1. Section 1: Marching Towards War
Chapter 13: The great war
Section 1: Marching Towards War

2. Section 1: Marching Towards War
QW#4.1 – I got you, homey!
Suppose you are at the movies with your friends. One of them is acting dumb and running his or her mouth. Another person talks back to them calling them out on their behavior (which are not necessarily in agreement with). Your friend is ready to start a fight, do you support your friend? Even if you know that this support may land you in trouble with your parents or even the police? What might happen if you refuse to lend your support to them? Explain.

3. Section 1: Marching Towards War
Period of Peace
30 year peace with countries in Europe
Deliberate effort towards a lasting peace
Rising Tensions
Nationalism
Rivalry amongst European nations
Germany, GB, Austria-Hungary, Russia, Italy, France
Resources, land, old grudges
Imperialism
Militarism
Power based on military power and ability to mobilize

4. Section 1: Marching Towards War
Tangled Alliances
Bismarck Forges Early Pacts
Attempts to Isolate an old foe – France
Triple Alliance – Italy, Germany, Austria-Hungary
1881 – Germany-Russian Alliance
Shifting Alliance Threaten Peace
Kaiser Wilhelm II
Forces Bismarck to resign
Lets Russian Treaty lapse > Russia and France make pact
Builds up military (naval power)
Triple Entente – France, GB, Russia
What did these alliances mean?

5. Section 1: Marching Towards War
Crisis in the Balkans
Restless Region
Ottomans losing power > decline of the empire
Nationalism > Slavic states
Annexation of Bosnia and Herzegovina by Austria-Hungary
Shot Rings Throughout Europe
Austro-Hungarian heir – Archduke Ferdinand
Serbian responsibility of the Black Hand
Serbian and Austro-Hungarian negotiations fail
Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia
Russian mobilizes against along the border

6. Section 1: Europe Plunges into War
Chapter 13: The great war
Section 1: Europe Plunges into War

7. Section 2: Europe Plunges into War
QW# 4.1 – How do you think industrialization helped or hurt the war efforts?

8. Section 2: Europe Plunges into War
The Great War Begins
Alliances take their toll > Germans declare on Russia
Nations take Sides
Central Powers – Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, and the Ottoman Empire
Centrally located in Europe
Allied Powers – GB, France, Russia, Japan, Italy
Soldier happily went to war thinking it was going to be short and victorious

9. Section 2: Europe Plunges into War
A Bloody Stalemate
Western Front – area of Northern France where the forces of the Allies and the Central Powers battled each other
The Schlieffen Plan
The First Battle of Marne
Failed Plan
Russia Advances

10. Section 2: Europe Plunges into War
War in the Trenches
Trench Warfare
Conditions
Risks and the many ways to die
New weapons
Poison Gas
Machine guns
Tanks
Submarines
Airplane Warfare

11. Section 2: Europe Plunges into War
Battle on the Eastern Front
Eastern Front – area of the battlefield along the German and Russian borders
Back and forth, with Russian Struggles
Lack of industrialization
Limited Port Access
Weather – The Frozen Front
Russian numbers

12. Section 3: A Global Conflict
Chapter 13: The great war
Section 3: A Global Conflict

13. Section 3: A Global Conflict
QW # 4.3 – Where the heck are the Americans?
Why do you think the US has not entered the fray of World War I yet? Explain your answer.

14. Section 3: A Global Conflict
War Affects the World
Gallipoli Campaign
Constantinople
Dardanelles as a way to the city and to supply Russia
Another Stalemate
Battles around the World
Where? Who? Why?
America Joins in – Finally
Lusitania
Germany meddling
The Zimmerman Note

15. Section 3: A Global Conflict
War Affects the Home Front
Government Wages Total War
All available resources devoted to war effort
Women’s Roles elevated – at home, in the field
Rationing of goods and services
Propaganda posters
Allies Win the War
Russia Withdraws
Russian Soldiers refused to fight
Poor and hungry people
Lenin seizes power
Treaty with Germany to end their part of the war

16. Section 3: A Global Conflict
Weakened German Military
Second Battle of Marne
US helps the Allies
Germans fail, Ottomans Surrender, Revolution in Austria-Hungary
Armistice November 11, 1918
Legacy of the War
8.5 Million deaths, plus civilian deaths of starvation and disease
Economic devastation

17. Section 4: A Flawed Peace
QW #4.4 – Who is to Blame?
Where do you feel the majority of the blame belongs? Which country should pay the most retribution?

18. Section 4: A Flawed Peace
The Allies Meet and Debate
The Big four: Woodrow Wilson, Clemenceau, George, and Orlando
Wilson’s Fourteen Points
League of Nations
Treaty of Versailles
Territorial Losses
Military Reduction
War Guilt
Germany and the Ottoman Empire
A peace built on Quicksand

19. Section 4: A Flawed Peace

20. Section 4: A Flawed Peace