1. Greek Warfare

2. Review Early People of the Aegean
On the island of Crete, the Minoans built a brilliant civilization based on trade.
Mycenaean civilization, which dominated the Aegean world from 1400 B.C. to 1200 B.C., absorbed Minoan, Egyptian, and Mesopotamian influences, which were passed on to later Greeks.
The Mycenaeans are best remembered for their part in the Trojan War, which they fought with Troy, a city in present-day Turkey. The Greek poet Homer is our chief source of information about the Trojan War in his story the Iliad.
Separated from each other by rugged mountains, the early Greeks built many small city-states or Polis.

5. S E C T I O N 2 The Rise of Greek City-States
Two influential city-states developed different ways of life and dominate Greek society and History:
Sparta became a military state with a rigid system of rule.
Athens set up a limited democracy and encouraged the exploration of many areas of knowledge.
Chapter 5, Section 2

6. Early Government Styles
Monarchy – King Rules
Aristocracy – Small wealthy group - Nobles or Upper Class rule
Oligarchy - Select Small Group rule – Warriors, Philosophers, Merchants, etc.

7. Greek Warriors = Hoplites
-Backbone of Greek Society and Government

8. Greek Armor - the SHIELD
Shield = HOPLON
Defining piece of equipment -
Greek warriors = HOPLITES
Hoplites = middle-class freemen farmers
paid for and took care of their own hoplon, armor, weapons
expensive - like a modern car

9. Hoplon
3 foot Greek Shield

10. The Shield - The HOPLON Heavy & large concave or bowl shaped
Wooden core with bronze facing and leather backing
About 3 feet across & about 18 lbs.
Held with arm-band & hand grip
Rested on left shoulder

11. Hoplite Athenian Spartan

12. Greek Armor Hoplite’s armor = PANOPLY
Shield, helmet, breastplate, greaves, sword, spear, tunic
Weighed about 70 lbs.
Typical Greek soldier lbs.
Expensive

13. Greek Armor = PANOPLY The SPEAR Principle offensive weapon
8-9 feet long, held overhand
Iron or steel head - often broke upon impact
Bronze butt-spike

14. Greek Armor = PANOPLY The Sword
Iron blade with bronze fittings - about 2 feet long
Cutting, Slashing & thrusting
A Last resort weapon, for “up-close” work
Heavy curved blade for slashing= kopis

15. Helmet and Sword

16. Greek Armor Bronze helmets - heavy, uncomfortable
Worn back on the head when not fighting
Bronze chest armor = cuirass
Bronze shin guards = greaves

17. Greek Warfare - the Hoplites

18. Greek Warfare - the Hoplites

19. The PHALANX - Hoplite Warfare

20. -Disciplined Rows of Spearman
Phalanx
-Disciplined Rows of Spearman

21. Naval Warfare Naval warship = TRIREME
-long & narrow, fast - like a spear
-3 rows of rowers - hence TRI-REME

22. Naval Warfare -basic idea - ram and immobilize enemy ship
-Front of ship - iron ram
-basic idea - ram and immobilize enemy ship

23. Naval Warfare