;/ k|bfg ug]{ -bkmfM(, lgod #!_. vl/b sfo{nfO{ dfGotf -Validate_ k|bfg ug]{ , qmda4tf -Sequencing_ lglZrt ug]{ / k jf{g dfgof]Uo -predictable_ t NofO{ kl/0ffdd vL -Result Oriented_ agfpg] vl/b sfo{ :jR5, j:t ut / ; zf;g o St agfpg]")
7
vl/b sfo{ljlw z'? ug'{ cl3 k"/f ug'{ kg]{ tof/Lsf sfo{x?
lgsfosf] Joj;flos of]hgf, sfo{qmd / ah]6sf] Joj:yf lgdf{0f:ynsf] pknAwtf vl/b sfo{sf] lhDd]jf/L tf]lsPsf] -vl/b dxfzfvf, zfvf jf OsfO{ u7g _ dfu jf cfjZostf lglZrt ePsf] -vl/b sfo{, kl/df0f, ;do, d'No_ vl/b sfo{sf] ahf/ cWoog / clen]v le8fg -;fdfg jf cfk"lt{stf{ . ;]jf k|bfossf] pknAwtf_ k|fljlws ljj/0f jf sfo{If]qut zt{ tof/ -dfn;fdfgsf] k|fljlws ljj/0f, Terms of Reference, Bill of Quantity_ of]Uotfsf] lgwf{/0f -Determine Qualification Criteria_ Kofs]h lgwf{/0f ePsf] -;dfgtf, ljleGgtf, Ps};do jf r/0f, sfo{k|s[of_ nfut cg'dfg cBfjlws ?kdf :jLs[t e};s]sf] vl/b ljlw -;f]em} vl/b, b/efpkq, af]nkq -k"j{ jf kZrft of]Uotf, Ps jf b'O{ r/0f_, k|:tfj dfukq_ lglZrt e};s]sf] vl/b of]hgf -u'? vl/b of]hgf , jflif{s vl/b of]hgf_tof/L / :jLs[t af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhft, b/efpkq, cfzo kq jf k|:tfj dfukq :jLs[tL
![vl/b sfo{ljlw z ug { cl3 k /f ug { kg]{ tof/Lsf sfo{x](http://slideplayer.com/slide/14157875/86/images/7/vl%2Fb+sfo%7Bljlw+z+ug+%7B+cl3+k+%2Ff+ug+%7B+kg%5D%7B+tof%2FLsf+sfo%7Bx.jpg "lgsfosf] Joj;flos of]hgf, sfo{qmd / ah]6sf] Joj:yf. lgdf{0f:ynsf] pknAwtf. vl/b sfo{sf] lhDd]jf/L tf]lsPsf] -vl/b dxfzfvf, zfvf jf OsfO{ u7g _. dfu jf cfjZostf lglZrt ePsf] -vl/b sfo{, kl/df0f, ;do, d No_. vl/b sfo{sf] ahf/ cWoog / clen]v le8fg -;fdfg jf cfk lt{stf{ . ;]jf k|bfossf] pknAwtf_. k|fljlws ljj/0f jf sfo{If]qut zt{ tof/ -dfn;fdfgsf] k|fljlws ljj/0f, Terms of Reference, Bill of Quantity_. of]Uotfsf] lgwf{/0f -Determine Qualification Criteria_. Kofs]h lgwf{/0f ePsf] -;dfgtf, ljleGgtf, Ps};do jf r/0f, sfo{k|s[of_. nfut cg dfg cBfjlws kdf :jLs[t e};s]sf] vl/b ljlw -;f]em} vl/b, b/efpkq, af]nkq -k j{ jf kZrft of]Uotf, Ps jf b O{ r/0f_, k|:tfj dfukq_ lglZrt e};s]sf] vl/b of]hgf -u vl/b of]hgf , jflif{s vl/b of]hgf_tof/L / :jLs[t. af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhft, b/efpkq, cfzo kq jf k|:tfj dfukq :jLs[tL.")
8
vl/b ljlw 5gf}6 M dfn;fdfg, lgdf{0f sfo{ jf cGo ;]jf
vl/b ljlw 5gf}6 ug'{ kg]{ -bkmf *_ M cj:yf / vl/b d"Nosf] cfwf/df vl/b ljlw ckgfpg' kg]{M– -!_ cGt/f{li6«o :t/df v'Nnf af]nkq cfÅjfg u/L, /fli6«o :t/df v'Nnf af]nkq cfÅjfg u/L, -#_ l;naGbL b/efpkq cfÅjfg u/L, -$_ ;f]em} vl/b u/L, -%_ pkef]Qmf ;ldlt jf nfeu|fxL ;d'bfonfO{ ;xefuL u/fO{, -^_ cdfgtaf6 . vl/b ljlw 5gf}6==-P]gsf] k|yd æPsd'i6 b/ ljlwaf6 s/f]8;Ddsf] 36L jf a9L k|ltztdf Psd'i6_ lgwf{l/t b/df -Sof6nu ;lk+u_ ljlwM laqmL d"No j]e;fO6 jf sfuhft -a|f];/_df tf]s]sf] d"Nodf k|lt:kwf{ u/fO{ ul/g] vl/b ljlw ;Lldt af]nkqbftfn] efu lng] -lnld6]8 6]08l/Ë_ M lghx?aLr dfq k|lt:kwf{ u/fO{ ul/g] gofF lng] k'/fgf] lbg]] -afO{ Aofs d]y8_ M lglZrt ;do kl5 tf]lsP adf]lhd d"NofÍg u/L ;DalGwt pTkfbs jf cfk"lt{stf{nfO{ lkmtf{ lbO{ gofF lng] ljlw Æ
![vl/b ljlw 5gf}6 M dfn;fdfg, lgdf{0f sfo{ jf cGo ;]jf](http://slideplayer.com/slide/14157875/86/images/8/vl%2Fb+ljlw+5gf%7D6+M+dfn%3Bfdfg%2C+lgdf%7B0f+sfo%7B+jf+cGo+%3B%5Djf.jpg "vl/b ljlw 5gf}6 ug { kg]{ -bkmf *_ M cj:yf / vl/b d Nosf] cfwf/df vl/b ljlw ckgfpg kg]{M– -!_ cGt/f{li6«o :t/df v Nnf af]nkq cfÅjfg u/L, /fli6«o :t/df v Nnf af]nkq cfÅjfg u/L, -#_ l;naGbL b/efpkq cfÅjfg u/L, -$_ ;f]em} vl/b u/L, -%_ pkef]Qmf ;ldlt jf nfeu|fxL ;d bfonfO{ ;xefuL u/fO{, -^_ cdfgtaf6 . vl/b ljlw 5gf}6==-P]gsf] k|yd æPsd i6 b/ ljlwaf6 s/f]8;Ddsf] 36L jf a9L k|ltztdf Psd i6_. lgwf{l/t b/df -Sof6nu ;lk+u_ ljlwM laqmL d No j]e;fO6 jf sfuhft -a|f];/_df tf]s]sf] d Nodf k|lt:kwf{ u/fO{ ul/g] vl/b ljlw. ;Lldt af]nkqbftfn] efu lng] -lnld6]8 6]08l/Ë_ M lghx aLr dfq k|lt:kwf{ u/fO{ ul/g] gofF lng] k /fgf] lbg]] -afO{ Aofs d]y8_ M lglZrt ;do kl5 tf]lsP adf]lhd d NofÍg u/L ;DalGwt pTkfbs jf cfk lt{stf{nfO{ lkmtf{ lbO{ gofF lng] ljlw Æ.")
9
af]nkqsf] dfWodaf6 vl/b ug'{kg]{
æaf]]nkqÆ M ;fj{{hlgs lgsfon] vl/bsf nflu k|sfzg u/]sf] ;"rgf cg'?k ;f] lgsfon] tf]s]sf] 9f“rfdf af]nkqbftfn]] k]z u/]sf] d"No v'Ng] sfuhft, k|:tfj jf b//]6 æaf]nkqbftfÆ M vl/b sf/afxLdf efu lng af]nkq k]z ug]]{ jf ug{ ;Sg] s'g} JolQm, kmd{, ;+:yf jf sDkgL v'Nnf ?kdf af]nkq cfXjfg u/L vl/b ug'{ kg]{ -bkmf (_ M ;fj{hlgs lgsfon] s'g} vl/b ug'{ kbf{ ;Dej eP;Dd v'Nnf ?kdf af]nkq cfÅjfg u/L ug'{ kg]{ / of]Uo af]nkqbftfnfO{ To:tf] vl/b k|s[ofdf ;xefuL x'g lagf e]befj ;dfg cj;/ k|bfg ug'{ kg]{ af]nkq /sdsf] ;Ldf -lgod #!-!__M ;fj{hlgs lgsfon] aL; nfv ?k}ofF eGbf a9L nfut cg'dfg ePsf] lgdf{0f sfo{, dfn;fdfg jf h'g;'s} ;]jf vl/b ug'{ kbf{ v'Nnf af]nkqsf] dfWod4f/f vl/b ug'{ kg]{ -lgodfjnLsf] rf}Yf]f
![af]nkqsf] dfWodaf6 vl/b ug {kg]{](http://slideplayer.com/slide/14157875/86/images/9/af%5Dnkqsf%5D+dfWodaf6+vl%2Fb+ug+%7Bkg%5D%7B.jpg "æaf]]nkqÆ M ;fj{{hlgs lgsfon] vl/bsf nflu k|sfzg u/]sf] ; rgf cg k ;f] lgsfon] tf]s]sf] 9f rfdf af]nkqbftfn]] k]z u/]sf] d No v Ng] sfuhft, k|:tfj jf b//]6. æaf]nkqbftfÆ M vl/b sf/afxLdf efu lng af]nkq k]z ug]]{ jf ug{ ;Sg] s g} JolQm, kmd{, ;+:yf jf sDkgL. v Nnf kdf af]nkq cfXjfg u/L vl/b ug { kg]{ -bkmf (_ M ;fj{hlgs lgsfon] s g} vl/b ug { kbf{ ;Dej eP;Dd v Nnf kdf af]nkq cfÅjfg u/L ug { kg]{ / of]Uo af]nkqbftfnfO{ To:tf] vl/b k|s[ofdf ;xefuL x g lagf e]befj ;dfg cj;/ k|bfg ug { kg]{ af]nkq /sdsf] ;Ldf -lgod #!-!__M ;fj{hlgs lgsfon] aL; nfv k}ofF eGbf a9L nfut cg dfg ePsf] lgdf{0f sfo{, dfn;fdfg jf h g; s} ;]jf vl/b ug { kbf{ v Nnf af]nkqsf] dfWod4f/f vl/b ug { kg]{ -lgodfjnLsf] rf}Yf]f")
10
af]nkq ;"rgf cfJxfg jf hf/L ug]{ -bkmfM!$_
;~rf/ dfWod M ;"rgf /fli6«o :t/sf] b}lgs ;dfrf/kq / cGt/f{li6«o :t/sf] xsdf cGt/f{li6«o ;~rf/ dfWoddf ;d]t k|sfzg ug{ ;lsg] Jf]e;fO{6df ;"rgf /fVg' kg]{ M o:tf] ;"rgf s]Gb|Lo :t/sf] xsdf ;f] lgsfo jf ;fj{hlgs vl/b cg'udg sfof{nosf] j]e ;fO{6 / lhNnf :t/Lo lgsfosf] xsdf To:tf] ;"rgf ;f] lgsfo jf ;fj{hlgs vl/b cg'udg sfof{nosf] j]e ;fO{6df /fVg ;lsg] vl/b sfo{sf] k|s[lt / ljlw cg';f/ ;'rgf cfJxfg ug'{ kg]{ ;f]em} vl/bsf] nflu df}h'bf;"rLsf sDtLdf # j6f;+u d'No k|:tfj dfu ug]{ b/efpkqsf] nflu !% lbgsf] ;'rgf cfJxfg ug]{ /fli6Èo af]nkq jf k"j{ of]Uotf lgwf{/0fsf] k|:tfj cfJxfgsf] ;"rgf /fli6«o :t/sf] b}lgs ;dfrf/kqdf k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{ -sDtLdf #) lbg_ cGt/f{li6«o :t/sf] af]nkq M cGt/f{li6«o ;~rf/ dfWoddf -;+o'St /fi6« ;+3 ljsf; Joj:ffo_ ;d]t k|sfzg ug{ ;lsg] -sDtLdf $% lbg_
![af]nkq ; rgf cfJxfg jf hf/L ug]{ -bkmfM!$_](http://slideplayer.com/slide/14157875/86/images/10/af%5Dnkq+%3B+rgf+cfJxfg+jf+hf%2FL+ug%5D%7B+-bkmfM%21%24_.jpg ";~rf/ dfWod M ; rgf /fli6«o :t/sf] b}lgs ;dfrf/kq / cGt/f{li6«o :t/sf] xsdf cGt/f{li6«o ;~rf/ dfWoddf ;d]t k|sfzg ug{ ;lsg] Jf]e;fO{6df ; rgf /fVg kg]{ M o:tf] ; rgf s]Gb|Lo :t/sf] xsdf ;f] lgsfo jf ;fj{hlgs vl/b cg udg sfof{nosf] j]e ;fO{6 / lhNnf :t/Lo lgsfosf] xsdf To:tf] ; rgf ;f] lgsfo jf ;fj{hlgs vl/b cg udg sfof{nosf] j]e ;fO{6df /fVg ;lsg] vl/b sfo{sf] k|s[lt / ljlw cg ;f/ ; rgf cfJxfg ug { kg]{ ;f]em} vl/bsf] nflu df}h bf; rLsf sDtLdf # j6f;+u d No k|:tfj dfu ug]{ b/efpkqsf] nflu !% lbgsf] ; rgf cfJxfg ug]{ /fli6Èo af]nkq jf k j{ of]Uotf lgwf{/0fsf] k|:tfj cfJxfgsf] ; rgf /fli6«o :t/sf] b}lgs ;dfrf/kqdf k|sfzg ug { kg]{ -sDtLdf #) lbg_. cGt/f{li6«o :t/sf] af]nkq M cGt/f{li6«o ;~rf/ dfWoddf -;+o St /fi6« ;+3 ljsf; Joj:ffo_ ;d]t k|sfzg ug{ ;lsg] -sDtLdf $% lbg_.")
11
cGt/f{li6«o :t/sf] af]nkq cfJxfg -bkmf !%_
cGt/f{li6«o :t/sf] af]nkq cfÅjfg ug{' kg]{ cj:yfM -s_ dfu cg'?ksf] dfn;fdfg jf lgdf{0f sfo{ k|lt:kwf{Tds d"Nodf g]kfn /fHoleqsf Ps eGbf a9L lgdf{0f Joj;foL jf cfk"lt{stf{af6 k|fKt gx'g] ePdf, -v_ /fli6«o:t/df af]nkq cfÅjfg ubf{ s'g} af]nkq gk/L ljb]zaf6 k|fKt ug'{ kg]{ ePdf, -u_ bft[kIf;Fu ePsf] ;Demf}tf adf]lhd j}b]lzs ;xfotf >f]taf6 ljb]zL dfn;fdfg jf lgdf{0f sfo{ vl/b ug'{ kg]{ ePdf, -3_ ljz]if tyf hl6n lsl;dsf] dfn;fdfg jf lgdf{0f sfo{ ePsf]n] cGt/f{li6«o :t/sf] af]nkqaf6 vl/b ug'{ kg]{ egL ;fj{hlgs lgsfon] k|dfl0ft u/]sf]df . cGt/f{li6«o :t/sf] af]nkq cfÅjfgsf] ;"rgf c+u|]hL efiffdf k|sfzg / af]nkq jf k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL ;a} sfuhft c+u|]hL efiffdf pknAw u/fpg' kg]{ ;"rgf j]e ;fO{6df /fVg' kg]{
![cGt/f{li6«o :t/sf] af]nkq cfJxfg -bkmf !%_](http://slideplayer.com/slide/14157875/86/images/11/cGt%2Ff%7Bli6%C2%ABo+%3At%2Fsf%5D+af%5Dnkq+cfJxfg+-bkmf+%21%25_.jpg "cGt/f{li6«o :t/sf] af]nkq cfÅjfg ug{ kg]{ cj:yfM. -s_ dfu cg ksf] dfn;fdfg jf lgdf{0f sfo{ k|lt:kwf{Tds d Nodf g]kfn /fHoleqsf Ps eGbf a9L lgdf{0f Joj;foL jf cfk lt{stf{af6 k|fKt gx g] ePdf, -v_ /fli6«o:t/df af]nkq cfÅjfg ubf{ s g} af]nkq gk/L ljb]zaf6 k|fKt ug { kg]{ ePdf, -u_ bft[kIf;Fu ePsf] ;Demf}tf adf]lhd j}b]lzs ;xfotf >f]taf6 ljb]zL dfn;fdfg jf lgdf{0f sfo{ vl/b ug { kg]{ ePdf, -3_ ljz]if tyf hl6n lsl;dsf] dfn;fdfg jf lgdf{0f sfo{ ePsf]n] cGt/f{li6«o :t/sf] af]nkqaf6 vl/b ug { kg]{ egL ;fj{hlgs lgsfon] k|dfl0ft u/]sf]df . cGt/f{li6«o :t/sf] af]nkq cfÅjfgsf] ; rgf c+u|]hL efiffdf k|sfzg / af]nkq jf k j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL ;a} sfuhft c+u|]hL efiffdf pknAw u/fpg kg]{ ; rgf j]e ;fO{6df /fVg kg]{")
12
;"rgf cfJxfg jf hf/L ug]{-bkmfM!$Mk|yd ;+zf]wgaf6 $s / $ v yk_
vl/b sfo{sf] k|s[lt / ljlw cg';f/ ;'rgf cfJxfg ug'{ kg]{ -$ s_af]nkq gk/]sf] jf /2 ePsf] cj:yfdf af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhft, ;Demf}tfsf zt{x?, k|fljlws ljj/0f / nfut cg'dfgdf kl/jt{g ug'{ kg]{ cj:yfdf afx]s k'gMaf]nkq jf k|:tfj cfJxfg dfu ug'{ k/]df /fli6o :t/sf] af]nkq jf k|:tfj eP sDtLdf !% lbg / cGt//fli6o :t/sf] eP lbgsf] ;do lbO{ k'gM af]nkq jf k|:tfj cfJxfg ug{ ;lsg] -$ v_ dfly pNn]lvt cjlw leq klg af]nkq jf k|:tfj gk/]df jf ;f/e"t ?kdf k|efju|fxL gePdf / tTsfn vl/b gu/] xfgL gf]S;fgL x'g] jf sfd /f]lsg] ePdf To;sf] cf}lrTo v'nfO{ lgDgfg';f/ cfJxfg ug{ ;lsg] /fli6o :t/sf] af]nkq jf k"j{of]Uotf;DaGwL k|:tfj Ps tx dflysf] clwsf/Lsf] :jLs[tL lnO{ & lbg;Ddsf] cjlw lbO{ k'gM af]nkq cfJxfg ug{ ;lsg] jf bkmf * adf]lhd s'g} vl/b ljlw 5gf}6 -;f]em}, b/efpkq, af]nkq cflb_ u/L ;f]xL k|s[of cg'?k vl/b ug{ ;Sg]
![; rgf cfJxfg jf hf/L ug]{-bkmfM!$Mk|yd ;+zf]wgaf6 $s / $ v yk_](http://slideplayer.com/slide/14157875/86/images/12/%3B+rgf+cfJxfg+jf+hf%2FL+ug%5D%7B-bkmfM%21%24Mk%7Cyd+%3B%2Bzf%5Dwgaf6+%24s+%2F+%24+v+yk_.jpg "vl/b sfo{sf] k|s[lt / ljlw cg ;f/ ; rgf cfJxfg ug { kg]{ -$ s_af]nkq gk/]sf] jf /2 ePsf] cj:yfdf af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhft, ;Demf}tfsf zt{x , k|fljlws ljj/0f / nfut cg dfgdf kl/jt{g ug { kg]{ cj:yfdf afx]s k gMaf]nkq jf k|:tfj cfJxfg dfu ug { k/]df /fli6o :t/sf] af]nkq jf k|:tfj eP sDtLdf !% lbg / cGt//fli6o :t/sf] eP lbgsf] ;do lbO{ k gM af]nkq jf k|:tfj cfJxfg ug{ ;lsg] -$ v_ dfly pNn]lvt cjlw leq klg af]nkq jf k|:tfj gk/]df jf ;f/e t kdf k|efju|fxL gePdf / tTsfn vl/b gu/] xfgL gf]S;fgL x g] jf sfd /f]lsg] ePdf To;sf] cf}lrTo v nfO{ lgDgfg ;f/ cfJxfg ug{ ;lsg] /fli6o :t/sf] af]nkq jf k j{of]Uotf;DaGwL k|:tfj Ps tx dflysf] clwsf/Lsf] :jLs[tL lnO{ & lbg;Ddsf] cjlw lbO{ k gM af]nkq cfJxfg ug{ ;lsg] jf bkmf * adf]lhd s g} vl/b ljlw 5gf}6 -;f]em}, b/efpkq, af]nkq cflb_ u/L ;f]xL k|s[of cg k vl/b ug{ ;Sg]")
13
SBD (M) : Invitation for Bids (IFB)
The Invitation for Bids shall be issued as: (a) an advertisement in at least one newspaper of national circulation (b) placed in the website of the concerned Entity or that of PPMO in case of a central level and in District level such notice may be placed in the website of the concerned entity or that of PPMO; and (c) an advertisement displayed on Notice Board of the office inviting bids. Purpose : Supply information to enable potential Bidders to decide on their participation. Essential items listed in the sample documents, Indicate any important bid evaluation criteria. Invitation to Bids may be incorporated in the bidding documents for the record, or it may be omitted. In either event, Invitation to Bids should conform to the bidding documents and, in particular, to the relevant information in the SCC to be attached herein.
14
af]nkq cfJxfgsf] ;"rgfM ljifoj:t' / v'nfpg' kg]{ s'/fx? -bkmf !$_
;fj{hlgs lgsfosf] gfd / 7]ufgf, vl/b sfo{sf] k|s[lt / ;do ;Ldf, dfn;fdfg cfk"lt{ . ;]jf k|bfg jf lgdf{0f sfo{ ug'{ kg]{ :yfg, af]nkq hdfgtsf] /sd / dfGo cjlw, / af]nkqsf] dfGo x'g] cjlw, af]nkq sfuhft kfO{g] :yfg -b'O{ jf b'O{ eGbf a9L_, k|fKt ug]{ tl/sf / ;f] jfkt nfUg] b:t'/, af]nkq k]z ug]{ jf k7fpg] :yfg -Pp6} lgsfodf dfq_, tl/sf, clGtd ldlt / ;do, vf]Ng] ldlt, ;do, / :yfg af]nkq vf]Ng] ;dodf af]nkqbftf jf lghsf] clwsf/ k|fKt k|ltlglwnfO{ cfdGq0f ug]{ s'/f, tf]lsP adf]lhdsf cGo s'/fx? -3/]n' k|fyldstf, nfut cg'dfg j]e;fO{6df ;"rgf k|sfzg ug]{ cflb_ . ;"rgfsf] cjlw M ;"rgf k|sfzg ubf{ /fli6«o :t/sf] af]nkq ;"rgfsf] xsdf sDtLdf tL; lbg cGt/f{li6«o :t/sf] af]nkq ;"rgfsf] xsdf sDtLdf k}+tfnL; lbg 3/]n' k|fyldstf M cGt/f{li6o :t/sf] af]nkqdf g]kfnL pBdL tyf Joj;foLnfO Ph]G6 lgo'Qm M Ph]G6sf] ;DaGwdf tf]lsP adf]lhdsf] ljj/0f v'nfpg] u/L :jb]zL Joj;foL;+usf] pkqmdnfO{ k|fyldstf M ;+o'St pkqmdsf] ;Gbe{df af]nkqsf] ;"rgfdf nfut cg'dfg v'nfpg' kg]{ -lgodM $(M rf}Yff] ;+zf]wg_ b'O{ s/f]8 ?k}ofF;Ddsf] lgdf{0f sfo{sf] af]nkq cfAxfgsf] ;'rgfdf nfut cg'dfg /sd v'nfpg' kg]{ ;"rgf lbg ;lsg] -bkmfM%)_M cGt/f{li6«o:t/sf] af]nkq jf k"j{of]Uotfsf] k|:tfj cfJxfgsf] ;"rgf g]kfn l:yt ;a} ljb]zL b'tfjf;nfO{ lbg' kg]{
![af]nkq cfJxfgsf] ; rgfM ljifoj:t / v nfpg kg]{ s /fx -bkmf !$_](http://slideplayer.com/slide/14157875/86/images/14/af%5Dnkq+cfJxfgsf%5D+%3B+rgfM+ljifoj%3At+%2F+v+nfpg+kg%5D%7B+s+%2Ffx+-bkmf+%21%24_.jpg ";fj{hlgs lgsfosf] gfd / 7]ufgf, vl/b sfo{sf] k|s[lt / ;do ;Ldf, dfn;fdfg cfk lt{ . ;]jf k|bfg jf lgdf{0f sfo{ ug { kg]{ :yfg, af]nkq hdfgtsf] /sd / dfGo cjlw, / af]nkqsf] dfGo x g] cjlw, af]nkq sfuhft kfO{g] :yfg -b O{ jf b O{ eGbf a9L_, k|fKt ug]{ tl/sf / ;f] jfkt nfUg] b:t /, af]nkq k]z ug]{ jf k7fpg] :yfg -Pp6} lgsfodf dfq_, tl/sf, clGtd ldlt / ;do, vf]Ng] ldlt, ;do, / :yfg. af]nkq vf]Ng] ;dodf af]nkqbftf jf lghsf] clwsf/ k|fKt k|ltlglwnfO{ cfdGq0f ug]{ s /f, tf]lsP adf]lhdsf cGo s /fx -3/]n k|fyldstf, nfut cg dfg j]e;fO{6df ; rgf k|sfzg ug]{ cflb_ . ; rgfsf] cjlw M ; rgf k|sfzg ubf{ /fli6«o :t/sf] af]nkq ; rgfsf] xsdf sDtLdf tL; lbg. cGt/f{li6«o :t/sf] af]nkq ; rgfsf] xsdf sDtLdf k}+tfnL; lbg. 3/]n k|fyldstf M cGt/f{li6o :t/sf] af]nkqdf g]kfnL pBdL tyf Joj;foLnfO. Ph]G6 lgo Qm M Ph]G6sf] ;DaGwdf tf]lsP adf]lhdsf] ljj/0f v nfpg] u/L. :jb]zL Joj;foL;+usf] pkqmdnfO{ k|fyldstf M ;+o St pkqmdsf] ;Gbe{df. af]nkqsf] ; rgfdf nfut cg dfg v nfpg kg]{ -lgodM $(M rf}Yff] ;+zf]wg_ b O{ s/f]8 k}ofF;Ddsf] lgdf{0f sfo{sf] af]nkq cfAxfgsf] ; rgfdf nfut cg dfg /sd v nfpg kg]{ ; rgf lbg ;lsg] -bkmfM%)_M cGt/f{li6«o:t/sf] af]nkq jf k j{of]Uotfsf] k|:tfj cfJxfgsf] ; rgf g]kfn l:yt ;a} ljb]zL b tfjf;nfO{ lbg kg]{")
15
af]nkq cfJxfgsf] ;'rgfdf v'nfpg' kg]{ s'/f -bkmf
af]nkq cfJxfgsf] ;'rgfdf v'nfpg' kg]{ s'/f -bkmf !$ sf] cltl/St lgod $( s ykM lgodfjnLsf] rf}yf] ;+zf]wg_ bkmf !$ sf] cltl/St af]nkq cfJxfgsf] ;'rgfdf yk ug]{ s'/fx? /fli6o jf cGt//fli6o :t/sf] af]nkqsf] hfgsf/L k"j{of]Uotf, of]Uotf ;lxt jf of]Uotf/lxt af]nkqsf] hfgsf/L af]nkq cfJxfg ul/Psf] vl/b ljlwsf] hfgsff/L ljB'tLo af]nkq bflvnf ug]{ tl/sfsf] hfgsf/L lgod #! s= sf] -!_ adf]lhd nfut cg'dfgsf] /sd -#! s= Psd'i6 b/ljlwaf6 vl/b ul/g] / of]Uotf cfjZos s/f]8 ?k}of;Dd nfut cg'dfg ePsf] /fli6o :t/sf] af]nkq eP ;fj{hlgs ug'{ kg]{_ ;Lldt af]nkq eP To:tf] ;Lldt af]nkqbftfnfO{ lbg'kg]{ ;'rgf - lgod #! u=_ cGt//fli6o :t/sf] af]nkqdf 3/]n' k|fyldstf lbg'kg]{ cj:yfdf :jb]zL af]nkqbftfn] dfq efu lng kfpg] s'/f - bkmf !$ -*__ lgdf{0f sfo{df ljb]zL / :jb]zL lgdf{0f Joj;foLsf] ;+o'St pkqmd eP :jb]zL lgdf{0f Joj;foL;+usf] ;+o'St pkqmdn] k|fyldstf kfpg] s'/f - bkmf !$-!!__ sfn]f;'rLdf k/]sf] JolSt, kmd{, ;+:yf jf sDkgLsf ;+rfnsn] gofF kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yf vf]nL sf/f]jf/ u/]sf] eP To:tf] JolSt, kmd{, ;+:yf jf sDkgLn] af]nkq k]z ug{ g;Sg] s'/f
![af]nkq cfJxfgsf] ; rgfdf v nfpg kg]{ s /f -bkmf](http://slideplayer.com/slide/14157875/86/images/15/af%5Dnkq+cfJxfgsf%5D+%3B+rgfdf+v+nfpg+kg%5D%7B+s+%2Ff+-bkmf.jpg "af]nkq cfJxfgsf] ; rgfdf v nfpg kg]{ s /f -bkmf !$ sf] cltl/St lgod $( s ykM lgodfjnLsf] rf}yf] ;+zf]wg_. bkmf !$ sf] cltl/St af]nkq cfJxfgsf] ; rgfdf yk ug]{ s /fx /fli6o jf cGt//fli6o :t/sf] af]nkqsf] hfgsf/L. k j{of]Uotf, of]Uotf ;lxt jf of]Uotf/lxt af]nkqsf] hfgsf/L. af]nkq cfJxfg ul/Psf] vl/b ljlwsf] hfgsff/L. ljB tLo af]nkq bflvnf ug]{ tl/sfsf] hfgsf/L. lgod #! s= sf] -!_ adf]lhd nfut cg dfgsf] /sd -#! s= Psd i6 b/ljlwaf6 vl/b ul/g] / of]Uotf cfjZos s/f]8 k}of;Dd nfut cg dfg ePsf] /fli6o :t/sf] af]nkq eP ;fj{hlgs ug { kg]{_. ;Lldt af]nkq eP To:tf] ;Lldt af]nkqbftfnfO{ lbg kg]{ ; rgf - lgod #! u=_. cGt//fli6o :t/sf] af]nkqdf 3/]n k|fyldstf lbg kg]{ cj:yfdf :jb]zL af]nkqbftfn] dfq efu lng kfpg] s /f - bkmf !$ -*__. lgdf{0f sfo{df ljb]zL / :jb]zL lgdf{0f Joj;foLsf] ;+o St pkqmd eP :jb]zL lgdf{0f Joj;foL;+usf] ;+o St pkqmdn] k|fyldstf kfpg] s /f - bkmf !$-!!__. sfn]f; rLdf k/]sf] JolSt, kmd{, ;+:yf jf sDkgLsf ;+rfnsn] gofF kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yf vf]nL sf/f]jf/ u/]sf] eP To:tf] JolSt, kmd{, ;+:yf jf sDkgLn] af]nkq k]z ug{ g;Sg] s /f.")
18
Preparation of Standard Bidding Documents
Informing the prospective suppliers, Contractors, Consultants and service providers As per the nature of procurement works : Civil Works, Goods, Consultancy and Other Services Law Provisions : Need to be prepared as per the provisions of Public Procurement Act 2063 and Rules 2064 Use of Model Standard Formats of Bid and Contract Agreements : Published by Public Procurement Monitoring Office (PPMO) Foreign Source financing : Donor's Procurement Guidelines and Bid Documents Download Documents from:
19
af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhftM ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{ sfuhft -lgod M $%_
dfn;dfg, lgdf{0f sfo{ jf cGo ;]jfsf] af]nkq;DaGwL efu x'G5M -!_ Bidding Process until Contract Agreement: -s_ af]nkq lgb]{lzsf tyf af]nkq kmf/fd -Bid Data Sheet df ul/g] kl/jt{g_ -v_ af]nkq hdfgtsf] 9fFrf, -u_ sfo{;Dkfbg hdfgtsf] 9fFrf, -3_ k]ZsL e'QmfgL hdfgtsf] 9fFrf, lgodfjnLsf] rf}yf] ;+zf]wgaf6 ykM -h_ P]gsf] bkmf !# sf] pkbkmf v08 -9#_ adf]lhdsf] ljj/0f -P]gsf] k|yd ;+zf]wgM af]nkqbftfn] s'g} ;fj{hlgs lgsfo;+u ;Demf}tf u/L s'g} sfo{ k|f/De u/]sf] eP To:tf] lgsfo, sfdsf] ljj/0f/ ;Demf}tf /sd / sfo{k|ultsf] ljj/0f -em_ af]nkq;fy k]z ul/Psf sfuhftsf] a}wtfsf] ljifodf ;DaGwLt af]nkqbftf lhDd]jf/ x'g] ljifo -`_ ;fj{hlgs lgsfon] cfjZos 7fg]sf cGo sfuhft Contract Agreement and Administration -ª_ vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] zt{ / gd"gf -GCC df SCC dfkm{t ul/g] ;+zf]wg jf yk_ -r_ :k]l;lkms]zg / gS;f, -5_ sfo{ k|f/De / ;DkGg ug]{ ;dosf] sfo{ tflnsf, e'QmfgL ul/g] d'b|f, ;fdu|L pknJw x'g ;Sg] ;|f]t / :yfg,
![af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhftM ;dfj]z ug { kg]{ sfuhft -lgod M $%_](http://slideplayer.com/slide/14157875/86/images/19/af%5Dnkq%3BDaGwL+sfuhftM+%3Bdfj%5Dz+ug+%7B+kg%5D%7B+sfuhft+-lgod+M+%24%25_.jpg "dfn;dfg, lgdf{0f sfo{ jf cGo ;]jfsf] af]nkq;DaGwL efu x G5M. -!_ Bidding Process until Contract Agreement: -s_ af]nkq lgb]{lzsf tyf af]nkq kmf/fd -Bid Data Sheet df ul/g] kl/jt{g_. -v_ af]nkq hdfgtsf] 9fFrf, -u_ sfo{;Dkfbg hdfgtsf] 9fFrf, -3_ k]ZsL e QmfgL hdfgtsf] 9fFrf, lgodfjnLsf] rf}yf] ;+zf]wgaf6 ykM. -h_ P]gsf] bkmf !# sf] pkbkmf v08 -9#_ adf]lhdsf] ljj/0f -P]gsf] k|yd ;+zf]wgM af]nkqbftfn] s g} ;fj{hlgs lgsfo;+u ;Demf}tf u/L s g} sfo{ k|f/De u/]sf] eP To:tf] lgsfo, sfdsf] ljj/0f/ ;Demf}tf /sd / sfo{k|ultsf] ljj/0f. -em_ af]nkq;fy k]z ul/Psf sfuhftsf] a}wtfsf] ljifodf ;DaGwLt af]nkqbftf lhDd]jf/ x g] ljifo. -`_ ;fj{hlgs lgsfon] cfjZos 7fg]sf cGo sfuhft. Contract Agreement and Administration. -ª_ vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] zt{ / gd gf -GCC df SCC dfkm{t ul/g] ;+zf]wg jf yk_. -r_ :k]l;lkms]zg / gS;f, -5_ sfo{ k|f/De / ;DkGg ug]{ ;dosf] sfo{ tflnsf, e QmfgL ul/g] d b|f, ;fdu|L pknJw x g ;Sg] ;|f]t / :yfg,")
20
af]nkq . k|:tfj;DaGwL sfuhft :jLs[tL M
af]nkq . k|:tfj cfJxfg;DaGwL sfuhft tof/ ePkl5 To:tf] sfuhft ;DalGwt ;fj{hlgs lgsfosf k|d'vn] :jLs[t ug{' kg]{ lgod $&_ /sdsf] cfwf/df tfn's clwsf/Laf6 nfut cg'dfgsf] :jLs[t ePklg sfuhftsf] :jLs[tL lgsfo k|d'vaf6 g} x'g' kg]{ sfuhftsf] tof/L af]nkq . k|:tfj ;"rgf k|sflzt ug'{ cl3 g} :jLs[t e} ;"rgf k|sfzg x'g] lbgdf laqmLsf] nflu cfjZos ;+Vofdf tof/ e} ;Sg'kg]{ 20
![af]nkq . k|:tfj;DaGwL sfuhft :jLs[tL M](http://slideplayer.com/slide/14157875/86/images/20/af%5Dnkq+.+k%7C%3Atfj%3BDaGwL+sfuhft+%3AjLs%5BtL+M.jpg "af]nkq . k|:tfj cfJxfg;DaGwL sfuhft tof/ ePkl5 To:tf] sfuhft ;DalGwt ;fj{hlgs lgsfosf k|d vn] :jLs[t ug{ kg]{ -lgod $&_. /sdsf] cfwf/df tfn s clwsf/Laf6 nfut cg dfgsf] :jLs[t ePklg sfuhftsf] :jLs[tL lgsfo k|d vaf6 g} x g kg]{ sfuhftsf] tof/L af]nkq . k|:tfj ; rgf k|sflzt ug { cl3 g} :jLs[t e} ; rgf k|sfzg x g] lbgdf laqmLsf] nflu cfjZos ;+Vofdf tof/ e} ;Sg kg]{ 20.")
21
af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhft hf/L . laqmL ubf{ hfFr ug'{ kg]{
Jfflif{s vl/b of]hgf M af]nkq sfuhft tof/ ug]{ ;do ;Ldf nfut cg'dfg :jLs[tL M af]nkq ug]{ ;dodf cBfjlws eP gePsf] ;"rgf k|sfzg M vl/b ljlwsf] cfwf/df cfjZos Dofb lbO{ af]nkq;DaGwL ;"rgf k|sfzg -Ps k6s_ ah]6 tyf >f]tsf] lgZrLttf M ge} vl/b sfo{ z'? ug'{ x'Fb}g t/ af]nkq sfuhft hf/L ug{ ;lsGf] af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhftdf sfof{non] lglZrt u/]sf] cfjZos ;a} sfuhftx? ;dfj]z eP gePsf] lglZrt ug'{ kg]{ -k"0f{ sfuhft_ af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhftsf] :jLs[t ug]{ clwsf/Laf6 :jLs[t e} ;s]sf] -lgod $&_ sfof{nosf] clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L - sfof{no jf vl/b PsfO{ k|d'v jf tf]lsPsf] cGo clwsf/L _ n] af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhftsf] k|To]s kfgfdf ;xL u/]sf] / sfof{nosf] 5fk nfu]sf] laqmL ug]{ tl/sf - af]nkqbftf cfkm} jf clws[t k|ltlglw, x'nfs, s'/Lo/ cflb_ af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhft laqmL ug]{ :yfgsf] lgwf{/0f -Ps jf ;f] eGbf a9L_ af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhftsf] laqmL b:t'/ -sfdsf] nfut cg'dfgsf] cfwf/df _ Af]fnkq;DaGwL sfuhft ;"rgf k|sfzg x'g] lbgdf g} laqmLsf] nflu tof/ Hff/L . laqmL ug]{ zfvf . OsfO{ - vl/b OsfO{_ 21
![af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhft hf/L . laqmL ubf{ hfFr ug { kg]{](http://slideplayer.com/slide/14157875/86/images/21/af%5Dnkq%3BDaGwL+sfuhft+hf%2FL+.+laqmL+ubf%7B+hfFr+ug+%7B+kg%5D%7B.jpg "Jfflif{s vl/b of]hgf M af]nkq sfuhft tof/ ug]{ ;do ;Ldf. nfut cg dfg :jLs[tL M af]nkq ug]{ ;dodf cBfjlws eP gePsf] ; rgf k|sfzg M vl/b ljlwsf] cfwf/df cfjZos Dofb lbO{ af]nkq;DaGwL ; rgf k|sfzg -Ps k6s_. ah]6 tyf >f]tsf] lgZrLttf M ge} vl/b sfo{ z ug { x Fb}g t/ af]nkq sfuhft hf/L ug{ ;lsGf] af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhftdf sfof{non] lglZrt u/]sf] cfjZos ;a} sfuhftx ;dfj]z eP gePsf] lglZrt ug { kg]{ -k 0f{ sfuhft_. af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhftsf] :jLs[t ug]{ clwsf/Laf6 :jLs[t e} ;s]sf] -lgod $&_. sfof{nosf] clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L - sfof{no jf vl/b PsfO{ k|d v jf tf]lsPsf] cGo clwsf/L _ n] af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhftsf] k|To]s kfgfdf ;xL u/]sf] / sfof{nosf] 5fk nfu]sf] laqmL ug]{ tl/sf - af]nkqbftf cfkm} jf clws[t k|ltlglw, x nfs, s /Lo/ cflb_. af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhft laqmL ug]{ :yfgsf] lgwf{/0f -Ps jf ;f] eGbf a9L_ af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhftsf] laqmL b:t / -sfdsf] nfut cg dfgsf] cfwf/df _. Af]fnkq;DaGwL sfuhft ; rgf k|sfzg x g] lbgdf g} laqmLsf] nflu tof/ Hff/L . laqmL ug]{ zfvf . OsfO{ - vl/b OsfO{_. 21.")
22
af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhft laqmL Joj:yf -bkmf !$_
sfuhft kfO{g] :yfg M af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft kfO{g] :yfg v'nfp“bf b'O{ jf b'O{ eGbf a9L ;fj{hlgs lgsfodf sfuhft kfO{g] Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{ k]z ug]{ jf k7fpg] :yfg M af]nkq;DaGwL k|:tfj k]z ug]{ jf k7fpg] :yfg v'nfp“bf Pp6} ;fj{hlgs lgsfodf dfq k]z ug]{ jf k7fpg] Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{ k]z ug{ jf k7fpg ;'/Iff Joj:yf M af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhft jf k|:tfj k]z ug{ jf k7fpgsf] nflu ;fj{hlgs lgsfo, af]nkqbftfn] ;'/Iff dfu u/]df ;DalGwt lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{non] clgjfo{?kdf ;'/Iffsf] Joj:yf t'?Gt ldnfO{ lbg' kg]{ 3/]n' k|fyldstf M cGt/f{li6«o :t/sf] af]nkq dfkm{t ug]{ vl/bdf g]kfnL pBdL tyf Joj;foLnfO{ tf]lsP adf]lhd 3/]n' k|fyldstf -8f]d]l:6s k|]km/]G;_ lbg ;Sg] / lbg] ePdf ;f] s'/f af]nkq cfÅjfgsf] ;"rgf / af]]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]v ug'{ kg]{ t/ lgdf{0f sfo{ vl/bsf] xsdf lgdf{0f Joj;fo adf]lhd k|fyldstf lbg ;lsg]
![af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhft laqmL Joj:yf -bkmf !$_](http://slideplayer.com/slide/14157875/86/images/22/af%5Dnkq%3BDaGwL+sfuhft+laqmL+Joj%3Ayf+-bkmf+%21%24_.jpg "sfuhft kfO{g] :yfg M af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft kfO{g] :yfg v nfp bf b O{ jf b O{ eGbf a9L ;fj{hlgs lgsfodf sfuhft kfO{g] Joj:yf ug { kg]{ k]z ug]{ jf k7fpg] :yfg M af]nkq;DaGwL k|:tfj k]z ug]{ jf k7fpg] :yfg v nfp bf Pp6} ;fj{hlgs lgsfodf dfq k]z ug]{ jf k7fpg] Joj:yf ug { kg]{ k]z ug{ jf k7fpg ; /Iff Joj:yf M af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhft jf k|:tfj k]z ug{ jf k7fpgsf] nflu ;fj{hlgs lgsfo, af]nkqbftfn] ; /Iff dfu u/]df ;DalGwt lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{non] clgjfo{ kdf ; /Iffsf] Joj:yf t Gt ldnfO{ lbg kg]{ 3/]n k|fyldstf M cGt/f{li6«o :t/sf] af]nkq dfkm{t ug]{ vl/bdf g]kfnL pBdL tyf Joj;foLnfO{ tf]lsP adf]lhd 3/]n k|fyldstf -8f]d]l:6s k|]km/]G;_ lbg ;Sg] / lbg] ePdf ;f] s /f af]nkq cfÅjfgsf] ; rgf / af]]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]v ug { kg]{ t/ lgdf{0f sfo{ vl/bsf] xsdf lgdf{0f Joj;fo adf]lhd k|fyldstf lbg ;lsg]")
23
af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhft laqmL ug]{ :yfg / t/Lsf
af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhft laqmL ug]{ :yfg b'O{ jf ;f] eGbf a9L :yfgdf ug{ ;lsg] laqmL ubf{ af]nkq . k|:tfj;DaGwL sfuhftdf l;nl;n]jf/ gDa/ pNn]v u/L s'g gDa/sf] af]nkq . k|:tfj sfuhft s'g JolSt kmd{ jf ;+:yfnfO{ laqmL ul/Psf] xf] ;f] laqmL lstfadf hgfpg' kg]{ af]nkqbftf . k|:tfjbftf jf lghsf] clws[t k|ltlglw cfkm} pkl:yt eP/ x'nfs jf s'/Lo/ dfkm{t k7fO{ lbg lnlvt cg'/f]w k|fKt ePdf x'nfs jf s'l/o/ dfkm{t af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhft k7fpg' kg]{] . t/ To;/L af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhft k7fpFbf ;dodf g}} k|fKt ug{ g;s]df ;f]sf nflu ;fj{hlgs lgsfo hjfkmb]xL gx'g] 23
![af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhft laqmL ug]{ :yfg / t/Lsf](http://slideplayer.com/slide/14157875/86/images/23/af%5Dnkq%3BDaGwL+sfuhft+laqmL+ug%5D%7B+%3Ayfg+%2F+t%2FLsf.jpg "af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhft laqmL ug]{ :yfg b O{ jf ;f] eGbf a9L :yfgdf ug{ ;lsg] laqmL ubf{ af]nkq . k|:tfj;DaGwL sfuhftdf l;nl;n]jf/ gDa/ pNn]v u/L s g gDa/sf] af]nkq . k|:tfj sfuhft s g JolSt kmd{ jf ;+:yfnfO{ laqmL ul/Psf] xf] ;f] laqmL lstfadf hgfpg kg]{ af]nkqbftf . k|:tfjbftf jf lghsf] clws[t k|ltlglw cfkm} pkl:yt eP/ x nfs jf s /Lo/ dfkm{t k7fO{ lbg lnlvt cg /f]w k|fKt ePdf x nfs jf s l/o/ dfkm{t af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhft k7fpg kg]{] . t/ To;/L af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhft k7fpFbf ;dodf g}} k|fKt ug{ g;s]df ;f]sf nflu ;fj{hlgs lgsfo hjfkmb]xL gx g] 23.")
24
dfldnf M Aff]nkq laqmL / b:t"/
lhNnfl:yt Ps lgdf{0f sfo{qmdsf] nflu /fli6«o af]nkq cfJxfg u/]sf]df af]nkq ;"rgfdf af]nkq laqmL ug]{ :yfg b'O{ 7fpFdf /flvPsf] . ;f] dWo] Ps lhNnfaf6 af]nkq vl/b ug]{ Af]fnkqbftfn] af]nkq jfktsf] b:t"/ sfof{nosf] ;DaGwLt a}+s vftfdf /sd hDdf ubf{ /fh:j hDdf ug]{ xfnsf] Joj:yf cg';f/ ;f] a}+sn] ;DaGwLt sfof{nosf] gg\ ck/]6Le vftfdf /sd hDdf ug'{ kg]{df ;f] a}+ssf] ljljw vftfdf /sd hDdf u/]sf] hfgsf/L x'g cfof] . o;n] ubf{ sfof{non] laqmL b:t"/ k|fKt gu/L g} af]nkq laqmL u/]sf] b]lvof] . Aff]nkqsf] d"NofFsg eO{/x]sf] ;dodf ;f] laqmL b:t'/ jfktsf] /sd sfof{nosf] vftfdf hDdf gePsf] hfgsf/L x'g cfPsf]n] ;f] af]nkqbftfn] sfof{noaf6 k|fKt u/]sf] af]nkq k|efju|fxL eP gePsf] låljwf pTkGg ePsf] 5 . o;/L af]nkq b:t"/ k|fKt gu/L af]nkq laqmL ePsf] af]nkqnfO{ k|efju|fxL Responsive _ dfGg ldN5 ls ldNb}g <
![dfldnf M Aff]nkq laqmL / b:t /](http://slideplayer.com/slide/14157875/86/images/24/dfldnf+M+Aff%5Dnkq+laqmL+%2F+b%3At+%2F.jpg "lhNnfl:yt Ps lgdf{0f sfo{qmdsf] nflu /fli6«o af]nkq cfJxfg u/]sf]df af]nkq ; rgfdf af]nkq laqmL ug]{ :yfg b O{ 7fpFdf /flvPsf] . ;f] dWo] Ps lhNnfaf6 af]nkq vl/b ug]{ Af]fnkqbftfn] af]nkq jfktsf] b:t / sfof{nosf] ;DaGwLt a}+s vftfdf /sd hDdf ubf{ /fh:j hDdf ug]{ xfnsf] Joj:yf cg ;f/ ;f] a}+sn] ;DaGwLt sfof{nosf] gg\ ck/]6Le vftfdf /sd hDdf ug { kg]{df ;f] a}+ssf] ljljw vftfdf /sd hDdf u/]sf] hfgsf/L x g cfof] . o;n] ubf{ sfof{non] laqmL b:t / k|fKt gu/L g} af]nkq laqmL u/]sf] b]lvof] . Aff]nkqsf] d NofFsg eO{/x]sf] ;dodf ;f] laqmL b:t / jfktsf] /sd sfof{nosf] vftfdf hDdf gePsf] hfgsf/L x g cfPsf]n] ;f] af]nkqbftfn] sfof{noaf6 k|fKt u/]sf] af]nkq k|efju|fxL eP gePsf] låljwf pTkGg ePsf] 5 . o;/L af]nkq b:t / k|fKt gu/L af]nkq laqmL ePsf] af]nkqnfO{ k|efju|fxL - Responsive _ dfGg ldN5 ls ldNb}g <")
25
lgdf{0f:ynsf] e|d0f af]nkq tof/ ug{ / vl/b ;Demf}tf ug{ cfjZos ;"rgf k|fKt ug{ af]nkqbftf cfkm} jf lghsf] sd{rf/L jf Ph]G6nfO{ cfkm\g} vr{df ;Defljt hf]lvd k|lt cfkm} pQ/bfoL x'g] u/L lgdf{0f :ynsf] e|d0f ug{ u/fpg ;Sg] ;fj{hlgs lgsfon] cfjZostfg';f/ lgdf{0f:ynsf] e|d0f ug{ cg'dlt lbg' kg]{ ePdf To:tf]] cg'dlt lbg' kg]{ ;fj{hlgs lgsfon] af]nkqbftfnfO{ lgdf{0f:ynsf] oyfy{ hfgsf/L lbg af]nkq k"j{sf] a}7s cl3 lgdf{0f:ynsf] e|d0f u/fpg ;Sg] Site Visit (SBD-Cl. 7) : The Bidder, at the Bidder’s own responsibility and risk, is encouraged to visit and examine the Site of Works and its surroundings to obtain all information that may be necessary for preparing the bid, and entering into a contract for construction of the Works. The costs of visiting the Site shall be at the Bidder’s own expense. 25
![lgdf{0f:ynsf] e|d0f](http://slideplayer.com/slide/14157875/86/images/25/lgdf%7B0f%3Aynsf%5D+e%7Cd0f.jpg "af]nkq tof/ ug{ / vl/b ;Demf}tf ug{ cfjZos ; rgf k|fKt ug{ af]nkqbftf cfkm} jf lghsf] sd{rf/L jf Ph]G6nfO{ cfkm\g} vr{df ;Defljt hf]lvd k|lt cfkm} pQ/bfoL x g] u/L lgdf{0f :ynsf] e|d0f ug{ u/fpg ;Sg] ;fj{hlgs lgsfon] cfjZostfg ;f/ lgdf{0f:ynsf] e|d0f ug{ cg dlt lbg kg]{ ePdf To:tf]] cg dlt lbg kg]{ ;fj{hlgs lgsfon] af]nkqbftfnfO{ lgdf{0f:ynsf] oyfy{ hfgsf/L lbg af]nkq k j{sf] a}7s cl3 lgdf{0f:ynsf] e|d0f u/fpg ;Sg] Site Visit (SBD-Cl. 7) : The Bidder, at the Bidder’s own responsibility and risk, is encouraged to visit and examine the Site of Works and its surroundings to. obtain all information that may be necessary for preparing the bid, and. entering into a contract for construction of the Works. The costs of visiting the Site shall be at the Bidder’s own expense. 25.")
26
Af]fnkq;DaGwL ljj/0f yk jf ;+zf]wg
af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhftdf sfuhft ljj/0f pNn]v ug{ 5'6]df jf :ki6 ?kdf pNn]v gePdf jf ;+zf]wg ug'{ k/]df af]nkq k]z ug]{ cjlwleq} /fli6«o :t/sf] b}lgs ;dfrf/kqdf / cGt/f{li6«o:t/sf] af]nkqsf] xsdf cGt/f{li6«o ;~rf/ dfWoddf k|sfzg u/L sfuhft pNn]v ug{, :ki6 ug{ jf ;+zf]wg ug{ ;Sg] sfuhftdf plNnlvt s'g} s'/fdf låljwf eO{ ;f] ;DaGWfdf :ki6 ug{ To:tf sfuhftdf pNn]v ePsf] ;dofjlwleq s'g} af]nkqbftfn] cg'/f]w u/]df ;fj{hlgs lgsfon] af]nkq k]z ug]{ jf k"j{ of]Uotfsf] k|:tfj k]z ug]{ clGtd Dofb ;dfKt x'g' cufj} To:tf] s'/fsf] hfgsf/L ;a} af]nkqbftfnfO{ lbg' kg]{ ;"rgf k|sfzg ubf{ af]nkqbftfnfO{ af]nkq k]z ug{ yk ;do cfjZos kg]{ ePdf af]nkq k]z ug]{ clGtd ;do ;d]t a9fpg' kg]{ ;f] cg';f/ sfuhft k]z gug]{ af]nkqbftfsf] af]nkq pk/ sf/afxL gx'g]
![Af]fnkq;DaGwL ljj/0f yk jf ;+zf]wg](http://slideplayer.com/slide/14157875/86/images/26/Af%5Dfnkq%3BDaGwL+ljj%2F0f+yk+jf+%3B%2Bzf%5Dwg.jpg "af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhftdf sfuhft ljj/0f pNn]v ug{ 5 6]df jf :ki6 kdf pNn]v gePdf jf ;+zf]wg ug { k/]df af]nkq k]z ug]{ cjlwleq} /fli6«o :t/sf] b}lgs ;dfrf/kqdf / cGt/f{li6«o:t/sf] af]nkqsf] xsdf cGt/f{li6«o ;~rf/ dfWoddf k|sfzg u/L sfuhft pNn]v ug{, :ki6 ug{ jf ;+zf]wg ug{ ;Sg] sfuhftdf plNnlvt s g} s /fdf låljwf eO{ ;f] ;DaGWfdf :ki6 ug{ To:tf sfuhftdf pNn]v ePsf] ;dofjlwleq s g} af]nkqbftfn] cg /f]w u/]df ;fj{hlgs lgsfon] af]nkq k]z ug]{ jf k j{ of]Uotfsf] k|:tfj k]z ug]{ clGtd Dofb ;dfKt x g cufj} To:tf] s /fsf] hfgsf/L ;a} af]nkqbftfnfO{ lbg kg]{ ; rgf k|sfzg ubf{ af]nkqbftfnfO{ af]nkq k]z ug{ yk ;do cfjZos kg]{ ePdf af]nkq k]z ug]{ clGtd ;do ;d]t a9fpg kg]{ ;f] cg ;f/ sfuhft k]z gug]{ af]nkqbftfsf] af]nkq pk/ sf/afxL gx g]")
27
Amendment of Bidding Documents (SBD-Cl. 10)
Before the deadline for submission of Bids, the Employer may modify the Bidding documents by issuing addenda. Any addendum thus issued shall be: part of the Bidding documents and communicated in writing or by fax to all purchasers of the Bidding documents. Prospective Bidders shall acknowledge receipt of each addendum by fax to the Employer To give prospective Bidders reasonable time in which to take an addendum into account in preparing their Bids, the Employer shall extend, as necessary, the deadline for submission of Bids It is therefore important that the Employer maintain a complete and accurate list of recipients of the Bidding documents and their addresses.
28
af]nkq k]z ug'{ k"j{sf] a}7s M
;fj{hlgs lgsfon] af]nkqbftfnfO{ af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhft, k|fljlws :k]l;lkms]zg, lgdf{0f:yn jf cGo o:t} s'/f ;DaGwL hfgsf/L u/fpg af]nkq k]z ug]{ clGtd lbgeGbf /fli6«o:t/sf] af]nkq cfXjfgsf] ;"rgfsf] xsdf sDtLdf bz lbg / cGt/f{li6«o:t/sf] af]nkq cfXjfgsf] ;"rgfsf] xsdf sDtLdf kGw| lbg cufj} af]nkqbftfx?sf] a}7ssf] cfof]hgf ug{ ;Sg]5 . a}7sdf af]nkqbftfn] vl/b sf/afxL ;DaGwL s'g} k|Zg jf lh1f;f /fVg ;Sg]5 / To:tf] lgsfon] k|Zgstf{x?sf] >f]t pNn]v gu/L ;a} af]nkqbftfnfO{ To:tf] k|Zg jf lh1f;fsf] hjfkm / a}7ssf] dfO{Go'6 oyflz3| pknJw u/fpg' kg]{ a}7saf6 af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhftsf] s'g} k|fljlws jf Jofkfl/s kIfdf x]/km]/ ug'{ kg]{ b]lvPdf ;fj{hlgs lgsfon] ;f] sfuhftdf ;f]xL adf]lhd ;+zf]wg u/L af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft vl/b ug]{ ;a} af]nkqbftfnfO{ To:tf] ;+zf]wg ul/Psf] Aoxf]/f To:tf] a}7s ePsf] k+Ffr lbgleq k7fpg' kg]{ 28
![af]nkq k]z ug { k j{sf] a}7s M](http://slideplayer.com/slide/14157875/86/images/28/af%5Dnkq+k%5Dz+ug+%7B+k+j%7Bsf%5D+a%7D7s+M.jpg ";fj{hlgs lgsfon] af]nkqbftfnfO{ af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhft, k|fljlws :k]l;lkms]zg, lgdf{0f:yn jf cGo o:t} s /f ;DaGwL hfgsf/L u/fpg. af]nkq k]z ug]{ clGtd lbgeGbf /fli6«o:t/sf] af]nkq cfXjfgsf] ; rgfsf] xsdf sDtLdf bz lbg / cGt/f{li6«o:t/sf] af]nkq cfXjfgsf] ; rgfsf] xsdf sDtLdf kGw| lbg cufj} af]nkqbftfx sf] a}7ssf] cfof]hgf ug{ ;Sg]5 . a}7sdf af]nkqbftfn] vl/b sf/afxL ;DaGwL s g} k|Zg jf lh1f;f /fVg ;Sg]5 / To:tf] lgsfon] k|Zgstf{x sf] >f]t pNn]v gu/L ;a} af]nkqbftfnfO{ To:tf] k|Zg jf lh1f;fsf] hjfkm / a}7ssf] dfO{Go 6 oyflz3| pknJw u/fpg kg]{ a}7saf6 af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhftsf] s g} k|fljlws jf Jofkfl/s kIfdf x]/km]/ ug { kg]{ b]lvPdf ;fj{hlgs lgsfon] ;f] sfuhftdf ;f]xL adf]lhd ;+zf]wg u/L af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft vl/b ug]{ ;a} af]nkqbftfnfO{ To:tf] ;+zf]wg ul/Psf] Aoxf]/f To:tf] a}7s ePsf] k+Ffr lbgleq k7fpg kg]{ 28.")
29
af]nkq k]zug]{ Joj:yf af]nkq jf k|:tfj tof/ ug{ jf k]z ug{ af]nkqbftfn] kof{Kt ;do kfpg] u/L ;do lgwf{/0f ug'{ kg]{ af]nkq jf k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL k|:tfj k]z ug{] clGtd ldlt / ;do lgwf{/0f ubf{ lgDg cg';f/ g36\g] u/L ug]{ Joj:yf /x]sf] /fli6«o :t/sf] af]nkq ;"rgfsf] xsdf sDtLdf tL; lbg cGt/f{li6«o :t/sf] af]nkq cfÅjfgsf] ;"rgfsf] xsdf sDtLdf k}+tfnL; lbgsf] cjlw ljB'tLo ;+rf/sf] dfWodaf6 af]nkq k]z ug]{ Joj:yf ePdf k]z ug]{ tl/sf ;fj{hlgs vl/b cg'udg sfof{noaf6 :jLs[t ljB'tLo vl/b k|0ffnL adf]lhd x'g] -P]gsf] bkmf # yk Mk|yd af6 yk_ 29
![af]nkq k]zug]{ Joj:yf af]nkq jf k|:tfj tof/ ug{ jf k]z ug{ af]nkqbftfn] kof{Kt ;do kfpg] u/L ;do lgwf{/0f ug { kg]{](http://slideplayer.com/slide/14157875/86/images/29/af%5Dnkq+k%5Dzug%5D%7B+Joj%3Ayf+af%5Dnkq+jf+k%7C%3Atfj+tof%2F+ug%7B+jf+k%5Dz+ug%7B+af%5Dnkqbftfn%5D+kof%7BKt+%3Bdo+kfpg%5D+u%2FL+%3Bdo+lgwf%7B%2F0f+ug+%7B+kg%5D%7B.jpg "af]nkq jf k j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL k|:tfj k]z ug{] clGtd ldlt / ;do lgwf{/0f ubf{ lgDg cg ;f/ g36\g] u/L ug]{ Joj:yf /x]sf] /fli6«o :t/sf] af]nkq ; rgfsf] xsdf sDtLdf tL; lbg. cGt/f{li6«o :t/sf] af]nkq cfÅjfgsf] ; rgfsf] xsdf sDtLdf k}+tfnL; lbgsf] cjlw. ljB tLo ;+rf/sf] dfWodaf6 af]nkq k]z ug]{ Joj:yf ePdf k]z ug]{ tl/sf ;fj{hlgs vl/b cg udg sfof{noaf6 :jLs[t ljB tLo vl/b k|0ffnL adf]lhd x g] -P]gsf] bkmf # yk Mk|yd af6 yk_. 29.")
30
af]nkq k]zug]{ af]nkq jf k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL k|:tfj k]z ug]{ jf k7fpg] :yfg v'nfp+bf Pp6} ;fj{hlgs lgsfodf dfq k]z ug]{ jf k7fpg] Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{ af]nkq jf k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL k|:tfj k]z ug{ jf k7fpgsf] nflu s'g} ;fj{hlgs lgsfo, af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfn] ;'/Iff dfu u/]df ;DalGwt lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{non] clgjfo{?kdf ;'/Iffsf] Joj:yf t'?Gt ldnfO{ lbg' kg]{ af]nkq jf k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] k|:tfj k]z ubf{ k"j{ of]Uotf , af]nkq jf k|:tfj cfJxfg;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]v eP adf]lhdsf] d"n k|lt / cfjZostfg';f/sf] 5fofFskL k]z ug{ pNn]v ug'{ kg]{ 30
![af]nkq k]zug]{ af]nkq jf k j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL k|:tfj k]z ug]{ jf k7fpg] :yfg v nfp+bf Pp6} ;fj{hlgs lgsfodf dfq k]z ug]{ jf k7fpg] Joj:yf ug { kg]{](http://slideplayer.com/slide/14157875/86/images/30/af%5Dnkq+k%5Dzug%5D%7B+af%5Dnkq+jf+k+j%7B+of%5DUotf+%3BDaGwL+k%7C%3Atfj+k%5Dz+ug%5D%7B+jf+k7fpg%5D+%3Ayfg+v+nfp%2Bbf+Pp6%7D+%3Bfj%7Bhlgs+lgsfodf+dfq+k%5Dz+ug%5D%7B+jf+k7fpg%5D+Joj%3Ayf+ug+%7B+kg%5D%7B.jpg "af]nkq jf k j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL k|:tfj k]z ug{ jf k7fpgsf] nflu s g} ;fj{hlgs lgsfo, af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfn] ; /Iff dfu u/]df ;DalGwt lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{non] clgjfo{ kdf ; /Iffsf] Joj:yf t Gt ldnfO{ lbg kg]{ af]nkq jf k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] k|:tfj k]z ubf{ k j{ of]Uotf , af]nkq jf k|:tfj cfJxfg;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]v eP adf]lhdsf] d n k|lt / cfjZostfg ;f/sf] 5fofFskL k]z ug{ pNn]v ug { kg]{ 30.")
31
‘Vffgtnf;L’df ;}Go clwsf/L
Pp6f t x'nfssf sf/0f btf{ eof] t/ km]l/ csf]{ btf{ gxf];\ eg]/ pgLx? & ut] lbgel/ t}gfy lyP . Aff6f] lxF8\g]hltsf] ‘vfgtnf;L’ lnPsf lyP . pgLx?n] ToxLaLrdf df]6/;fOsn r9]/ l;len n'ufdf !$ g+ aflxgLtkm{ uO/x]sf k|d'v ;]gfgL u'?ªnfO{ pgLx?n] /f]s], jl/kl/af6 3]/f klg xfn] . pgL;Fu gfd dfq ;f]lwPg, hfg] 7fpFsf af/]df klg ;f]lwof] . pgnfO{ klg 6]G8/ eg{ cfPsf] eG7fg]/ /f]lsPsf] /x]5, emf]nf;d]t x]/]kl5 pgnfO{ 5fl8lbP . u'?ª ;/f;/ leq eP/ sfnLaxfb'/ u0fdf l/kf]6{ u/] . ;]gfsf] Pp6f 6f]nL tTsfn r]shfFr:yndf k7fOof] . s0f]{nsf] z/L/ vfgtnf;L ul//x]sf] 6'n'6'n' x]/]/ a;]sf] uf}zfnf k|X/Lsf] Pp6f 6f]nLnfO{ ;]gfn] ufnL dffq u/]g, 5fd5'd ug]{=======sdfG8/nfO{ ws]Nb} u]6aflx/ k'¥ofOlbof] . ============== sd{ x]/]/ a;]sf k|x/Ldf klg o;kl5 eg] pT;fx ylkof] / pgLx? klg ========= 7]Ng vl6P . ;;fef/ M g]kfn /fli6Èo ;fKtflxs, cfOtjf/,
32
dfldnfM ;+o'St pkqmdn] af]nkq k]z ubf{ km/s kf/]sf]
lhNnfl:yt Ps sfof{non] lgdf{0f;DaGwL sfo{sf] nflu af]nkq cfJxfg u/]sf]df & j6f af]nkq laqmL ePsf] Af]fnkq laqmL ubf{ A,B,C,D,E,F,G n] Psn ?kdf af]nkq vl/b u/]sf]df af]nkq k]z ug]{ clGtd lbgdf A sDkgLn] Z sDkgL;+u ldn]/ ;+o'St pkqmdsf] ?kdf k]z u/]sf] 5 . Vfl/b ug]{ sDkgLx? dWo]sf] ge} laqmL /lhi6/df gfd g} gePsf] t/ af]nkq laqmL ePsf] Ps sDkgL;+u A-Z Joint Venture +sDkgLsf] gfddf af]nkq k]z u/]sf]n] ;f] af]nkqsf] dfGotf af/]df låljwf kg{ uPsf] 5 . ;fj{hlgs vl/b sfg"gn] af]nkq Psn jf ;+o'St pkqmdsf] ?kdf af]nkq k]z ug{ ;lsg] JoJf:yf u/]sf] 5 . o; cj:yfdf pSt A-Z Joint Venture Company n] k]z u/]sf] af]nkq dfGo x'G5 x'Fb}g < Refer Clause PPR Rule -^)-3_
![dfldnfM ;+o St pkqmdn] af]nkq k]z ubf{ km/s kf/]sf]](http://slideplayer.com/slide/14157875/86/images/32/dfldnfM+%3B%2Bo+St+pkqmdn%5D+af%5Dnkq+k%5Dz+ubf%7B+km%2Fs+kf%2F%5Dsf%5D.jpg "lhNnfl:yt Ps sfof{non] lgdf{0f;DaGwL sfo{sf] nflu af]nkq cfJxfg u/]sf]df & j6f af]nkq laqmL ePsf] Af]fnkq laqmL ubf{ A,B,C,D,E,F,G n] Psn kdf af]nkq vl/b u/]sf]df af]nkq k]z ug]{ clGtd lbgdf A sDkgLn] Z sDkgL;+u ldn]/ ;+o St pkqmdsf] kdf k]z u/]sf] 5 . Vfl/b ug]{ sDkgLx dWo]sf] ge} laqmL /lhi6/df gfd g} gePsf] t/ af]nkq laqmL ePsf] Ps sDkgL;+u A-Z Joint Venture +sDkgLsf] gfddf af]nkq k]z u/]sf]n] ;f] af]nkqsf] dfGotf af/]df låljwf kg{ uPsf] 5 . ;fj{hlgs vl/b sfg gn] af]nkq Psn jf ;+o St pkqmdsf] kdf af]nkq k]z ug{ ;lsg] JoJf:yf u/]sf] 5 . o; cj:yfdf pSt A-Z Joint Venture Company n] k]z u/]sf] af]nkq dfGo x G5 x Fb}g < Refer Clause PPR Rule -^)-3_.")
33
af]nkq lkmtf{ jf ;+zf]wg -bkmf !(,lgod %*-rf}yf] ;+zf]wg__
ljB'tLo af]nkq jf k|:tfjsf] xsdf k]z ug]{ clGtd ;dofjlw;Dd ljB'tLo ;+rf/ dfWodaf6 lkmtf{ jf ;+zf]wg ug{ ;lsg] ljB'tLo af]nkq jf k|:tfj afx]s cGo tl/sfaf6 af]nkq jf k|:tfj k]z ug]{sf] xsdf clGtd ;do ;dfKt x'g' 306f cufj} l;naGbL lgj]bgsf] vfdsf] aflx/ lgDg s'/f n]vL lkmtf{ jf ;+zf]wgsf] nflu lgj]bg lbg' kg]{ M af]nkq jf k|:tfjsf] ljifo lgsfo jf clwsf/Lsf] gfd / 7]ufgf ;+zf]wg jf lkmtf{ dfu ul/Psf] ljifo af]nkq jf k|:tfj vf]Ng] lbg / ;dodf dfq vf]Ng' kg]{ lgj]bg Ps k6s eGbf a9L lbg gkfO{g] Psk6s ;+zf]wg eO{;s]sf] jf]nkq jf k|:tfj lkmtf{ lng g;lsg] af]nkq jf k|:tfj k]z ubf{ h'g dfWodaf6 k]z u/]sf] xf] ;f]xL dfWodaf6 dfq lkmtf{ jf ;+zf]wg ug{ ;Sg] / km/s dfWodaf6 k]z u/]sf] lgj]bg pk/ sf/jfxL gx'g]
![af]nkq lkmtf{ jf ;+zf]wg -bkmf !(,lgod %*-rf}yf] ;+zf]wg__](http://slideplayer.com/slide/14157875/86/images/33/af%5Dnkq+lkmtf%7B+jf+%3B%2Bzf%5Dwg+-bkmf+%21%28%2Clgod+%25%2A-rf%7Dyf%5D+%3B%2Bzf%5Dwg__.jpg "ljB tLo af]nkq jf k|:tfjsf] xsdf k]z ug]{ clGtd ;dofjlw;Dd ljB tLo ;+rf/ dfWodaf6 lkmtf{ jf ;+zf]wg ug{ ;lsg] ljB tLo af]nkq jf k|:tfj afx]s cGo tl/sfaf6 af]nkq jf k|:tfj k]z ug]{sf] xsdf clGtd ;do ;dfKt x g 306f cufj} l;naGbL lgj]bgsf] vfdsf] aflx/ lgDg s /f n]vL lkmtf{ jf ;+zf]wgsf] nflu lgj]bg lbg kg]{ M. af]nkq jf k|:tfjsf] ljifo. lgsfo jf clwsf/Lsf] gfd / 7]ufgf. ;+zf]wg jf lkmtf{ dfu ul/Psf] ljifo. af]nkq jf k|:tfj vf]Ng] lbg / ;dodf dfq vf]Ng kg]{ lgj]bg Ps k6s eGbf a9L lbg gkfO{g] Psk6s ;+zf]wg eO{;s]sf] jf]nkq jf k|:tfj lkmtf{ lng g;lsg] af]nkq jf k|:tfj k]z ubf{ h g dfWodaf6 k]z u/]sf] xf] ;f]xL dfWodaf6 dfq lkmtf{ jf ;+zf]wg ug{ ;Sg] / km/s dfWodaf6 k]z u/]sf] lgj]bg pk/ sf/jfxL gx g]")
34
af]nkq vf]Ng] Joj:yf M -bkmf @@ . lgod %(_
af]nkq k]z ug]{ clGtd ldlt / ;do ;dfKt ePsf] nuQ} ;f]xL lbg Jff]]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf plNnlvt ;do / :yfgdf vf]Ng' kg]{ vl/b PsfO{ clwsf/Lsf] ;+of]hsTjdf sDtLdf b'O{ hgf ;b:o /xg] ;ldlt u7g u/L af]nkqbftf jf lghsf] k|ltlglwsf] /f]xa/df k"j{ lgwf{/Lt ;dodf af]nkq jf k|:tfjPs :yfgdf dfq af]nkq vf]Ng' kg]{ af]nkq vf]Ng' cl3 ;fj{hlgs lgsfon] lgDgfg';f/ 5'6\ofpg' kb{5 M != Dofb gf3L k|fKt x'g cfPsf] af]nkqsf] vfd, @= af]nkq lkmtf{ jf ;+zf]wg ug{sf] nflu lbOPsf] lgj]bgsf] vfd #= /Ltk"j{s btf{ ePsf af]nkqsf] vfdnfO{ 5'6\ofO{ Dofb gf3L k|fKt x'g cfPsf af]nkq gvf]ln ;DalGwt af]nkqbftfnfO{ lkmtf{ ug'{ kg]{ / lkmtf{ ubf{ ;f]sf] Joxf]/f, ldlt / ;do ;d]t v'nfO{ vl/b sf/afxLsf] k|ltj]bg -af]nkq d"Nof+sg k|ltj]bg _ tof/ ug'{ kg]{ 34
![af]nkq vf]Ng] Joj:yf M -bkmf . lgod %(_](http://slideplayer.com/slide/14157875/86/images/34/af%5Dnkq+vf%5DNg%5D+Joj%3Ayf+M+-bkmf+.+lgod+%25%28_.jpg "af]nkq k]z ug]{ clGtd ldlt / ;do ;dfKt ePsf] nuQ} ;f]xL lbg Jff]]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf plNnlvt ;do / :yfgdf vf]Ng kg]{ vl/b PsfO{ clwsf/Lsf] ;+of]hsTjdf sDtLdf b O{ hgf ;b:o /xg] ;ldlt u7g u/L af]nkqbftf jf lghsf] k|ltlglwsf] /f]xa/df k j{ lgwf{/Lt ;dodf af]nkq jf k|:tfjPs :yfgdf dfq af]nkq vf]Ng kg]{ af]nkq vf]Ng cl3 ;fj{hlgs lgsfon] lgDgfg ;f/ 5 6\ofpg kb{5 M. != Dofb gf3L k|fKt x g cfPsf] af]nkqsf] af]nkq lkmtf{ jf ;+zf]wg ug{sf] nflu lbOPsf] lgj]bgsf] vfd. #= /Ltk j{s btf{ ePsf af]nkqsf] vfdnfO{ 5 6\ofO{ Dofb gf3L k|fKt x g cfPsf af]nkq gvf]ln ;DalGwt af]nkqbftfnfO{ lkmtf{ ug { kg]{ / lkmtf{ ubf{ ;f]sf] Joxf]/f, ldlt / ;do ;d]t v nfO{ vl/b sf/afxLsf] k|ltj]bg -af]nkq d Nof+sg k|ltj]bg _ tof/ ug { kg]{ 34.")
35
af]nkq vf]Ng] k|s[of lkmtf{ ug{ dfu u/]sf] af]nkqsf] vfd vf]nL To:tf] af]nkqbftfsf]] gfd k9]/ ;'gfpg' kg]{5 af]nkq ;+zf]wg ug{sf] nflu lbOPsf ;j} vfd vf]nL To:tf vfdleq /x]sf] Aoxf]/f k9]/ ;'gfpg' kg]{ bflvnf ePsf af]nkq qmd};+u vf]nL To:tf] af]nkqsf] b]xfosf] s'/f k9]/ ;'gfO{ ;f]sf] d'r'Nsf tof/ u/L pkl:yt af]nkqbftf jf k|ltlglwsf] b:tvt u/fpg' kg]{ M– -s_ af]nkqbftfsf] gfd / 7]ufgf, -v_ af]nkqsf] saf]n cÍ -u_ af]nkqdf s'g} 5'6 lbg k|:tfj ul/Psf] eP ;f]sf] Joxf]/f, -3_ k|fljlws :k]l;lkms]zgsf] ljsNk k|:tfj ul/Psf] eP ;f]sf] saf]n cÍ, -ª_ af]nkq hdfgt eP jf gePsf], cÍ / cIf/sf aLr leGgtf eP ;f] leGgtfsf] ljj/0f, af]nkq kmf/fd -n]6/ ckm la8_ / d"No ;"rL -k|fO{; ;]8\o'n_ df af]nkqbftf jf lghsf] k|ltlglwsf] x:tfIf/ eP jf gePsf], s]/d]6 ePsf] jf ;RofO{Psf] :yfgdf af]nkqbftf jf lghsf] k|ltlglwsf] x:tfIf/ eP jf gePsf] af]nkq kmf/fddf af]nkqbftfn] s'g} s}lkmot pNn]v u/]sf] eP ;f]sf] Joxf]/f / b//]6 ljj/0f - Rate Analysis _ dfu u/]sf] eP ;f]sf] ljj/0f, / ;fj{hlgs lgsfon] pko'Qm 7fg]sf] cGo cfjZos s'/f . af]nkq vf]Nbfsf] ;dodf af]]nkq :jLs[t jf c:jLs[t ug]{ lg0f{o ug{ ;lsg] 5}g .
![af]nkq vf]Ng] k|s[of lkmtf{ ug{ dfu u/]sf] af]nkqsf] vfd vf]nL To:tf] af]nkqbftfsf]] gfd k9]/ ; gfpg kg]{5.](http://slideplayer.com/slide/14157875/86/images/35/af%5Dnkq+vf%5DNg%5D+k%7Cs%5Bof+lkmtf%7B+ug%7B+dfu+u%2F%5Dsf%5D+af%5Dnkqsf%5D+vfd+vf%5DnL+To%3Atf%5D+af%5Dnkqbftfsf%5D%5D+gfd+k9%5D%2F+%3B+gfpg+kg%5D%7B5..jpg "af]nkq ;+zf]wg ug{sf] nflu lbOPsf ;j} vfd vf]nL To:tf vfdleq /x]sf] Aoxf]/f k9]/ ; gfpg kg]{ bflvnf ePsf af]nkq qmd};+u vf]nL To:tf] af]nkqsf] b]xfosf] s /f k9]/ ; gfO{ ;f]sf] d r Nsf tof/ u/L pkl:yt af]nkqbftf jf k|ltlglwsf] b:tvt u/fpg kg]{ M– -s_ af]nkqbftfsf] gfd / 7]ufgf, -v_ af]nkqsf] saf]n cÍ. -u_ af]nkqdf s g} 5 6 lbg k|:tfj ul/Psf] eP ;f]sf] Joxf]/f, -3_ k|fljlws :k]l;lkms]zgsf] ljsNk k|:tfj ul/Psf] eP ;f]sf] saf]n cÍ, -ª_ af]nkq hdfgt eP jf gePsf], cÍ / cIf/sf aLr leGgtf eP ;f] leGgtfsf] ljj/0f, af]nkq kmf/fd -n]6/ ckm la8_ / d No ; rL -k|fO{; ;]8\o n_ df af]nkqbftf jf lghsf] k|ltlglwsf] x:tfIf/ eP jf gePsf], s]/d]6 ePsf] jf ;RofO{Psf] :yfgdf af]nkqbftf jf lghsf] k|ltlglwsf] x:tfIf/ eP jf gePsf] af]nkq kmf/fddf af]nkqbftfn] s g} s}lkmot pNn]v u/]sf] eP ;f]sf] Joxf]/f / b//]6 ljj/0f - Rate Analysis _ dfu u/]sf] eP ;f]sf] ljj/0f, / ;fj{hlgs lgsfon] pko Qm 7fg]sf] cGo cfjZos s /f . af]nkq vf]Nbfsf] ;dodf af]]nkq :jLs[t jf c:jLs[t ug]{ lg0f{o ug{ ;lsg] 5}g .")
36
Aff]nkq hdfgt -lgodM%#_
af]nkq Hfdfgt /sd M ;a} af]nkqbftfx?nfO{ ;dfg ?kn] nfu" x'g] u/L :jLs[t nfut cg'dfg b]lv # k|ltzt /sdsf] ;Ldf leq /xL lgZrLt /sd tf]sL af]nkq ;'rgfdf g} pNn]v ug'{ kg]{ -gub} jf afl0fHo a}+sn] hf/L u/]sf] a}+s hdfgt_ af]nkq Hfdfgtsf] dfGo cjlw M af]nkqsf] dfGo cjlweGbf sDtLdf tL; lbg a9Lsf] x'g' kg]{ dfGo x'g] gx'g] hjfkm lbg' kg]{ M vf; jfl0fHo a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] hf/L u/]sf] af]nkq hdfgt u|fXo x'g] gx'g] eGg] s'/f v'nfO{ lbg cg'/f]w u/]df ;f] ;DaGwdf tTsfn} hjfkm lbg' kg]{ k|lt–k|Tofe"lt -sfpG6/ Uof/]G6L_ M ljb]zL a}+sn] hf/L u/]sf] af]nkq hdfgt g]kfn leqsf] jfl0fHo a}sn] k|lt–k|Tofe"lt -sfpG6/ Uof/]G6L_ u/]sf] x'g' kg]{ dfGo x'g] cjlw a9fpg' kg]{ M af]nkqsf] dfGo x'g] cjlwleq vl/b ;Demf}tf ug{ g;lsg] ePdf /Lt k'u]sf ;a} af]nkqbftfx?nfO{ af]nkqsf] dfGo x'g] cjlw a9fpg kq k7fpg' kg]{
![Aff]nkq hdfgt -lgodM%#_](http://slideplayer.com/slide/14157875/86/images/36/Aff%5Dnkq+hdfgt+-lgodM%25%23_.jpg "af]nkq Hfdfgt /sd M ;a} af]nkqbftfx nfO{ ;dfg kn] nfu x g] u/L :jLs[t nfut cg dfg b]lv # k|ltzt /sdsf] ;Ldf leq /xL lgZrLt /sd tf]sL af]nkq ; rgfdf g} pNn]v ug { kg]{ -gub} jf afl0fHo a}+sn] hf/L u/]sf] a}+s hdfgt_. af]nkq Hfdfgtsf] dfGo cjlw M af]nkqsf] dfGo cjlweGbf sDtLdf tL; lbg a9Lsf] x g kg]{ dfGo x g] gx g] hjfkm lbg kg]{ M vf; jfl0fHo a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] hf/L u/]sf] af]nkq hdfgt u|fXo x g] gx g] eGg] s /f v nfO{ lbg cg /f]w u/]df ;f] ;DaGwdf tTsfn} hjfkm lbg kg]{ k|lt–k|Tofe lt -sfpG6/ Uof/]G6L_ M ljb]zL a}+sn] hf/L u/]sf] af]nkq hdfgt g]kfn leqsf] jfl0fHo a}sn] k|lt–k|Tofe lt -sfpG6/ Uof/]G6L_ u/]sf] x g kg]{ dfGo x g] cjlw a9fpg kg]{ M af]nkqsf] dfGo x g] cjlwleq vl/b ;Demf}tf ug{ g;lsg] ePdf /Lt k u]sf ;a} af]nkqbftfx nfO{ af]nkqsf] dfGo x g] cjlw a9fpg kq k7fpg kg]{")
37
Aff]nkq hdfgt== af]nkq hdfgt k]z gu/]df af]nkqsf] dfGo x'g] cjlw a9fPsf] gdflgg] M af]nkqsf] dfGo x'g] cjlw a9fpg] jf ga9fpg] eGg] ;DaGwdf af]nkqbftfn] lg0f{o ug{ ;Sg] / af]nkqsf] dfGo x'g] cjlw ga9fpg] af]nkqbftfsf] af]nkq hdfgt hkmt ug{ gkfO{g] t/ af]nkqsf] dfGo x'g] cjlw a9fpg] af]nkqbftfn] ;f]xL cg'?k ;DalGwt a}+saf6 dfGo cjlw ;d]t yk u/L af]nkq hdfgt k]z ug'{ kg]{ t/ cjlw yk u/L af]nkq hdfgt k]z gu/]df af]nkqsf] dfGo x'g] cjlw a9fPsf] gdflgg] ;do leq bfjL ug]{ M af]nkq hdfgt hkmt ePsf] cj:yfdf af]nkqbftfn] /fv]sf] hdfgt /sd e'QmfgL ug{ To:tf] hdfgt hf/L ug]{ a}+s ;dIf hdfgt dfGo /xg] cjlw leq} bfjL ug'{ kg]{ af]nkq hdfgt lkmtf{ ug'{ kg]{ M hkmt ug'{ kg]{ af]nkq hdfgt afx]s cGo af]nkq hdfgt vl/b ;Demf}tf ePsf] tLg lbgleq ;DalGwt af]nkqbftfnfO{ lkmtf{ ug{' kg]{
![Aff]nkq hdfgt==](http://slideplayer.com/slide/14157875/86/images/37/Aff%5Dnkq+hdfgt%3D%3D.jpg "af]nkq hdfgt k]z gu/]df af]nkqsf] dfGo x g] cjlw a9fPsf] gdflgg] M af]nkqsf] dfGo x g] cjlw a9fpg] jf ga9fpg] eGg] ;DaGwdf af]nkqbftfn] lg0f{o ug{ ;Sg] / af]nkqsf] dfGo x g] cjlw ga9fpg] af]nkqbftfsf] af]nkq hdfgt hkmt ug{ gkfO{g] t/ af]nkqsf] dfGo x g] cjlw a9fpg] af]nkqbftfn] ;f]xL cg k ;DalGwt a}+saf6 dfGo cjlw ;d]t yk u/L af]nkq hdfgt k]z ug { kg]{ t/ cjlw yk u/L af]nkq hdfgt k]z gu/]df af]nkqsf] dfGo x g] cjlw a9fPsf] gdflgg] ;do leq bfjL ug]{ M af]nkq hdfgt hkmt ePsf] cj:yfdf af]nkqbftfn] /fv]sf] hdfgt /sd e QmfgL ug{ To:tf] hdfgt hf/L ug]{ a}+s ;dIf hdfgt dfGo /xg] cjlw leq} bfjL ug { kg]{ af]nkq hdfgt lkmtf{ ug { kg]{ M hkmt ug { kg]{ af]nkq hdfgt afx]s cGo af]nkq hdfgt vl/b ;Demf}tf ePsf] tLg lbgleq ;DalGwt af]nkqbftfnfO{ lkmtf{ ug{ kg]{")
38
af]nkq hdfgt hkmt ug]{ Joj:yf -bkmfM@!_
Aff]nkq hdfgt hkmt x'g] cj:yfx? M– -s_ af]nkq k]z ug]{ clGtd ldlt / ;do kl5 af]nkq dfGo x'g] cjlwleq af]nkqbftfn] af]]nkq ;+zf]wg jf lkmtf{ ug{ dfu u/]df, -v_ af]nkqdf b]lvPsf] c°ul0ftLo q'l6 ;RofOPsf] s'/f af]nkqbftfn] :jLsf/ gu/]df, -u_ 5gf}6 ePsf] af]nkqbftfn] vl/b ;Demf}tf gu/]df, -3_ vl/b ;Demf}tf ug]{ Dofbleq sfo{;Dkfbg hdfgt lbg g;s]df, -ª_ af]nkq k/LIf0fsf] l;nl;nfdf vl/b lgsfon] dfu u/]sf] s'g} hfgsf/L lbFbf af]nkqbftfn] af]nkqsf] d"No jf ;f/e"t s'/f kl/jt{g u/]df, -r_ cfr/0f ljk/Lt sfd u/]df . vl/b ;Demf}tf ;DkGg eP kl5 ;Demf}tf ug]{ af]nkqbftf tyf hdfgt hkmt ug'{ gkg]{ af]nkqbftfsf] af]nkq hdfgt lkmtf{ ug'{' kg]{ 38
![af]nkq hdfgt hkmt ug]{ Joj:yf](http://slideplayer.com/slide/14157875/86/images/38/af%5Dnkq+hdfgt+hkmt+ug%5D%7B+Joj%3Ayf.jpg "Aff]nkq hdfgt hkmt x g] cj:yfx M– -s_ af]nkq k]z ug]{ clGtd ldlt / ;do kl5 af]nkq dfGo x g] cjlwleq af]nkqbftfn] af]]nkq ;+zf]wg jf lkmtf{ ug{ dfu u/]df, -v_ af]nkqdf b]lvPsf] c°ul0ftLo q l6 ;RofOPsf] s /f af]nkqbftfn] :jLsf/ gu/]df, -u_ 5gf}6 ePsf] af]nkqbftfn] vl/b ;Demf}tf gu/]df, -3_ vl/b ;Demf}tf ug]{ Dofbleq sfo{;Dkfbg hdfgt lbg g;s]df, -ª_ af]nkq k/LIf0fsf] l;nl;nfdf vl/b lgsfon] dfu u/]sf] s g} hfgsf/L lbFbf af]nkqbftfn] af]nkqsf] d No jf ;f/e t s /f kl/jt{g u/]df, -r_ cfr/0f ljk/Lt sfd u/]df . vl/b ;Demf}tf ;DkGg eP kl5 ;Demf}tf ug]{ af]nkqbftf tyf hdfgt hkmt ug { gkg]{ af]nkqbftfsf] af]nkq hdfgt lkmtf{ ug { kg]{ 38.")
39
af]nkq dfGo x'g] cjlw -bkmfM@)_
af]nkq dfGo x'g] cjlw af]nkq jf k|:tfj cfJxfg;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]v ug'{ kg]{ cjlw pNn]v ubf{ nfut cg'dfg cg';f/ cjlw tf]Sg' kg]{ -lgod M %$_ bz s/f]8 ?k}ofF;Dd M gAa] lbg bz s/f]8 ?k}ofF eGbf hlt ;'s} a9L M Ps ;o aL; lbg af]nkq dfGo x'g] cjlw - Bid validity period _ leq vl/b ;Demf}tf ;DkGg u/L ;Sg' kg]{ cjlwsf] u0fgf M af]nkq k]z ug]{ clGtd ldltaf6 k|f/De x'g] -zAb 5gf}6df Wofg lbg' kg]{ M From Submission Date ; not After submission date_ af]nkq dfGo x'g] cjlw a9fpg ;Sg] M af]nkq vf]n]kl5 af]nkq dfGo x'g] cjlw a9fpg' kg]{ ePdf ;f]sf] sf/0f v'nfO{ cfjZostfg';f/ af]nkq dfGo x'g] cjlw a9fpg ;Sg] af]nkq dfGo x'g] cjlw a9fpFbf ;DalGwt af]nkqbftfsf] d~h'/L lng' kg]{ af]nkq dfGo x'g] cjlw a9fpg d~h'/ ug]{ af]nkqbftfn] af]nkq hdfgtsf] cjlw af]nkq dfGo x'g] cjlw a9fP hlQs} cjlw a9fpg'' kg]{ af]nkq dfGo x'g] cjlw a9fpg d~h'/L glbg] af]nkqbftfsf] hdfgt lkmtf{ ug'{ kg]{
![af]nkq dfGo x g] cjlw](http://slideplayer.com/slide/14157875/86/images/39/af%5Dnkq+dfGo+x+g%5D+cjlw.jpg "af]nkq dfGo x g] cjlw af]nkq jf k|:tfj cfJxfg;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]v ug { kg]{ cjlw pNn]v ubf{ nfut cg dfg cg ;f/ cjlw tf]Sg kg]{ -lgod M %$_. bz s/f]8 k}ofF;Dd M gAa] lbg. bz s/f]8 k}ofF eGbf hlt ; s} a9L M Ps ;o aL; lbg. af]nkq dfGo x g] cjlw - Bid validity period _ leq vl/b ;Demf}tf ;DkGg u/L ;Sg kg]{ cjlwsf] u0fgf M af]nkq k]z ug]{ clGtd ldltaf6 k|f/De x g] -zAb 5gf}6df Wofg lbg kg]{ M From Submission Date ; not After submission date_. af]nkq dfGo x g] cjlw a9fpg ;Sg] M af]nkq vf]n]kl5 af]nkq dfGo x g] cjlw a9fpg kg]{ ePdf ;f]sf] sf/0f v nfO{ cfjZostfg ;f/ af]nkq dfGo x g] cjlw a9fpg ;Sg] af]nkq dfGo x g] cjlw a9fpFbf ;DalGwt af]nkqbftfsf] d~h /L lng kg]{ af]nkq dfGo x g] cjlw a9fpg d~h / ug]{ af]nkqbftfn] af]nkq hdfgtsf] cjlw af]nkq dfGo x g] cjlw a9fP hlQs} cjlw a9fpg kg]{ af]nkq dfGo x g] cjlw a9fpg d~h /L glbg] af]nkqbftfsf] hdfgt lkmtf{ ug { kg]{")
40
btf{ lstfj /fVg' kg]{ / ekf{O{ lbg' kg]{ -lgodM%^_
laqmL / btf{sf] clen]v M k"j{of]Uotf jf af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft jf k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] k|:tfjsf] laqmL / btf{sf] clen]v 5'§f 5'§} /fVg' kg]{ ldlt / ;do v'n]sf] ekf{O{ M af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftf cfkm} jf k|ltlglwn] k"j{of]Uotfsf] k|:tfj, af]nkq jf k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] k|:tfj k]z ug{ NofPdf a'lem lnO{ ldlt / ;do v'n]sf] ekf{O{ lbg' kg]{ vfddf btf{ gDa/ pNn]v ug'{ kg]{ M k|fKt ePsf] af]nkqsf] aflx/L vfddf btf{ lstfadf btf{ ePsf] btf{ gDa/ pNn]v ug'{ kg]{ lalqm / btf{lstfj aGb ug'{ kg]{ M af]nkq lalqm / btf{ x'g] ;do ;dfKt ePkl5 lgsfosf] k|d'v jf lghn] tf]s]sf] clws[t sd{rf/Ln] laqmL jf btf{ lstfjdf b:tvt u/L ;f] lstfj aGb ug'{ kg]{
![btf{ lstfj /fVg kg]{ / ekf{O{ lbg kg]{ -lgodM%^_](http://slideplayer.com/slide/14157875/86/images/40/btf%7B+lstfj+%2FfVg+kg%5D%7B+%2F+ekf%7BO%7B+lbg+kg%5D%7B+-lgodM%25%5E_.jpg "laqmL / btf{sf] clen]v M k j{of]Uotf jf af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft jf k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] k|:tfjsf] laqmL / btf{sf] clen]v 5 §f 5 §} /fVg kg]{ ldlt / ;do v n]sf] ekf{O{ M af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftf cfkm} jf k|ltlglwn] k j{of]Uotfsf] k|:tfj, af]nkq jf k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] k|:tfj k]z ug{ NofPdf a lem lnO{ ldlt / ;do v n]sf] ekf{O{ lbg kg]{ vfddf btf{ gDa/ pNn]v ug { kg]{ M k|fKt ePsf] af]nkqsf] aflx/L vfddf btf{ lstfadf btf{ ePsf] btf{ gDa/ pNn]v ug { kg]{ lalqm / btf{lstfj aGb ug { kg]{ M af]nkq lalqm / btf{ x g] ;do ;dfKt ePkl5 lgsfosf] k|d v jf lghn] tf]s]sf] clws[t sd{rf/Ln] laqmL jf btf{ lstfjdf b:tvt u/L ;f] lstfj aGb ug { kg]{")
41
af]nkq k/LIf0f, d"NofËg tyf o:sf r/0fx?
af]nkq, k"j{ of]Uotfsf] k|:tfj d"Nof°g ubf{ af]nkq . k"j{ of]Uotf . k|:tfj dfu;DaGwL sfuhftdf plNnlvt cfwf/ adf]lhd dfq d"Nof°g ug'{ kg]{D / d'NofFsgsf cfwf/x? e]befj lagf ;j} af]nkqbftfnfO{ ;dfg ?kn] nfu" x'g] ;fj{hlgs vl/b lgodfjnLsf] rf}yf] ;+zf]wg af6 kl/dfh{g of]Uotfsf] cfwf/ M k|fljlws k|:tfjsf] nflu lgod sf] of]Uotf to ug]{ cfk"lt{ ug]{ of]Uotfsf] cfwf/ -lgdf{0f Joj;foLsf] of]Uotfsf] cfwf/ -;+o'St pkqmdsf] of]Uotfsf] cfwf/_ cfly{s / ljlQo Ifdtf v'Ng] sfuhft dfu ug]{ - _ M P]gsf] bkmf !! adf]lhd Ps r/0fsf] v'nf af]nkq cfJxfg s/f]8 eGbf a9L Ps c/a ?k}of;Ddsf] nfut cg'dfg ePsf] lgdf{0f sfo{sf] vl/bdf -bkmf !% cg';f/sf] cGt//fli6o :t/sf] af]nkq afx]s_ :jb]zL af]nkqbftfx? aLr dfq k|lt:kwf{ u/fpg] -% c/a ;Dd_ Ps r/0fdf M k|fljlws / cfly{s k|:tfj b'O{ cnu cnu vfd -One Stage Two Envelope_ df /fvL l;naGbL u/L k|To]s vfd aflx/ k|:tfjsf] gfd pNn]v u/L csf]{ 5'6\6} vfddf l;naGbL u/L af]nkq k]z ug]{ r/0fa4 ?kdf d"NofFsg u/L kf; km]n -Pass-Fail_ub}{ of]Uo af]nkqbftf 5gf}6 ug]{ 41
![af]nkq k/LIf0f, d NofËg tyf o:sf r/0fx](http://slideplayer.com/slide/14157875/86/images/41/af%5Dnkq+k%2FLIf0f%2C+d+Nof%C3%8Bg+tyf+o%3Asf+r%2F0fx.jpg "af]nkq, k j{ of]Uotfsf] k|:tfj d Nof°g ubf{ af]nkq . k j{ of]Uotf . k|:tfj dfu;DaGwL sfuhftdf plNnlvt cfwf/ adf]lhd dfq d Nof°g ug { kg]{D / d NofFsgsf cfwf/x e]befj lagf ;j} af]nkqbftfnfO{ ;dfg kn] nfu x g] ;fj{hlgs vl/b lgodfjnLsf] rf}yf] ;+zf]wg af6 kl/dfh{g. of]Uotfsf] cfwf/ M k|fljlws k|:tfjsf] nflu lgod sf] of]Uotf to ug]{ cfk lt{ ug]{ of]Uotfsf] cfwf/ -lgdf{0f Joj;foLsf] of]Uotfsf] cfwf/ -;+o St pkqmdsf] of]Uotfsf] cfwf/_. cfly{s / ljlQo Ifdtf v Ng] sfuhft dfu ug]{ - _ M P]gsf] bkmf !! adf]lhd Ps r/0fsf] v nf af]nkq cfJxfg s/f]8 eGbf a9L Ps c/a k}of;Ddsf] nfut cg dfg ePsf] lgdf{0f sfo{sf] vl/bdf -bkmf !% cg ;f/sf] cGt//fli6o :t/sf] af]nkq afx]s_ :jb]zL af]nkqbftfx aLr dfq k|lt:kwf{ u/fpg] -% c/a ;Dd_. Ps r/0fdf M k|fljlws / cfly{s k|:tfj b O{ cnu cnu vfd -One Stage Two Envelope_ df /fvL l;naGbL u/L k|To]s vfd aflx/ k|:tfjsf] gfd pNn]v u/L csf]{ 5 6\6} vfddf l;naGbL u/L af]nkq k]z ug]{ r/0fa4 kdf d NofFsg u/L kf; km]n -Pass-Fail_ub}{ of]Uo af]nkqbftf 5gf}6 ug]{ 41.")
42
af]nkq k/LIf0f / d"NofFsg -Pass or Fail Criteria_
l;naGbL eO{ gcfPsf] Dofb leq k]z x'g gcfPsf] lkmtf{ lnPsf] af]nkq sfg"g adf]lhd af]nkq k]z ug{ of]Uo ePsf] k'i6\ofO{ k]z, k"0f{ sfuhft / ;xL5fk ePsf], hdfgt k]z / k|fljlws ljj/0f / zt{x? k"/f -bkmf gePsf] cfk;df ldn]dtf] u/L bflvnf k"j{of]Uotfsf s'/fx? ;f/e"t km/s k/L /2 ePsf] sf/jfxL gx'g] -d"NofFsg tyf k/LIf0fdf ;dfj]z gx'g]_ sf/jfxL x'g] gx'g] af]nkq 5'6\ofpg] sf/jfxL x'g] sDkgL btf{ k|df0fkq Joj;fo btf{ k|df0fkq PAN & VAT Registration s/r'Stf k|df0fkq jf cfo ljj/0f a'emfPsf] k|df0f 3f]if0ffkq -k]zfut s;"/ gkfPsf], xLt :jfy{ gePsf] cflb_ sfnf];"rLdf gk/]sf] pTkfbs cflwsf/Lstf kq u|fXotf k/LIf0f -lgod $)_ Reject Fail Pass
![af]nkq k/LIf0f / d NofFsg -Pass or Fail Criteria_](http://slideplayer.com/slide/14157875/86/images/42/af%5Dnkq+k%2FLIf0f+%2F+d+NofFsg+-Pass+or+Fail+Criteria_.jpg "l;naGbL eO{ gcfPsf] Dofb leq k]z x g gcfPsf] lkmtf{ lnPsf] af]nkq. sfg g adf]lhd af]nkq k]z ug{ of]Uo ePsf] k i6\ofO{ k]z, k 0f{ sfuhft / ;xL5fk ePsf], hdfgt k]z / k|fljlws ljj/0f / zt{x k /f -bkmf gePsf] cfk;df ldn]dtf] u/L bflvnf k j{of]Uotfsf s /fx ;f/e t km/s k/L /2 ePsf] sf/jfxL gx g] -d NofFsg tyf k/LIf0fdf ;dfj]z gx g]_. sf/jfxL x g] gx g] af]nkq 5 6\ofpg] sf/jfxL x g] sDkgL btf{ k|df0fkq. Joj;fo btf{ k|df0fkq. PAN & VAT Registration. s/r Stf k|df0fkq jf cfo ljj/0f a emfPsf] k|df0f. 3f]if0ffkq -k]zfut s; / gkfPsf], xLt :jfy{ gePsf] cflb_. sfnf]; rLdf gk/]sf] pTkfbs cflwsf/Lstf kq. u|fXotf k/LIf0f -lgod $)_. Reject. Fail. Pass.")
43
k|fljlws k|:tfj d"NofFsg r/0fx?M k"0f{tfsf] k/LIf0f
af]nkqsf] k"0f{tfsf] k/LIf0f / lgod ^) _ sfuhft eP gePsf] k/LIf0f k'i6\ofO{ ug]{ sfuhftx? -af]nkqdf dfu ul/Psf]_ af]nkq sfuhftdf ;xL5fk eP jf gePsf] clwsf/ k|fKt k|ltlglwsf] clVtof/gfdf k]z ;+o'St pkqmd ;+emf}tf -cfjZos eP_ dfn;fdfg u|fXotf k|dfl0ft ug]{ sfuhft of]Uotf;DaGwL sfuhft -cg'ej, hgzlSt, ljlQo cflb_ b/ ljZn]if0f dfu ul/Psf] eP ;f] sf] ljj/0f af]nkq hdfgt k]z -lsl;d, cjlw / /sd_ cfjZos hfgsf/L dfuM d"No jf cGo ;f/e"t s'/f kl/jt{g k"j{of]Uotf cg'?k of]Uotfdf ;f/e"t ?kdf 36L kfO{Pdf PseGbf a9L af]nkqdf efu lnPsf] -;fem]bf/ / JolStut_ vl/b sf/jfxLdf efu lng cof]Uo eP gePsf] ;fj{hlgs lgsfoaf6 laqmL ePsf] af]nkq sfuhftdf k]z eP jf gePsf] cfkm}n] vl/b u/]sf] af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhft e/L k]z u/] gu/]sf] Reject Fail Pass k|fljlws / Jofkfl/s d'NofFsg ug]{
![k|fljlws k|:tfj d NofFsg r/0fx M k 0f{tfsf] k/LIf0f](http://slideplayer.com/slide/14157875/86/images/43/k%7Cfljlws+k%7C%3Atfj+d+NofFsg+r%2F0fx+M+k+0f%7Btfsf%5D+k%2FLIf0f.jpg "af]nkqsf] k 0f{tfsf] k/LIf0f / lgod ^) _. sfuhft eP gePsf] k/LIf0f. k i6\ofO{ ug]{ sfuhftx -af]nkqdf dfu ul/Psf]_. af]nkq sfuhftdf ;xL5fk eP jf gePsf] clwsf/ k|fKt k|ltlglwsf] clVtof/gfdf k]z. ;+o St pkqmd ;+emf}tf -cfjZos eP_. dfn;fdfg u|fXotf k|dfl0ft ug]{ sfuhft. of]Uotf;DaGwL sfuhft -cg ej, hgzlSt, ljlQo cflb_. b/ ljZn]if0f dfu ul/Psf] eP ;f] sf] ljj/0f. af]nkq hdfgt k]z -lsl;d, cjlw / /sd_. cfjZos hfgsf/L dfuM d No jf cGo ;f/e t s /f kl/jt{g. k j{of]Uotf cg k of]Uotfdf ;f/e t kdf 36L kfO{Pdf. PseGbf a9L af]nkqdf efu lnPsf] -;fem]bf/ / JolStut_. vl/b sf/jfxLdf efu lng cof]Uo eP gePsf] ;fj{hlgs lgsfoaf6 laqmL ePsf] af]nkq sfuhftdf k]z eP jf gePsf] cfkm}n] vl/b u/]sf] af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhft e/L k]z u/] gu/]sf] Reject. Fail. Pass. k|fljlws / Jofkfl/s d NofFsg ug]{")
44
k|fljlws k|:tfj d"NofFsg r/0fx?
lgDg s'/fx? ;Dk'i6L ug]{ dfn;fdfg cfk"lt{, lgdf{0f sfo{ jf cGo ;]jfsf] If]q k|fljlws :k]l;lkms]zg, sfo{;+rfng tyf sfo{;Dkfbg ljz]iftfx? jf/]06Lsf] ;dofjlw pNn]lvt s'/fx? af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhft / af]nkqbftfn] k]z u/]sf] s'/fdf leGgtf kfO{Pdf ;f] leGgtf ;d]t pNn]v ug'{ kg]{ leGgtfsf] d"No pNn]lvt cfwf/ / tl/sf adf]lhd u0fgf ug'{kg]{ af]nkqsf] k|fljlws kIfsf] d"NofFsg -lgod _ k|fljlws ;Ifdtf Fail Reject Pass cfk"lt{ jf ;DkGg ug]{ cjlw e'StfgLsf] zt{ -#) lbg leq <_ k"j{lgwf{/Lt Ifltk"lt{ jf ;do cufj} sfd u/] af]g; k|Tofe"lt;DaGwL af]nkqbftfsf] bfloTj af]nkqbftfn] k"/f ug'{ kg]{ bfloTj k|:tfljt vl/b ;Demf}tfdf s'g} yk zt{ pNn]v eP Reject af]nkqsf] Jofkfl/s kIfsf] d"NofFsg -lgod ^# _ sfo{;Dkfbg ug]{ Joj:yf Fail Pass of]Uotfsf] k/LIf0f M ;fwf/0f / ljz]if cg'ej, hgzlSt, d]lzg tyf O{SjLkd]G6, 6g{cf]e/ cflbsf] ;Dk'i6L Reject Fail Pass cfly{s k|:tfj vf]Ng] k|fljlws k|:tfjdf pQL0f{ M ;f/e"t ?kdf k|efju|fxL af]nkq lgwf{/0f
45
cfly{s k|:tfj d"NofFsg r/0fx?
cfly{s k|:tfjsf] d"NofFsg M cfly{s k|:tfjdf ;kmn ePsf af]nkqbftfx? cfly{s k|:tfj vf]Ng] ;'rgf M & lbgsf] Dofb lbO{ k|:tfj vf]lng] :yfg, ldlt / ;dosf] ;"rgf lbg] k|fljlws k|:tfjsf] of]Uotfdf c;kmn ePsf x?sf] cfly{s k|:tfj gvf]nL lkmtf{ ug]{ ljlgdo b/ / db|fcg';f/ saf]n c+snfO{ Pp6} d"Nodf kl/jt{g ug'{kg]{ d'NofFsg / t'ngf ubf{ d"No clej[l4 s/ afx]ssf] d"NofFsg u0fLlto z'4tfsf] k/LIf0f-km/s eP gePsf] PsLg ug]{ -saf]n c+s / u0fgf ul/Psf] c+s_ af]nkqsf] d"NofFsg M c+sul0ftLo z'4tf -lgod ^!_ u0fgf ul/Psf] saf]n c+s km/s k/L :jLsf/ gu/]df M Reject !% !% % leq geP k|fljlws / Jofkfl/s kIfsf] d"NofFsgdf kl/df0ffTds km/s ePsf]df nfut cg'dfg, ahf/ d'No jf Jofhb/sf] cfwf/df u0fgf u/L ;fgfltgf km/s u0fgf ul/g] -!% % leq eP gePsf] PsLg ug]{_, cfGtl/s 9'jfgL / k|fljlws ljz]iftfx? ;d]tsf] d"No lgwf{/0f ug]{, saf]n c+sdf Load Reject cfly{s kIfsf] d"NofFsg -lgod ^$_ !% % leq eP Accept ljz]if d"NofFsg ug]{
46
lgdf{0f sfo{sf] ljz]if d"NofFsg
k|fljlws, Jofkfl/s / cfly{s kIfsf] d"NofFsgsf] cltl/Stm => sfo{of]hgf, sfo{;Dkfbg tflnsf, kl/rfng ;do af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]v eP cg';f/sf] eP jf gePsf], ljn ckm SjflG66Ldf pNn]v u/]sf] k|lt PsfO b/ ljZj;gLo eP jf gePsf] saf]n cÍ c;Gt'lnt eP jf gePsf] d"NofÍg ;ldltn] hfFr ug'{ kg]{5 k|f/lDes r/0fsf] sfdsf] cfO6dsf] nflu c:jfefljs pRr b/ pNn]v u/]sf]n], lan ckm SjflG66Ldf Go"g cg'dfg ePsf] egL ljZjf; u/]sf] cfO6dsf] nflu c:jfefljs pRr b/ pNn]v u/]sf]n] ;Gtf]ifhgs ?kdf sfd ;DkGg ug{ g;Sg] u/L Go"g saf]n cÍ pNn]v u/]sf] jf lgdf{0f sfo{sf] If]q jf k|fljlws :k]l;lkms]zg unt ?kdf a'lem jf ga'lem c:jfefljs Go"g saf]n cÍ pNn]v u/]sf] jf k|f/lDes r/0fdf ul/g] lgdf{0f sfo{sf] nflu a9L b/n] pNn]v u/]sf] -k|mG6 nf]l8Ë_ 5 5}g Go"g saf]n cÍ pNn]v u/]sf] cj:yfdf d"Nof+Íg ;ldltn] To:tf] af]nkqbftf;Fu b/ ljZn]if0f ;lxtsf] :ki6Ls/0f dfu ug'{ kg{] lgdf{0f sfo{sf] ljz]if d"NofFsg :ki6Ls/0f ;Gtf]ifhgs geP ]:ki6Ls/0f ;Gtf]ifhgs eP yk sfo{ ;Dkfbg ;lxt s/f/ ;Demf}tf ug]{]{ Reject
![lgdf{0f sfo{sf] ljz]if d NofFsg](http://slideplayer.com/slide/14157875/86/images/46/lgdf%7B0f+sfo%7Bsf%5D+ljz%5Dif+d+NofFsg.jpg "k|fljlws, Jofkfl/s / cfly{s kIfsf] d NofFsgsf] cltl/Stm => sfo{of]hgf, sfo{;Dkfbg tflnsf, kl/rfng ;do af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]v eP cg ;f/sf] eP jf gePsf], ljn ckm SjflG66Ldf pNn]v u/]sf] k|lt PsfO b/ ljZj;gLo eP jf gePsf] saf]n cÍ c;Gt lnt eP jf gePsf] d NofÍg ;ldltn] hfFr ug { kg]{5. k|f/lDes r/0fsf] sfdsf] cfO6dsf] nflu c:jfefljs pRr b/ pNn]v u/]sf]n], lan ckm SjflG66Ldf Go g cg dfg ePsf] egL ljZjf; u/]sf] cfO6dsf] nflu c:jfefljs pRr b/ pNn]v u/]sf]n] ;Gtf]ifhgs kdf sfd ;DkGg ug{ g;Sg] u/L Go g saf]n cÍ pNn]v u/]sf] jf. lgdf{0f sfo{sf] If]q jf k|fljlws :k]l;lkms]zg unt kdf a lem jf ga lem c:jfefljs Go g saf]n cÍ pNn]v u/]sf] jf. k|f/lDes r/0fdf ul/g] lgdf{0f sfo{sf] nflu a9L b/n] pNn]v u/]sf] -k|mG6 nf]l8Ë_ 5 5}g. Go g saf]n cÍ pNn]v u/]sf] cj:yfdf d Nof+Íg ;ldltn] To:tf] af]nkqbftf;Fu b/ ljZn]if0f ;lxtsf] :ki6Ls/0f dfu ug { kg{] lgdf{0f sfo{sf] ljz]if d NofFsg. :ki6Ls/0f ;Gtf]ifhgs. geP. ]:ki6Ls/0f ;Gtf]ifhgs. eP. yk sfo{ ;Dkfbg ;lxt s/f/ ;Demf}tf ug]{]{ Reject.")
47
sfo{;Dkfbg hdfgt -P]gsf] k|yd ;+zf]wg_
sfo{;Dkfbg hdfgt M af]nkqbftfn] nfut cg'dfg eGbf kGw| k|ltzt;Dd sd cÍ sa'n u/]df sa'n cÍsf] kfFr k|ltzt yk sfo{;Dkfbg hdfgt M nfut cg'dfgsf] kGw| k|ltzt eGbf j9L 36]/ sa'n u/]sf] cj:yfdf kGw k|ltzt eGbf hlt /sdn] 36L sa'n u/]sf] 5 ;f]sf] krf; k|ltztn] x'g cfpg] /sd sa'n cÍsf] kfFr k|ltztdf yk u/L sfo{;Dkfbg hdfgt /fVg' kg]{ s'/f,
![sfo{;Dkfbg hdfgt -P]gsf] k|yd ;+zf]wg_](http://slideplayer.com/slide/14157875/86/images/47/sfo%7B%3BDkfbg+hdfgt+-P%5Dgsf%5D+k%7Cyd+%3B%2Bzf%5Dwg_.jpg "sfo{;Dkfbg hdfgt M af]nkqbftfn] nfut cg dfg eGbf kGw| k|ltzt;Dd sd cÍ sa n u/]df sa n cÍsf] kfFr k|ltzt. yk sfo{;Dkfbg hdfgt M nfut cg dfgsf] kGw| k|ltzt eGbf j9L 36]/ sa n u/]sf] cj:yfdf kGw k|ltzt eGbf hlt /sdn] 36L sa n u/]sf] 5 ;f]sf] krf; k|ltztn] x g cfpg] /sd sa n cÍsf] kfFr k|ltztdf yk u/L sfo{;Dkfbg hdfgt /fVg kg]{ s /f,")
48
k'gMaf]nkq jf k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL ;'rgf Joj:yfdf ;+zf]wg -P]gsf] k|yd ;+zf]wg_
k'gMaf]nkq jf k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL ;'rgf M tf]lsPsf] cjlwleq s'g} af]nkq jf k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL k|:tfj gk/]df jf k/] klg ;f/e"t ?kdf k|efju|fxL geO{ k'gMaf]nkq jf k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL k|:tfj cfx\jfg ug'{ k/]df /fli6«o:t/sf] af]nkq jf k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL k|:tfjsf] xsdf sDtLdf kGw| lbg / cGt/f{li6«o :t/sf] af]nkq jf k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL k|:tfjsf] xsdf sDtLdf PSsfO; lbgsf] ;dofjlw lbO k'gM af]nkq jf k"j{ of]Uotf lgwf{/0f k|:tfj cfXjfg ug{ ;Sg] dfly pNn]lvt cjlwleq klg s'g} af]nkq jf k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL k|:tfj gk/]df jf k/] klg ;f/e"t ?kdf k|efju|fxL gePdf / tTsfn vl/b gu/] xfgL gf]S;fgL x'g] jf ;f] lgsfosf] s'g} sfd /f]lsg] ePdf To:fsf] cf}lrTo v'nfO{ /fli6«o:t/sf] af]nkq jf k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL k|:tfjsf] xsdf Ps tx dflysf] clwsf/Lsf] :jLs[lt lnO{ ;ft lbg;Ddsf] cjlw lbO{ k'gM af]nkq cfJxfg u/L jf bkmf * adf]lhd s'g} vl/b ljlw 5gf}6 u/L ;f]xL k|s[of cg'?k vl/b ug{ ;Sg]5 .Æ
![k gMaf]nkq jf k j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL ; rgf Joj:yfdf ;+zf]wg -P]gsf] k|yd ;+zf]wg_](http://slideplayer.com/slide/14157875/86/images/48/k+gMaf%5Dnkq+jf+k+j%7B+of%5DUotf+%3BDaGwL+%3B+rgf+Joj%3Ayfdf+%3B%2Bzf%5Dwg+-P%5Dgsf%5D+k%7Cyd+%3B%2Bzf%5Dwg_.jpg "k gMaf]nkq jf k j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL ; rgf M tf]lsPsf] cjlwleq s g} af]nkq jf k j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL k|:tfj gk/]df jf k/] klg ;f/e t kdf k|efju|fxL geO{ k gMaf]nkq jf k j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL k|:tfj cfx\jfg ug { k/]df /fli6«o:t/sf] af]nkq jf k j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL k|:tfjsf] xsdf sDtLdf kGw| lbg / cGt/f{li6«o :t/sf] af]nkq jf k j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL k|:tfjsf] xsdf sDtLdf PSsfO; lbgsf] ;dofjlw lbO k gM af]nkq jf k j{ of]Uotf lgwf{/0f k|:tfj cfXjfg ug{ ;Sg] dfly pNn]lvt cjlwleq klg s g} af]nkq jf k j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL k|:tfj gk/]df jf k/] klg ;f/e t kdf k|efju|fxL gePdf / tTsfn vl/b gu/] xfgL gf]S;fgL x g] jf ;f] lgsfosf] s g} sfd /f]lsg] ePdf To:fsf] cf}lrTo v nfO{ /fli6«o:t/sf] af]nkq jf k j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL k|:tfjsf] xsdf Ps tx dflysf] clwsf/Lsf] :jLs[lt lnO{ ;ft lbg;Ddsf] cjlw lbO{ k gM af]nkq cfJxfg u/L jf bkmf * adf]lhd s g} vl/b ljlw 5gf}6 u/L ;f]xL k|s[of cg k vl/b ug{ ;Sg]5 .Æ.")
49
d"NofFsg k|ltj]bg k]z ug'{ kg]{ -lgod ^^_
Free Format df tof/ ug]{ t/ lgDg r/0fdf l;nl;n]af/ k|:t'tL pko'St x'g] sfdsf] ;+lIfKt k[i7e"ld M lgsfosf] d'Vo p2]Zo, Joj;flos of]hgf / ;DaGwLt sfo{x? ug{ vf]lhPsf] sfd, p2]Zo / sf/0f / ;f] sfdsf] nflu ePsf] ah]6 / sfo{qmd, 7]Ssfk6\6f gDa/ cflb d"NofFsg ;ldltsf] u7g tyf sfo{If]qut zt{, sfd z'? ldlt, a}7ssf] k6s cflb sfdsf] nflu ;'rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] klqsf, k6s, ldlt, /fli6o jf cGt//fli6o af]nkq laqmL / k]z ug]{ af]nkqbftfx?sf] gfd / 7]ufgf -btf{ lstfjsf] 5fFofk|lt_ lkmtf{ jf ;+zf]wg eP ;f] sf] ljj/0f -clen]v k|lt;d]t_ sfod ePsf] af]nkqbftfx? -k]z / lkmtf{ kl5sf] gfd / 7]ufgf ;lxt sf] tflnsf_ sfg"gL u|fXotfsf] k/LIf0f -kf; ePsfnfO{ dfq k"0f{tfsf] k/LIf0fdf ;dfj]z ul/Psf] Joxf]/f / tflnsfdf kf; jf km]n _ d"Nof+Íg ;ldltn]] k/LIf0f tyf d"NofÍgsf] nflu -lgod ^) b]vL ^% ;Dd_ u/]sf] lgDg sfdsf] lj:t[t ljZn]if0f u/L k|ltj]bg tof/ ug'{ kg]{
![d NofFsg k|ltj]bg k]z ug { kg]{ -lgod ^^_](http://slideplayer.com/slide/14157875/86/images/49/d+NofFsg+k%7Cltj%5Dbg+k%5Dz+ug+%7B+kg%5D%7B+-lgod+%5E%5E_.jpg "Free Format df tof/ ug]{ t/ lgDg r/0fdf l;nl;n]af/ k|:t tL pko St x g] sfdsf] ;+lIfKt k[i7e ld M lgsfosf] d Vo p2]Zo, Joj;flos of]hgf / ;DaGwLt sfo{x ug{ vf]lhPsf] sfd, p2]Zo / sf/0f / ;f] sfdsf] nflu ePsf] ah]6 / sfo{qmd, 7]Ssfk6\6f gDa/ cflb. d NofFsg ;ldltsf] u7g tyf sfo{If]qut zt{, sfd z ldlt, a}7ssf] k6s cflb. sfdsf] nflu ; rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] klqsf, k6s, ldlt, /fli6o jf cGt//fli6o. af]nkq laqmL / k]z ug]{ af]nkqbftfx sf] gfd / 7]ufgf -btf{ lstfjsf] 5fFofk|lt_. lkmtf{ jf ;+zf]wg eP ;f] sf] ljj/0f -clen]v k|lt;d]t_. sfod ePsf] af]nkqbftfx -k]z / lkmtf{ kl5sf] gfd / 7]ufgf ;lxt sf] tflnsf_. sfg gL u|fXotfsf] k/LIf0f -kf; ePsfnfO{ dfq k 0f{tfsf] k/LIf0fdf ;dfj]z ul/Psf] Joxf]/f / tflnsfdf kf; jf km]n _. d Nof+Íg ;ldltn]] k/LIf0f tyf d NofÍgsf] nflu -lgod ^) b]vL ^% ;Dd_ u/]sf] lgDg sfdsf] lj:t[t ljZn]if0f u/L k|ltj]bg tof/ ug { kg]{")
50
d"NofFsg k|ltj]bg k]z ug'{ kg]{ -lgod ^^_
k|fljlws k|:tfjsf] d"NofFsg d"Nof+Íg ;ldltn]] k/LIf0f tyf d"NofÍgsf] nflu u/]sf] lgDg sfdsf] lj:t[t ljZn]if0f u/L k|ltj]bg tof/ ug'{ kg]{======== lgod ^)M af]nkqsf] k"0f{tf k/LIf0f -PseGbf a9L af]nkqdf ;+nUg, vl/b sf/jfxLdf efulng cof]Uo,laqmL ePsf] af]nkq sfuhftdf k]z ePsf], cfkm}n] vl/b u/]sf] af]nkq_ lgod k|fljlws kIfsf] d"NofFsg -sfo{If]q, k|fljlws ljj/0f, ck/]l6u+ P08 k/km/d]G;_ lgod ^#M Jofkfl/s kIfsf] d"NofFsg - cfk"lt{ jf ;DkGg ug]{ cjlw, e'StfgLsf zt{, k"j{lgwf{l/t Ifltk"lt{ tyf af]g;, k|Tofe"lt bfloTj, k"/f ug'{ kg]{ bfloTj,vl/b ;Demf}tfdf yk zt{ eP ;f] sf] d"NofFsg_
![d NofFsg k|ltj]bg k]z ug { kg]{ -lgod ^^_](http://slideplayer.com/slide/14157875/86/images/50/d+NofFsg+k%7Cltj%5Dbg+k%5Dz+ug+%7B+kg%5D%7B+-lgod+%5E%5E_.jpg "k|fljlws k|:tfjsf] d NofFsg. d Nof+Íg ;ldltn]] k/LIf0f tyf d NofÍgsf] nflu u/]sf] lgDg sfdsf] lj:t[t ljZn]if0f u/L k|ltj]bg tof/ ug { kg]{======== lgod ^)M af]nkqsf] k 0f{tf k/LIf0f -PseGbf a9L af]nkqdf ;+nUg, vl/b sf/jfxLdf efulng cof]Uo,laqmL ePsf] af]nkq sfuhftdf k]z ePsf], cfkm}n] vl/b u/]sf] af]nkq_. lgod k|fljlws kIfsf] d NofFsg -sfo{If]q, k|fljlws ljj/0f, ck/]l6u+ P08 k/km/d]G;_. lgod ^#M Jofkfl/s kIfsf] d NofFsg - cfk lt{ jf ;DkGg ug]{ cjlw, e StfgLsf zt{, k j{lgwf{l/t Ifltk lt{ tyf af]g;, k|Tofe lt bfloTj, k /f ug { kg]{ bfloTj,vl/b ;Demf}tfdf yk zt{ eP ;f] sf] d NofFsg_.")
51
d"NofFsg k|ltj]bg k]z ug'{ kg]{ -lgod ^^_
cfly{s k|:tfjsf] d"NofFsg lgod ^!M af]nkqsf] d"NofFsgM cGt//fli6o af]nkqbftfsf] ljlgdob/ / d'b|f cg';f/ Pp6} d'Nodf kl/jt{g u/L d'NofFsg / t'ngf, d"No clej[l4 s/ afx]ssf] saf]n c+s sfod, af]nkqbftf;+u dfu ul/Psf] hfgsf/L d"NofFsg / t'ngf, af]nkqdf pNn]lvt cfwf/ / tl/sf cg';f/sf] d'NofFsg -k|fljlws, Jofkfl/s / cfly{s kIfsf] d"NofFsg_ ;fgfltgf -!% k|ltzt eGbf sd_ km/s -d"No sfod ubf{ nfut cg'dfg, ahf/d"No jf Aofhb/ jf ;f]xL cfO{6dsf] cGo ;f/e"t k|efju|fxL af]nkqdf pNn]lvt d"Nosf] cf};t_ d"NofFsg ubf{ nfutdf k|efj kg]{ ePdf k|efjsf] d"No ;dfg cfwf/df sfod u/L saf]n c+ssf] ;dfof]hg u/L af]nkqsf] d"NofFlst /sd_ lgod ^$M cfly{s kIfsf] d"NofFsg -k|fljlws / Jofkfl/s kl5 ug]{, af]nkqdf pNn]lvt cfwf/ / tl/sf cg';f/ d"No lgwf{/0f ug]{ M cfGtl/s 9'jfgL vr{ / k|fljlws ljz]iftf -Go"gtd b/, Ifdtf jf k|ltkmnsf] dfq d"NofFsg ug]{, k|fyldstfsf] /sd u0fgfsf] cfwf/df af]nkqsf] d"NofFlst c+s sfod ug]{, af]nkqbftfn] l;kmfl/z u/]sf] hu]8f kf6{k"hf{ u0fgf gug]{_
![d NofFsg k|ltj]bg k]z ug { kg]{ -lgod ^^_](http://slideplayer.com/slide/14157875/86/images/51/d+NofFsg+k%7Cltj%5Dbg+k%5Dz+ug+%7B+kg%5D%7B+-lgod+%5E%5E_.jpg "cfly{s k|:tfjsf] d NofFsg. lgod ^!M af]nkqsf] d NofFsgM. cGt//fli6o af]nkqbftfsf] ljlgdob/ / d b|f cg ;f/ Pp6} d Nodf kl/jt{g u/L d NofFsg / t ngf, d No clej[l4 s/ afx]ssf] saf]n c+s sfod, af]nkqbftf;+u dfu ul/Psf] hfgsf/L d NofFsg / t ngf, af]nkqdf pNn]lvt cfwf/ / tl/sf cg ;f/sf] d NofFsg -k|fljlws, Jofkfl/s / cfly{s kIfsf] d NofFsg_. ;fgfltgf -!% k|ltzt eGbf sd_ km/s -d No sfod ubf{ nfut cg dfg, ahf/d No jf Aofhb/ jf ;f]xL cfO{6dsf] cGo ;f/e t k|efju|fxL af]nkqdf pNn]lvt d Nosf] cf};t_. d NofFsg ubf{ nfutdf k|efj kg]{ ePdf k|efjsf] d No ;dfg cfwf/df sfod u/L saf]n c+ssf] ;dfof]hg u/L af]nkqsf] d NofFlst /sd_. lgod ^$M cfly{s kIfsf] d NofFsg -k|fljlws / Jofkfl/s kl5 ug]{, af]nkqdf pNn]lvt cfwf/ / tl/sf cg ;f/ d No lgwf{/0f ug]{ M. cfGtl/s 9 jfgL vr{ / k|fljlws ljz]iftf -Go gtd b/, Ifdtf jf k|ltkmnsf] dfq d NofFsg ug]{, k|fyldstfsf] /sd u0fgfsf] cfwf/df af]nkqsf] d NofFlst c+s sfod ug]{, af]nkqbftfn] l;kmfl/z u/]sf] hu]8f kf6{k hf{ u0fgf gug]{_.")
52
d"NofFsg k|ltj]bg k]z ug'{ kg]{ -lgod ^^_
d"Nof+Íg ;ldltn]] k/LIf0f tyf d"NofÍgsf] nflu u/]sf] lgDg sfdsf] lj:t[t ljZn]if0f u/L k|ltj]bg tof/ ug'{ kg]{ lgod ^% M lgdf{0f sfo{sf] ljz]if d"NofFsg -k|fljlws, Jofkfl/s / cfly{s kIfsf] d"NofFsgsf] cltl/St_ sfo{of]hgf, sfo{;Dkfbg tflnsf, kl/rfng ;do af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]v eP cg';f/sf] eP jf gePsf], ljn ckm SjflG66Ldf pNn]v u/]sf] k|lt PsfO b/ ljZj;gLo eP jf gePsf] , saf]n cÍ c;Gt'lnt eP jf gePsf] d"NofÍg ;ldltn] hfFr ul/Psf] s'/f k|ltj]bgdf ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{ lgisif{ / l;kmfl/z -cfjZostfg';f/ yk sfo{;Dkfbg hdfgt ;lxt_ k|ltj]bg d"Nof+Íg ;fj{hlgs lgsfosf k|d'vn] lgod %$ s= sf] cwLgdf /xL tf]]s]sf] cjlw leq - o; cl3 M sfo{ z'? u/]sf] ldltn] kGw|| lbgleq lyof]_ ;fj{hlgs lgsfodf k]z ug'{ kg]{
![d NofFsg k|ltj]bg k]z ug { kg]{ -lgod ^^_](http://slideplayer.com/slide/14157875/86/images/52/d+NofFsg+k%7Cltj%5Dbg+k%5Dz+ug+%7B+kg%5D%7B+-lgod+%5E%5E_.jpg "d Nof+Íg ;ldltn]] k/LIf0f tyf d NofÍgsf] nflu u/]sf] lgDg sfdsf] lj:t[t ljZn]if0f u/L k|ltj]bg tof/ ug { kg]{ lgod ^% M lgdf{0f sfo{sf] ljz]if d NofFsg -k|fljlws, Jofkfl/s / cfly{s kIfsf] d NofFsgsf] cltl/St_. sfo{of]hgf, sfo{;Dkfbg tflnsf, kl/rfng ;do af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]v eP cg ;f/sf] eP jf gePsf], ljn ckm SjflG66Ldf pNn]v u/]sf] k|lt PsfO b/ ljZj;gLo eP jf gePsf] , saf]n cÍ c;Gt lnt eP jf gePsf] d NofÍg ;ldltn] hfFr ul/Psf] s /f k|ltj]bgdf ;dfj]z ug { kg]{ lgisif{ / l;kmfl/z -cfjZostfg ;f/ yk sfo{;Dkfbg hdfgt ;lxt_. k|ltj]bg d Nof+Íg ;fj{hlgs lgsfosf k|d vn] lgod %$ s= sf] cwLgdf /xL tf]]s]sf] cjlw leq - o; cl3 M sfo{ z u/]sf] ldltn] kGw|| lbgleq lyof]_ ;fj{hlgs lgsfodf k]z ug { kg]{")
53
cfzosf] ;"rgf ,:jLs[tL tyf ;Demf}tf -bkmfM@&, lgod %$ s_
cfzosf] ;"rgf lbg' kg]{ af]nkq 5gf}6 ePsf] ;ft lbgleq ;DalGwt af]nkqbftfnfO{ af]nkq :jLs[t ug]{ cfzosf] ;"rgf lbg' kg]{ / To;/L 5gf}6 ePsf] af]nkqsf] af]nkqbftfsf] gfd, 7]ufgf / /sdsf] hfgsf/L cGo af]nkqbftfnfO{ ;d]t lbg' kg]{ af]nkq jf k|:tfj cfzosf] ;'rgf lbg] cjlw - lgod %$ sM-rf}yf] ;+zf]wg_ M _M ;fj{hlgs lgsfon] af]nkq jf k|:tfj vf]n]sf] ldltn] af]nkq dfGo cjlw e/ af]nkq jf k|:tfj :jLs[t ug{ cfzosf] ;'rgf af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfnfO{ lbg'kg]{ 5 -klxnf vf]n]sf] ldltn] #) / $% lbg leq ;'rgf lbg] Joj:yf_
![cfzosf] ; rgf ,:jLs[tL tyf ;Demf}tf lgod %$ s_](http://slideplayer.com/slide/14157875/86/images/53/cfzosf%5D+%3B+rgf+%2C%3AjLs%5BtL+tyf+%3BDemf%7Dtf+lgod+%25%24+s_.jpg "cfzosf] ; rgf lbg kg]{ af]nkq 5gf}6 ePsf] ;ft lbgleq ;DalGwt af]nkqbftfnfO{ af]nkq :jLs[t ug]{ cfzosf] ; rgf lbg kg]{ / To;/L 5gf}6 ePsf] af]nkqsf] af]nkqbftfsf] gfd, 7]ufgf / /sdsf] hfgsf/L cGo af]nkqbftfnfO{ ;d]t lbg kg]{ af]nkq jf k|:tfj cfzosf] ; rgf lbg] cjlw - lgod %$ sM-rf}yf] ;+zf]wg_ M _M ;fj{hlgs lgsfon] af]nkq jf k|:tfj vf]n]sf] ldltn] af]nkq dfGo cjlw e/ af]nkq jf k|:tfj :jLs[t ug{ cfzosf] ; rgf af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfnfO{ lbg kg]{ 5 -klxnf vf]n]sf] ldltn] #) / $% lbg leq ; rgf lbg] Joj:yf_.")
54
vl/b sf/afxL jf lg0f{osf] k'g/fjnf]sg ;DaGwL Joj:yf
;fj{hlgs lgsfosf k|d'v ;dIf lgj]bg -bkmf $&_ M vl/b sf/afxL jf lg0f{o ubf{ s'g} q'l6 u/]sf] jf kfngf ug'{ kg]{ st{Jo kfngf gu/]sf]n] To:tf] q'l6 jf lg0f{osf] k'g/fjnf]sgsf s/f]8;Ddsf] nflu ;DalGwt ;fj{hlgs lgsfosf k|d'v ;dIf lgj]bg lbg ;Sg] k'g/fjnf]sgsf] lgj]bg vl/b ;Demf}tf x'g' eGbf cl3sf] sf/afxLdf ;Lldt x'g] af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfn] yfxf kfPsf] ldltn] ;ft lbgleq lgj]bg lbg' kg]{ lgj]bgdf s'g sfd u/]sf] jf gu/]sf] sf/0fn] To:tf] q'l6 x'g uPsf]] xf] jf st{Jo kfngf gePsf] xf] / To:tf] lg0f{o of] P]g jf o; P]g cGtu{t ag]sf] lgod jf lgb]{lzsfsf] s'g k|fjwfg ljk/Lt 5 eGg] s'/f :ki6?kdf v'nfpg' kg]{ cjlw gf3L k|fKt ePsf] k'g/fjnf]sgsf] lgj]bg pk/ s'g} sf/afxL gx'g] lgj]bgsf ;DaGwdf 5fglag ubf{ s'g} q'l6 b]lvP, st{Jo kfngf u/]sf] gb]lvP jf lg0f{o sfg"g ljk/Lt b]lvPdf ;fj{hlgs lgsfosf k|d'vn] vl/b sf/afxL lgnDag u/L ;f] lgj]bg k|fKt ePsf] kfFr lbgleq sf/0f v'nfO{ lnlvt lg0f{o ug{' kg]{
![vl/b sf/afxL jf lg0f{osf] k g/fjnf]sg ;DaGwL Joj:yf](http://slideplayer.com/slide/14157875/86/images/54/vl%2Fb+sf%2FafxL+jf+lg0f%7Bosf%5D+k+g%2Ffjnf%5Dsg+%3BDaGwL+Joj%3Ayf.jpg ";fj{hlgs lgsfosf k|d v ;dIf lgj]bg -bkmf $&_ M vl/b sf/afxL jf lg0f{o ubf{ s g} q l6 u/]sf] jf kfngf ug { kg]{ st{Jo kfngf gu/]sf]n] To:tf] q l6 jf lg0f{osf] k g/fjnf]sgsf s/f]8;Ddsf] nflu ;DalGwt ;fj{hlgs lgsfosf k|d v ;dIf lgj]bg lbg ;Sg] k g/fjnf]sgsf] lgj]bg vl/b ;Demf}tf x g eGbf cl3sf] sf/afxLdf ;Lldt x g] af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfn] yfxf kfPsf] ldltn] ;ft lbgleq lgj]bg lbg kg]{ lgj]bgdf s g sfd u/]sf] jf gu/]sf] sf/0fn] To:tf] q l6 x g uPsf]] xf] jf st{Jo kfngf gePsf] xf] / To:tf] lg0f{o of] P]g jf o; P]g cGtu{t ag]sf] lgod jf lgb]{lzsfsf] s g k|fjwfg ljk/Lt 5 eGg] s /f :ki6 kdf v nfpg kg]{ cjlw gf3L k|fKt ePsf] k g/fjnf]sgsf] lgj]bg pk/ s g} sf/afxL gx g] lgj]bgsf ;DaGwdf 5fglag ubf{ s g} q l6 b]lvP, st{Jo kfngf u/]sf] gb]lvP jf lg0f{o sfg g ljk/Lt b]lvPdf ;fj{hlgs lgsfosf k|d vn] vl/b sf/afxL lgnDag u/L ;f] lgj]bg k|fKt ePsf] kfFr lbgleq sf/0f v nfO{ lnlvt lg0f{o ug{ kg]{")
55
vl/b sf/afxL jf lg0f{osf] k'g/fjnf]sg ;DaGwL Joj:yf
k'g/fjnf]sg ;ldlt ;dIf lgj]bg -bkmf $(_ M @ s/f]8 /sd eGbf a9L /sdsf] vl/b sf/afxLsf] ;DAfGwdf eO{ To:tf] lgsfosf k|d'vn] ;f] lgj]bgsf ;DaGwdf & lbg leq lg0f{o glbPdf jf lghn] lbPsf] lg0f{odf lgj]bgstf{sf] lrQ ga'em]df, vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] ljifodf . k'g/fjnf]sgsf] tl/sf -bkmf %)_M ;Demf}tf cl3sf] ljifodf ;ft lbgleq lg0f{o glbPdf jf lg0f{odf lrQ gj'em]df ;Demf}tf ePsf] ldltn] tL; lbgsf] cjlwleq lgj]bg lbg' kg]{ lgj]bg ;fy hdfgt /fVg'kg]{ M af]nkqbftfn] saf]n u/]sf] c+ssf] )=!% /sd gub} jf a}+s hdfgt ;fy lgj]bg lbg'kg]{ -klxnf )=%)_ lgj]bg k|fKt ePsf] tLg lbgleq k'g/fjnf]sg ;ldltn] lgj]bg / ;+nUg sfuhft ;d]tsf] k|ltlnlk ;DaGwLt lgsfodf k7fO{ sfd sf/afxLsf] hfgsf/L / k|ltls|of lbg ;"rgf ug{' kg]{ ;"rgf k|fKt u/]sf] tLg lbgleq ;fj{hlgs lgsfon] ;f] ;DaGwL hfgsf/L / k|ltls|of k'g/fjnf]sg ;ldltnfO{ lbg' kg]{ k|fKt ePsf] hfgsf/L / k|ltls|of, lgj]bsn] lgj]bgsf ;fy k]z u/]sf] k|df0f, sfuhftsf cfwf/df / cfjZos eP b'j} kIfnfO{ a'emL lgj]bg k|fKt ePsf] tL; lbgleq k'g/fjnf]sg ;ldltn] lg0fo{ ug'{ kg]{
![vl/b sf/afxL jf lg0f{osf] k g/fjnf]sg ;DaGwL Joj:yf](http://slideplayer.com/slide/14157875/86/images/55/vl%2Fb+sf%2FafxL+jf+lg0f%7Bosf%5D+k+g%2Ffjnf%5Dsg+%3BDaGwL+Joj%3Ayf.jpg "k g/fjnf]sg ;ldlt ;dIf lgj]bg -bkmf $(_ s/f]8 /sd eGbf a9L /sdsf] vl/b sf/afxLsf] ;DAfGwdf eO{ To:tf] lgsfosf k|d vn] ;f] lgj]bgsf ;DaGwdf & lbg leq lg0f{o glbPdf jf lghn] lbPsf] lg0f{odf lgj]bgstf{sf] lrQ ga em]df, vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] ljifodf . k g/fjnf]sgsf] tl/sf -bkmf %)_M. ;Demf}tf cl3sf] ljifodf ;ft lbgleq lg0f{o glbPdf jf lg0f{odf lrQ gj em]df. ;Demf}tf ePsf] ldltn] tL; lbgsf] cjlwleq lgj]bg lbg kg]{ lgj]bg ;fy hdfgt /fVg kg]{ M af]nkqbftfn] saf]n u/]sf] c+ssf] )=!% /sd gub} jf a}+s hdfgt ;fy lgj]bg lbg kg]{ -klxnf )=%)_. lgj]bg k|fKt ePsf] tLg lbgleq k g/fjnf]sg ;ldltn] lgj]bg / ;+nUg sfuhft ;d]tsf] k|ltlnlk ;DaGwLt lgsfodf k7fO{ sfd sf/afxLsf] hfgsf/L / k|ltls|of lbg ; rgf ug{ kg]{ ; rgf k|fKt u/]sf] tLg lbgleq ;fj{hlgs lgsfon] ;f] ;DaGwL hfgsf/L / k|ltls|of k g/fjnf]sg ;ldltnfO{ lbg kg]{ k|fKt ePsf] hfgsf/L / k|ltls|of, lgj]bsn] lgj]bgsf ;fy k]z u/]sf] k|df0f, sfuhftsf cfwf/df / cfjZos eP b j} kIfnfO{ a emL lgj]bg k|fKt ePsf] tL; lbgleq k g/fjnf]sg ;ldltn] lg0fo{ ug { kg]{")
56
:jLs[tL tyf ;Demf}tf -bkmfM@&, lgod %$ s_
vl/b ;Demf}tf ug{sf] nflu sfo{ ;Dkfbg hdfgt bflvnf ug{ ;"rgf lbg'' kg]{ M cfzosf] ;"rgf lbPsf] ;ft lbgsf] cjlwleq s'g} af]nkqbftfn] k'g/fjnf]sgsf] nflu lgj]bg gu/]df 5gf}6 ePsf] af]nkqbftfsf] af]nkq :jLs[t u/L lghnfO{ kGw| lbgleq vl/b ;Demf}tf ug{sf] nflu sfo{ ;Dkfbg hdfgt bflvnf ug{ ;"rgf lbg'' kg]{ vl/b ;Demf}tf ug{' kg]{ M kGw| lbgsf] cjlwleq ;DalGwt af]nkqbftfn] sfo{ ;Dkfbg hdfgt bflvnf u/L vl/b ;Demf}tf ug{' kg{]5 .
57
af]nkq c:jLs[t . vl/b sf/afxL /2 ug]{ cj:yf -bkmfM@^_
;Dk"0f{ af]nkq cl:js[t ug{ jf vl/b sf/afxL /2 ug{ ;Sg] cj:yfx? -%_ M s'g} klg af]nkq ;f/e"t?kdf k|efju|fxL gePdf, - -k|fljlws :k]lzlkms]zg / vl/b ;Demf}tfsf zt{ cg'?k ;f/e"t ?kdf k|efju|fxL eP jf gePsf] _ k|yd ;+zf]wg M P]gsf] -^_ adf]lhdsf] k|lqmof ckgfpFbf klg af]nkqbftf;+u ;Demf}tf x'g g;s]df Go"g d"NofFlst af]nkqbftfn] sfo{;Dkfbg hdfgt k]z gu/L ;Demf}tf gu/]df_ Go"gtd d"Nofl°t k|efju|fxL af]nkqsf] af]n c+s nfut cg'dfg eGbf ;f/e"t ?kdf a9L ePdf dfu ul/Psf] dfn;fdfg, lgdf{0f sfo{, k/fdz{ ;]jf jf cGo ;]jf cfjZos gePdf . af]nkqbftfn] cfk;df ldnf]dtf] u/L af]nkq bflvnf u/]sf] k|dfl0ft ePdf s]lx af]nkqx? jf Pp6f dfq af]nkq ;f/e"t ?kdf k|efju|fxL ePsf]] sf/0fn] dfq af]nkq cl:js[t ug{ jf k'gM af]nkq cfÅjfg ug{ g;lsg] -bkmf dfldnf M k'n lgdf{0f sfo{sf] nflu af]nkq cfJxfg ul/Psf]df Ps dfq af]nkq k/]sf]n] vf]Ng] ls gvf]Ng] l2ljwf ePsf] 5 , o; cj:yfdf vf]Ng] ls gvf]Ng]<
![af]nkq c:jLs[t . vl/b sf/afxL /2 ug]{ cj:yf](http://slideplayer.com/slide/14157875/86/images/57/af%5Dnkq+c%3AjLs%5Bt+.+vl%2Fb+sf%2FafxL+%2F2+ug%5D%7B+cj%3Ayf.jpg ";Dk 0f{ af]nkq cl:js[t ug{ jf vl/b sf/afxL /2 ug{ ;Sg] cj:yfx -%_ M. s g} klg af]nkq ;f/e t kdf k|efju|fxL gePdf, - -k|fljlws :k]lzlkms]zg / vl/b ;Demf}tfsf zt{ cg k ;f/e t kdf k|efju|fxL eP jf gePsf] _. k|yd ;+zf]wg M P]gsf] -^_ adf]lhdsf] k|lqmof ckgfpFbf klg af]nkqbftf;+u ;Demf}tf x g g;s]df Go g d NofFlst af]nkqbftfn] sfo{;Dkfbg hdfgt k]z gu/L ;Demf}tf gu/]df_. Go gtd d Nofl°t k|efju|fxL af]nkqsf] af]n c+s nfut cg dfg eGbf ;f/e t kdf a9L ePdf. dfu ul/Psf] dfn;fdfg, lgdf{0f sfo{, k/fdz{ ;]jf jf cGo ;]jf cfjZos gePdf . af]nkqbftfn] cfk;df ldnf]dtf] u/L af]nkq bflvnf u/]sf] k|dfl0ft ePdf s]lx af]nkqx jf Pp6f dfq af]nkq ;f/e t kdf k|efju|fxL ePsf]] sf/0fn] dfq af]nkq cl:js[t ug{ jf k gM af]nkq cfÅjfg ug{ g;lsg] -bkmf dfldnf M k n lgdf{0f sfo{sf] nflu af]nkq cfJxfg ul/Psf]df Ps dfq af]nkq k/]sf]n] vf]Ng] ls gvf]Ng] l2ljwf ePsf] 5 , o; cj:yfdf vf]Ng] ls gvf]Ng]<")
58
af]nkq c:jLs[t . vl/b sf/afxL /2 ug]{ cj:yf==
cl:js[t jf vl/b sf/afxL /2 ePsf] ;"rgf lbg' kg]{ M af]nkq cl:js[t ePsf] jf vl/b sf/afxL /2 ePsf] sf/0f ;lxtsf] ;"rgf ;j} af]nkqbftfnfO{ lbg' kg]{ /2 ePsf]] cfwf/sf] hfgsf/L lbg'kg]{ M ;"rgf lbPsf] tL; lbgleq s'g} af]nkqbftfn] ;j} af]nkq cl:js[t ePsf]] jf vl/b sf/afxL /2 ePsf]] cfwf/sf] hfgsf/L dfu u/]df hfgsf/L lbg' kg]{ k'gM af]nkq cfÅjfg ubf{ cfjZos x]/km]/ ug'{kg]{ M s'g} af]nkq gk/L jf ;Dk"0f{ af]nkq cl:js[t jf vl/b sf/afxL /2 eO{ k'gM af]nkq cfÅjfg ubf{ To;/L af]nkq cl:js[t jf vl/b sf/afxL /2 x'gfsf] sf/0fsf] ;dLIff u/L cfjZostfg';f/ -!_ af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft, k|fljlws :k]lzlkms]zg, -#_ nfut cg'dfg, tyf -$_ vl/b ;Demf}tfsf zt{x?df x]/km]/ ;d]t ug'{ kg]{
![af]nkq c:jLs[t . vl/b sf/afxL /2 ug]{ cj:yf==](http://slideplayer.com/slide/14157875/86/images/58/af%5Dnkq+c%3AjLs%5Bt+.+vl%2Fb+sf%2FafxL+%2F2+ug%5D%7B+cj%3Ayf%3D%3D.jpg "cl:js[t jf vl/b sf/afxL /2 ePsf] ; rgf lbg kg]{ M af]nkq cl:js[t ePsf] jf vl/b sf/afxL /2 ePsf] sf/0f ;lxtsf] ; rgf ;j} af]nkqbftfnfO{ lbg kg]{ /2 ePsf]] cfwf/sf] hfgsf/L lbg kg]{ M ; rgf lbPsf] tL; lbgleq s g} af]nkqbftfn] ;j} af]nkq cl:js[t ePsf]] jf vl/b sf/afxL /2 ePsf]] cfwf/sf] hfgsf/L dfu u/]df hfgsf/L lbg kg]{ k gM af]nkq cfÅjfg ubf{ cfjZos x]/km]/ ug {kg]{ M s g} af]nkq gk/L jf ;Dk 0f{ af]nkq cl:js[t jf vl/b sf/afxL /2 eO{ k gM af]nkq cfÅjfg ubf{ To;/L af]nkq cl:js[t jf vl/b sf/afxL /2 x gfsf] sf/0fsf] ;dLIff u/L cfjZostfg ;f/ -!_ af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft, k|fljlws :k]lzlkms]zg, -#_ nfut cg dfg, tyf. -$_ vl/b ;Demf}tfsf zt{x df x]/km]/ ;d]t ug { kg]{")
59
vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf
vl/b ;Demf}tf ;fj{hlgs ug'{ kg]{ M vl/b ;Demf}tf ;DkGg eP kl5 af]nkq jf k/fdz{ ;]jf d"Nof°gsf] kl/0ffd ;fj{hlgs ug'{ kg]{ -bkmfM^)_ ;fj{hlgs ;"rgfsf] Joj:yf - lgodM!#&_ M vl/b ;Demf}tf ;DkGg ePsf] ;"rgf tLg lbgleq ;fj{hlgs lgsfon]] cfk\mgf] ;"rgf kf6L / lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt, lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no, sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{nosf] ;"rgf kf6Ldf ;d]t 6fF; ug{ nufpg] Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{ j]j;fO6df ;"rgf /fVg ;lsg] M ;Demf}tfsf] ;"rgf ;DalGwt ;fj{hlgs lgsfon] cfkm\gf] j]j;fO6 eP To:tf] j]j;fO6df / geP ;fj{hlgs vl/b cg'udg sfof{nosf] j]j;fO6df /fVg] Joj:yf ldnfpg ;Sg] ;"rgfdf v'nfpg' kg]{ ljj/0f M ;"rgfdf d"NofÍg kl/0ffd, ;"rgf k|sfzg ePsf] ldlt, ;dfrf/kqsf] gfd, ;"rgf ;+Vof, vl/bsf] ljifo, ;Demf}tf ug]{sf] gfd / 7]ufgf , / ;Demf}tfsf] d"No v'nfpg' kg]{
![vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] ;fj{hlgs ; rgf](http://slideplayer.com/slide/14157875/86/images/59/vl%2Fb+%3BDemf%7Dtfsf%5D+%3Bfj%7Bhlgs+%3B+rgf.jpg "vl/b ;Demf}tf ;fj{hlgs ug { kg]{ M vl/b ;Demf}tf ;DkGg eP kl5 af]nkq jf k/fdz{ ;]jf d Nof°gsf] kl/0ffd ;fj{hlgs ug { kg]{ -bkmfM^)_. ;fj{hlgs ; rgfsf] Joj:yf - lgodM!#&_ M vl/b ;Demf}tf ;DkGg ePsf] ; rgf tLg lbgleq ;fj{hlgs lgsfon]] cfk\mgf] ; rgf kf6L / lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt, lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no, sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{nosf] ; rgf kf6Ldf ;d]t 6fF; ug{ nufpg] Joj:yf ug { kg]{ j]j;fO6df ; rgf /fVg ;lsg] M ;Demf}tfsf] ; rgf ;DalGwt ;fj{hlgs lgsfon] cfkm\gf] j]j;fO6 eP To:tf] j]j;fO6df / geP ;fj{hlgs vl/b cg udg sfof{nosf] j]j;fO6df /fVg] Joj:yf ldnfpg ;Sg] ; rgfdf v nfpg kg]{ ljj/0f M ; rgfdf d NofÍg kl/0ffd, ; rgf k|sfzg ePsf] ldlt, ;dfrf/kqsf] gfd, ; rgf ;+Vof, vl/bsf] ljifo, ;Demf}tf ug]{sf] gfd / 7]ufgf , / ;Demf}tfsf] d No v nfpg kg]{")
60
Wofg tyf w}}o{tfsf] nflu
wGojfb wGojfb Wofg tyf w}}o{tfsf] nflu Cell: 60
![Wofg tyf w}}o{tfsf] nflu](http://slideplayer.com/slide/14157875/86/images/60/Wofg+tyf+w%7D%7Do%7Btfsf%5D+nflu.jpg "wGojfb. wGojfb. Wofg tyf w}}o{tfsf] nflu. Cell:")
Similar presentations
![1 sf7df8f}+ dxfgu/kflnsf sd{rf/Lx?sf] ;?jf ;DaGwL](/24/6997634/big_thumb.jpg "1 sf7df8f}+ dxfgu/kflnsf sd{rf/Lx?sf] ;?jf ;DaGwL>")
![BL3{sflng cfly{s lehg jif{ cjlwsf]_ g]kfn pBf]u jfl0fHo dxf;+3.](/24/6997646/big_thumb.jpg "BL3{sflng cfly{s lehg jif{ cjlwsf]_ g]kfn pBf]u jfl0fHo dxf;+3.>")
![ hfjnfv]n, nlntk'/ k|:t'tstf{ ;'lgns'df/ kl/of/,](/24/6997829/big_thumb.jpg " hfjnfv]n, nlntk'/ k|:t'tstf{ ;'lgns'df/ kl/of/,>")
![E–clen]v ;rgf Aoj:yfkg - LRIMS) k|0ffnL k|:t'tsQf{ >LrGb| ;fx ;rgf k|ljlw lgb]{zs eld;'wf/ tyf Aoj:yfkg ljefu, aa/dxn, sf7df8f}+ eld;'wf/ tyf Aoj:yfkg.](/24/7011942/big_thumb.jpg "E–clen]v ;rgf Aoj:yfkg - LRIMS) k|0ffnL k|:t'tsQf{ >LrGb| ;fx ;rgf k|ljlw lgb]{zs eld;'wf/ tyf Aoj:yfkg ljefu, aa/dxn, sf7df8f}+ eld;'wf/ tyf Aoj:yfkg.>")
![;+ljwfg lgdf{0fdf cGt/fli6«o >d ;+u7g dxf;lGw g+ !^(sf] sfof{Gjog z+s/ lnDa ;lrj ænfx'lg{kÆ sfo{sf/L ;b:o AIPP, Thailand Broad of Trustee UN Voluntary.](/26/8295822/big_thumb.jpg ";+ljwfg lgdf{0fdf cGt/fli6«o >d ;+u7g dxf;lGw g+ !^(sf] sfof{Gjog z+s/ lnDa ;lrj ænfx'lg{kÆ sfo{sf/L ;b:o AIPP, Thailand Broad of Trustee UN Voluntary.>")
![:jfutd\ jfl0fHo tyf cfklt{ dGqfno of]hgf tyf cGt/f{li6«o Jofkf/ ;xof]u dxfzfvf of]hgf tyf ;rgf zfvf.](/26/8415176/big_thumb.jpg ":jfutd\ jfl0fHo tyf cfklt{ dGqfno of]hgf tyf cGt/f{li6«o Jofkf/ ;xof]u dxfzfvf of]hgf tyf ;rgf zfvf.>")
![G]kfndf ;fj{hlgs ljQLo Joj:yfkg ;'wf/ / o;sf] sfo{lbzf 8f=d'lQm gf/fo0f kf}8]n ;x - dxfn]vf lgoGqs tyf ;+of]hs, k]kmf ;lrjfno 11/12/2015.](/26/8415185/big_thumb.jpg "G]kfndf ;fj{hlgs ljQLo Joj:yfkg ;'wf/ / o;sf] sfo{lbzf 8f=d'lQm gf/fo0f kf}8]n ;x - dxfn]vf lgoGqs tyf ;+of]hs, k]kmf ;lrjfno 11/12/2015.>")
![K]kmf ;lrjfnosf jt{dfg ultljlwx? cg'kdf sfsL{ -n]vf clws[t_ k]kmf ;lrjfno.](/26/8415192/big_thumb.jpg "K]kmf ;lrjfnosf jt{dfg ultljlwx? cg'kdf sfsL{ -n]vf clws[t_ k]kmf ;lrjfno.>")
![Glthfdlv cg'udg tyf dNof+sgsf] kl/ro lbnLk s'df/](/26/8638578/big_thumb.jpg "Glthfdlv cg'udg tyf dNof+sgsf] kl/ro lbnLk s'df/>")
![B/ tyf v'nf l;sfO{ (Distance and Open Learning) k|:t'tLs/0fsf] vfsf cjwf/0ff tyf df]8]n ;fs{d'n'sdf v'nf lzIff g]kfndf ljBdfg gLlt tyf sfo{qmd ;d:of tyf.](/26/8762304/big_thumb.jpg "B/ tyf v'nf l;sfO{ (Distance and Open Learning) k|:t'tLs/0fsf] vfsf cjwf/0ff tyf df]8]n ;fs{d'n'sdf v'nf lzIff g]kfndf ljBdfg gLlt tyf sfo{qmd ;d:of tyf.>")
![G]kfndf zflGtlzIff Tff/s lwtfn, /fhs'df/ 9‘+'ufgf](/26/8768527/big_thumb.jpg "G]kfndf zflGtlzIff Tff/s lwtfn, /fhs'df/ 9‘+'ufgf>")
![UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP) g]kfnsf] ;Gbe{df cflbjf;L hghfltx?sf] clwsf/;DaGwL ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3Lo 3f]if0ffkq 8f= s[i0f e¤rg.](/26/8772505/big_thumb.jpg "UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP) g]kfnsf] ;Gbe{df cflbjf;L hghfltx?sf] clwsf/;DaGwL ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3Lo 3f]if0ffkq 8f= s[i0f e¤rg.>")
![K'is/ dfy]df cflbjf;L hghflt, ;rgfsf] xs / ;~rf/ dfWod.](/26/8825269/big_thumb.jpg "K'is/ dfy]df cflbjf;L hghflt, ;rgfsf] xs / ;~rf/ dfWod.>")
![ Dalit Empowerment in Nepal's forestry sector ut] jN8{ 6|]8 ;]G6/,sf7df8f}+. k|:t'tstf{ ;'lgns'df/ kl/of/,](/26/8825273/big_thumb.jpg " Dalit Empowerment in Nepal's forestry sector ut] jN8{ 6|]8 ;]G6/,sf7df8f}+. k|:t'tstf{ ;'lgns'df/ kl/of/,>")
![WATCH FOR SOCIAL JUSTICE & EQUAL ACCESS NEPAL 5/16/2011 Sharing Media Monitoring findings (Equal Access & WATCH) ;~rf/ cg'udg k|ltj]bg.](/26/8825281/big_thumb.jpg "WATCH FOR SOCIAL JUSTICE & EQUAL ACCESS NEPAL 5/16/2011 Sharing Media Monitoring findings (Equal Access & WATCH) ;~rf/ cg'udg k|ltj]bg.>")