1. Cell Division Prokaryotic binary fission sporulation Eukaryotic
mitosis
meiosis
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2. Prokaryotic Cell Division - Binary Fission
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3. Eukaryotic DNA is Packaged into Chromosomes
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4. Chromosomes, Chromatids, and Chromatin
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5. Karyotypes spectral karyotype
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6. Numbers of Chromosomes in Some Plant and Animal Species
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Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae

7. Mitosis
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8. The Mitotic Spindle Consists of Microtubules
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9. Mitosis
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10. Mitosis
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11. Cytokinesis Differs in Animal and Plant Cells
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12. The Eukaryotic Cell Cycle
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13. Checkpoints in Cell Cycle Progression
G1 to S and G2 to M transitions are regulated by proteins called cyclin- dependent kinases (Cdks) and cyclins
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14. Cyclin proteins and Cdk activity
Cyclin proteins are made and destroyed in a cyclic pattern during the cell cycle
Cdks are activated by binding to one of several different cyclin proteins
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15. Cyclins and activation of Cdks
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16. Cyclin-Dependent Kinases and Cyclins Regulate Transitions in the Cell Cycle
MPF
Cdk-cyclin complexes each phosphorylate different target proteins to regulate progression of the cell cycle
p53
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17. Disruption of Cell Cycle Control
Cyclin-Cdk complexes act as checkpoints.
When functioning properly, they allow or prevent passage to the next stage of the cell cycle
In cancer cells, these checkpoints are often disrupted
Rb/p105 (retinoblastoma)
Loss of Rb permits unregulated cell division
p53
Loss of p53 prevents synthesis of p21 which allows production of cyclin D

18. Asexual Reproduction
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19. Meiosis and Alternation of Generations in Sexual Reproduction
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20. Meiosis I
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21. Crossing Over Forms Genetically Diverse Chromosomes
Meiotic Recombination
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22. Chiasmata: Evidence of Exchange between Chromatids
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23. Meiosis I
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24. Meiosis I
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25. Meiosis II
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26. Meiosis II
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27. Meiosis II
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28. Mitosis and Meiosis: A Comparison
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29. Mitosis and Meiosis: A Comparison
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30. Nondisjunction Leads to Aneuploidy
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31. Apoptosis: Programmed Cell Death
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32. Two Different Ways for Cells to Die
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