1. Chapter 4 Warm Ups
Mrs. Hilliard

2. Work on all missing assignments and Test Remediation Topics

3. Chapter 4 Vocabulary
Ecosystem- a community of organisms and their abiotic environment.
Community- a group of various species that live in the same habitat and interact with each other.
Biotic factor- an environmental factor that is associated with or results from the activities of living organisms.
Habitat- the place where an organism usually lives.
Abiotic factor- the nonliving part of the environment, including water, rocks, light, and temperature.
Natural selection- the process by which individuals that are better adapted to their environment survive and reproduce more successfully than less well adapted individuals do; a theory to explain the mechanism of evolution.
Organism- a living thing: anything that can carry out life processes independently.
Species- a group of organisms that are closely related and can mate to produce fertile offspring: also the level of classification below genus.
Evolution- a heritable change in the characteristics within a population from one generation to the next: the development of new types of organisms from preexisting types of organisms over time.
Population-a group of organisms of the same species that live in a specific geographical area and interbreed.

4. Chapter 4 Vocabulary continued
Adaptation-an anatomical, physiological, or behavioral change that improves a population’s ability to survive.
Fungus- an organism whose cells have nuclei (eukaryotic), rigid cell walls, and no chlorophyll and that belong to the kingdom Fungi.
Protist- an organism that is typically single celled, eukaryotic and found in water.
Artificial selection- the selective breeding of organisms (by humans) for specific desirable characteristics.
Gymnosperm- a woody vascular seed plant, whose seeds are not enclosed by an ovary or fruit.
Resistance- the ability of an organism to tolerate a chemical or disease-causing agent.
Angiosperm- a flowering plant that produces seeds within a fruit.
Archaebacteria- a kingdom made up of prokaryotes, most of which are known to live in extreme environments.
Invertebrate- an animal that does not have a backbone.
Eubacteria- a kingdom made up of all prokaryotes, true bacteria with a cell wall of peptidoglycan.
Vertebrate- an animal that has a backbone: includes mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fish.

5. Ecosystems Where does the energy in an ecosystem come from?
What are some examples of an ecosystem?
Which of the following organisms are likely to belong to the same species?
Animals in a forest
Bacteria in your body
Organisms in Lake Lanier
People at West Hall

6. Ecosystems Where does the energy in an ecosystem come from? The sun
What are some examples of an ecosystem? Coral Reef, Oak forest, pond, vacant lot, swamp, mountain ranges.
Which of the following organisms are likely to belong to the same species?
Animals in a forest
Bacteria in your body
Organisms in Lake Lanier
People at West Hall

7. Ecosystems What is a population? What are some biotic factors?
What are some abiotic factors?
What type of factor would rocks and air be considered?

8. Ecosystems
What is a population? Members of the same species living in the same place at the same time
What are some biotic factors? Plants, animals, dead organisms, dead parts of organisms
What are some abiotic factors? Rocks, water, light, sand, air, temperature
What type of factor would rocks and air be considered? abiotic factor

9. Habitats/Types of factors
What is a habitat?
What are the nonliving parts of an ecosystem?
What are the living and once living parts of an ecosystem?

10. Habitats/Types of factors
What is a habitat? The place where an organism lives and that has the resources the organism needs
What are the nonliving parts of an ecosystem? Abiotic factors
What are the living and once living parts of an ecosystem? Biotic factors

11. Communities
Can most organisms survive if they are taken away from their habitat?
What would you find in a lake community?

12. Communities
Can most organisms survive if they are taken away from their habitat? No, plants and animals usually cannot survive for long periods away from their natural habitat.
What would you find in a lake community? Populations of fish, insects, and other living organisms (including plants).

13. Adaptations What can organisms adapt to?
Why are some organisms more likely to survive?
In order for evolution to occur in a population, what must an individual do if it has the trait that is naturally selected for?

14. Adaptations
What can organisms adapt to? Their surroundings (habitat/ environment) and other organisms (Coevolution)
Why are some organisms more likely to survive? They either have or do not have certain physical traits and engage in certain behaviors
In order for evolution to occur in a population, what must an individual do if it has the trait that is naturally selected for? Reproduce

15. Evolution How does an organism become resistant to a chemical?
What is coevolution?
How have Humans inadvertently (accidentally) promoted the evolution of insects that are resistant to insecticides?

16. Evolution
How does an organism become resistant to a chemical? If it has a gene that protects it from the chemical (it can break down chemical)
What is coevolution? The process of two species changing genetically in response to long-term interactions with each other
How have Humans inadvertently (accidentally) promoted the evolution of insects that are resistant to insecticides? Trying to control pests with chemicals

17. Evolution
If an insect can no longer be killed by a particular insecticide, it has developed a(n) ____________________ to the chemical.
What did Darwin propose was the mechanism for evolution?
What is the change in the genetic characteristics of a population from one generation to the next?

18. Evolution
If an insect can no longer be killed by a particular insecticide, it has developed a(n) __Resistance_____ to the chemical.
What did Darwin propose was the mechanism for evolution? Natural Selection
What is the change in the genetic characteristics of a population from one generation to the next? Evolution

19. Evolution
What is an inherited trait that increases an organism’s chance of survival and reproduction in a certain environment?
What type of selection produced a collie as a breed of dog that exists?

20. Evolution
What is an inherited trait that increases an organism’s chance of survival and reproduction in a certain environment? Adaptation
What type of selection produced a collie as a breed of dog that exists? Artificial selection

21. Warm Up
Get out science of dogs video wkst

22. Classification
What categories or groups are organisms classified into?
What do bacteria and fungi both have in common?
What is a single-celled organism with a cell wall but no nuclei?

23. Classification
What categories or groups are organisms classified into? 6 kingdoms
What do bacteria and fungi both have in common? They both break down dead organisms
What is a single-celled organism with a cell wall but no nuclei? Bacteria

24. Organisms
Which animal is successful because it moves quickly, reproduces rapidly, and has a waterproof external skeleton?
What converts nitrogen in the air into a form plants can use?
List some algae that use energy from the sun to make food?

25. Organisms
Which animal is successful because it moves quickly, reproduces rapidly, and has a waterproof external skeleton? Insects
What converts nitrogen in the air into a form plants can use? Bacteria
List some algae that use energy from the sun to make food? Phytoplankton, Seaweed, and Kelp (Must be plant like protists)

26. Kingdoms Why are angiosperms useful for humans?
What do angiosperms need animals for?
In what kingdom would a gymnosperm be found in?

27. Kingdoms
Why are angiosperms useful for humans? Food is produced by many angiosperms (fruit)
What do angiosperms need animals for? To transport pollen and disperse seeds
In what kingdom would a gymnosperm be found in? Plant kingdom

28. Diversity of Life
What characteristic is usually shared by bacteria, fungi, and plants?
Which two kingdoms contain organisms that can use energy from the sun to make food?
What types of organisms do not have a nucleus?

29. Diversity of Life
What characteristic is usually shared by bacteria, fungi, and plants? They have cell walls
Which two kingdoms contain organisms that can use energy from the sun to make food? Protists and Plants
What types of organisms do not have a nucleus? Bacteria

30. Organisms What are organisms that have a backbone called?
What are organisms that do not have a backbone called?
What causes athlete’s foot?
What kingdom are yeast part of?

31. Organisms What are organisms that have a backbone called? Vertebrates
What are organisms that do not have a backbone called? Invertebrates
What causes athlete’s foot? Fungi
What kingdom are yeast part of? Fungi

32. Kingdoms
What are many-celled organisms that have cell walls and make their own food called?
What kingdom are algae part of?
What kingdoms are bacteria part of?

33. Kingdoms
What are many-celled organisms that have cell walls and make their own food called? Plants
What kingdom are algae part of? Protista
What kingdoms are bacteria part of? Eubacteria and Archaebacteria

34. More Kingdoms
What are pine trees and other conifers classified as since they are woody plants and their seeds are not enclosed in fruits?
What kingdom are most bacteria, including the kinds that cause disease and those found in garden soil, classified in?
What is the initial source of food in most ocean and freshwater ecosystems?

35. More Kingdoms
What are pine trees and other conifers classified as since they are woody plants and their seeds are not enclosed in fruits? Gymnosperms
What kingdom are most bacteria, including the kinds that cause disease and those found in garden soil, classified in? Eubacteria
What is the initial source of food in most ocean and freshwater ecosystems? Phytoplankton