1. Geostationary Sounders
(~1600)
Geostationary Sounders
(# of channels)
Advanced Baseline
Sounder (operational)
(~1600)
GIFTS
(experimental)
(18)
GOES Sounder
(operational)
The ABS is the next logical step from experimental low spectral resolution to finally operational high-spectral resolution sounders.
(12)
VAS
(experimental)
time

2. Jun Li ran simulations (not shown) of a 2-band ABS versus a 3-band ABS
Jun Li ran simulations (not shown) of a 2-band ABS versus a 3-band ABS. Overall, they were very similar.
ABS Prime (ABS’) -- consider using the shortwave side of the water vapor band.

3. ABS/CrIS vs GOES retrieval for low level temperature inversion

4. Moisture Weighting Functions
100
100
Advanced Sounder
(3074)
GOES
(18)
Pressure (hPa)
Pressure (hPa)
1000
1000
Moisture Weighting Functions
High spectral resolution advanced sounder will have more and sharper weighting functions compared to current GOES sounder. Retrievals will have better vertical resolution.
UW/CIMSS

5. Moisture Weighting Functions
These water vapor weighting functions reflect the radiance sensitivity of the specific channels to a water vapor % change at a specific level (equivalent to dR/dlnq scaled by dlnp).
Moisture
Weighting
Functions
Pressure
Weighting Function Amplitude
Wavenumber (cm-1)
UW/CIMSS
The advanced sounder has more and sharper weighting functions

6. Spatial
Coverage
Areas within 62 degrees local zenith angle from GOES-East and GOES-West sub-satellite points are indicated. Threshold coverage rate calls for the 62 arc region, excluding half of over-lap, to be scanned each hour. Current GOES -E and -W sounder hourly coverage is also shown.
UW-Madison/CIMSS

7. Geo-Interferometer Nears Raob-like Depiction of Atmosphere
while Providing an Order of Magnitude Increase in Temporal Resolution
Information Content for Moist Atmospheres
interferometer
current
Number of channels
RAOB (USA) - over land hour ascent km separation Z and 00Z only
Geo Interferometer (USA) - land and coastal waters
- nearly instantaneous obs km separation
- hourly repeat
A doubling of the critical low-level moisture information (from the current sounder)

8. Cloud-Top Information
Future GOES -- simulating the Advanced Baseline Sounder (ABS) performance
For thin clouds, high spectral is very important for more accurate clouds.
These simulations were done by Jun Li.

9. Detection of Temperature Inversions Possible with Interferometer
Spikes down -
Cooling with height
Spikes up -
Heating with height
Texas
Ontario
Brightness Temperature (K)
(low-level inversion)
(No inversion)
GOES
GOES
Wavenumber (cm-1)
The detection of inversions is critical for severe weather forecasting. Combined with improved low-level moisture depiction, critical ingredients for night-time severe storm development over the Plains can be monitored. Knowing if there is an inversion can also help improve the profiles estimates.

10. Potential ABI
Plus a 0.9 um band

11. Severe convection: IR windows 25 February 2001
MODIS (1 km)
ABI (2 km)
UW-Madison/CIMSS
Severe convection:
IR windows
25 February 2001
GOES-8 (4 km)
The MODIS (real image) and the ABI (simulated) show the cold cloud-tops much better than the current GOES Imager. The ABI was simulated by degrading the MODIS image. This consists of blurring (via a Point Spread Function) the image and re-sampling at a 2 km spatial resolution.
Caveats to these Simulations
Noise: MODIS noise used for ABI
Spectral response: no corrections were made
Striping: not included
View angles: non-isotropic atmosphere not accounted for.
Orbital geometry: pixel size increase is approximately 1:10 for MODIS and 1:2 for GOES
(going from 0 to 55 degrees zenith angle).
The simulated ABI clearly captures the over-shooting (cold) cloud tops, while the current GOES Imager does not.
Images shown in GOES projection.

12. Visible

14. ABI spatial coverage rate versus the current GOES Imager
This is just supposed to show that the ABI will scan approximately 5 times faster than the current imager.
Scott Gudes, acting head of NOAA, used this slide at the Oct Sat conference.
ABI coverage in 5 minutes
GOES coverage in 5 minutes
The ABI may take full disk images every 15 min. + CONUS images every 5 min.

15. Visible

16. linden_haze_0.439_0.498
Smoke