1. Cancer

2. When you hear the word cancer, what comes to mind?
Yiayia & Erica

3. What is Cancer?
Cancer is the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in the body

4. How does CANCER happen?
Cancer is essentially a DISEASE OF MITOSIS
normal “checkpoints” regulating mitosis are ignored or overridden by the cancer cell
Cancer begins when a single cell is TRANSFORMED from a normal cell to a cancer cell

5. Cancer and the Cell Cycle
Human cancers are nearly all caused by:
Mutations in one or more genes that regulate the cell cycle
There are 2 classes of genes that regulate cell growth and division:
Growth Factors: initiate cell division
Tumor Suppressor Genes: produce proteins that STOP cell division
Oncogenes: (a cancer causing gene) Produces hormones that stimulate cell division
Cause abnormal cells to grow
TUMOR

6. Let’s take a look at online activity 9.4 & 12.4 as a class!

7. Tumors Benign Tumor Malignant Tumor
An abnormal mass of essentially normal cells
Always remain at original site
Masses of cells that result from the reproduction of cancer cells
Replaces all normal tissue as it grows
If not killed or removed it can spread into surrounding tissues

8. Metastasis: The spread of cancer beyond their original site.

9. Mutations

10. Anything that can cause cancer
Carcinogens
Anything that can cause cancer

11. Treatment Treatments for cancer are: surgery OR
Radiation and Chemotherapy
Undesirable side effects:
Ovaries/testes can be damaged causing sterility
Hair follicles are damaged causing hair loss
Intestinal cells are damaged leading to nausea
Can also suffer from oral sores, rashes, tooth decay
Hair Loss

12. Videos
Cancer Videos
Cell Cycle Animations