1. Charles Darwin’s Theory of Evolution: The idea that organisms change over time

2. Darwin’s voyage aboard HMS Beagle.
• trip around the world.
• Collected countless specimens and noticed different details among them.

3. Natural selection Natural selection rests on three facts:
• Organisms produce more offspring than can survive.
• Individuals vary in their characteristics.
• Many characteristics are inherited by offspring from their parents.

4. It follows logically that …
• Some individuals will be better suited to their environment - they will survive and reproduce more successfully than individuals without those characteristics.
• Future generations will thus contain more genes from better-suited individuals.
• As a result, characteristics will evolve over time to resemble those of the better-suited ancestors.

5. Fitness is the likelihood that an individual will reproduce.
Adaptive trait or adaptation is a trait that increases an individual’s fitness.

6. Peppered Moths