1. ESS 421 - 1st half topics covered in class, reading, and labs
Images and maps - (x,y,z,l,t)
Temporal data - Time-lapse movies
Spatial data - Photos and interpretation
Spectral data
Electromagnetic spectrum
Absorption and Beer’s law (t=e-kz)
Transmission
Reflection
Scattering and Lambert’s law  R=Io(cos i)/p
Interaction of light and materials
Electronic processes (VNIR)
- electron transition (VIS), sharing (UV), crystral field (NIR)
Vibrations and overtones (SWIR-TIR)
Gas, liquid, glass, crystalline
Spectra of common materials
leaves, soil, water, clouds, snow, iron oxides, hydrated minerals

2. ESS 421 - 1st half key areas for midterm (Tuesday, 9 February 9:30-10:20)
Questions may be drawn from labs, lectures, text
Basic remote sensing parameters
irradiance, radiance, and their units
the electromagnetic spectrum
thermal emission
Atmospheric effects and scattering processes
Scattering and reflection from surfaces
Spectroscopy fundamentals
Spectra of common materials

3. Class 10: Earth-orbiting satellites
Friday 4 February 2011
Class 10: Earth-orbiting satellites
and Review
No new reading assignment

4. What was covered in the previous lecture
Wednesday’s lecture
1) Spectroscopy
2) volume interactions
- resonance
- electronic interactions
- vibrational interactions
3) spectroscopy
- continuum vs. resonance bands
- spectral “mining”
- continuum analysis
4) spectra of common Earth-surface materials
Today’s lecture:
Review
Satellites and orbits
LECTURES
Jan Intro
Jan Images
Jan Photointerpretation
Jan Color theory
Jan Radiative transfer
Jan Atmospheric scattering
Jan Lambert’s Law
Jan Volume interactions
Feb Spectroscopy previous
Feb Satellites & Review today
Feb Midterm
Feb Image processing
Feb Spectral mixture analysis
Feb Classification
Feb Radar & Lidar
Feb Thermal infrared
Mar Mars spectroscopy (Matt Smith)
Mar Forest remote sensing (Van Kane)
Mar Thermal modeling (Iryna Danilina)
Mar Review
Mar Final Exam 2

5. Orbit Platform Sensor C-130 Sputnik Sputnik 2 with Laika 1957 Sputnik
1999
EOS

6. Airborne platforms – test beds, flexible paths
SEBASS Hyperspectral TIR sensor in a Twin Otter

7. Orbits
Key elements:
- eccentricity
- inclination
- periapsis

8. Inclination
Low inclination
High inclination

9. Hubble Space Telescope –
low inclination
most Shuttles -

10. Exception: SRTM
i=58º

11. High-inclination orbits

13. Special case –
Sun-synchronous orbit
(i ~ -81º)
Satellite is overhead at same local solar time all year
Why would you choose
- late morning?
- mid afternoon?
- early morning?

14. Global coverage

15. Sensor characteristics
spatial resolution and field of view
spectral resolution
spectral coverage
number of bands
Spatial resolution depends on experiment
high – spatial detail, less emphasis on spectroscopy
moderate – environmental monitoring
low – weather, oceanography
Spectral resolution
panchromatic
multispectral
hyperspectral (imaging spectroscopy)

16. Spectral coverage
Optical
reflected sunlight
thermal infrared
LiDAR
Microwave
passive
Radar
Gamma ray, X ray, geophysical (magnetic, gravity fields)

17. Thematic
Mapper
LANDSAT – SUN-SYNCHRONOUS ORBIT

18. Wednesday class:
Midterm, 366 JHN, 9:30 -10:20, closed book