1. Do Now What are the steps to gel electrophoresis?
What are the steps to making a transgenic organism?
What are two examples of how we use recombinant DNA technology to make transgenic organisms?

2. “Life can only come from other living things.”
Do Now
Do you agree with the following statement? Explain why or why not. Give examples!
“Life can only come from other living things.”

4. Early earth and the origins of life

6. Abiogenesis The theory that life can come from non-living things
Theory of spontaneous generation : up until the 17th century, scientists once thought life came from decaying matter

7. Disproved by 2 people: Francisco Redi Louis Pasteur
Experiment to test whether maggots (living) spontaneously generated from meat (non-living)
Experiment to test whether bacteria (living) spontaneously generated from beef broth (non-living)

8. Disproved by 2 people: Francisco Redi Louis Pasteur
Experiment to test whether maggots (living) spontaneously generated from meat (non-living)
Experiment to test whether bacteria (living) spontaneously generated from beef broth (non-living)

9. Life only comes from living things!
Redi & Pasteur’s experiments proved the Theory of Biogenesis:
Life only comes from living things!

10. gases
energy
(amino acids)

11. Anaerobic or aerobic organisms?
What gas is missing?!
Oxygen
Anaerobic or aerobic organisms?
ANAEROBIC

12. Miller and Urey Experiment
inogranic
Early

13. Sparks/
Lightning
Life!
(amino acids)
atmosphere
Ocean

14. If life has to come from living things, how did life first start?!
Answer your questions! U6-2

15. AEROBIC! :aerobic eukaryotes
Unicellular prokaryotic anaerobic
PHOTOSYNTHESIS! :photosynthetic prokaryotes O2
AEROBIC! :aerobic eukaryotes
multicellular eukaryotic aerobic

16. How did simple prokaryotes go to complex eukaryotes?

17. Video http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RaAM8qQcs6E
Endosymbiotic theory
Video

18. Mitochondria
Chloroplast

19. Practice 1: Early Earth Making Life Activity Complete pg. U6-3 & U6-4
Abiogenesis
Biogenesis

20. Abiogenesis Recipe Example
Steps:
Put the blanket down
Take out food and tea
Go swing on swings for 30 minutes
Makes ANTS!
Ingredients:
Picnic blanket
Sandwiches
Sweet tea

21. Take out your data trackers and sit and wait for further instruction

22. Do Now What is abiogenesis?
2) Who were the two scientists who disproved this theory?
3) What is Biogenesis?
4) Describe early Earth and the first organisms on early Earth.
5) Explain the endosymbiotic theory. In your explanation be sure to describe the first types of organisms and how they evolved.

25. Do Now Describe early Earth and the first organisms on early Earth.
Explain the endosymbiotic theory. In your explanation be sure to describe the first types of organisms and how they evolved.
Explain Lamarck’s theory.
What is Darwin’s theory?
What are some key components of the theory of natural selection?

26. Do NOT write the questions:
Evolution
For each statement, indicate if you Agree or Disagree.
Do NOT write the questions:
Organisms change over time
According to evolution, people came from monkeys.
A theory means there is very little evidence to support it
You can either believe in Evolution OR God.
Evolution is something that happened in the past – not now.
There is evidence that supports evolution.
Evolution can explain why some organisms live and others die.

27. 2 men, 2 theories
Lamarck
Charles Darwin

28. Lamarck Theory of acquired characteristics
He said an individual can acquire changes during its lifetime and pass them on to their offspring
Example: a body builder with huge muscles would pass on the huge muscles to the baby

29. THIS THEORY WAS WRONG!! Lamarck Long neck Short neck
and stretching until neck gets longer
Keeps stretching neck to reach leaves higher on tree
and stretching
Original short-necked ancestor
Short neck
THIS THEORY WAS WRONG!!

30. 2 men, 2 theories
Lamarck
Charles Darwin

31. Charles Darwin
Theory of Natural Selection

32. VARIATION variation heritable MORE OVER- PRODUCTION compete
Natural Selection
variation
heritable
VARIATION
MORE
OVER-
PRODUCTION
compete
COMPETITION
survive
fit
NATURAL SELECTION
adaptations
pass on

33. Dead giraffe

34. Darwin
Survival of the fittest: survival of those best adapted individuals allows those best adapted traits to be passed on to offspring
Over time, the adaptation is seen in a greater number of individuals in the population because nature has selected the trait to help that organism survive.

35. Evolution : the theory that species change over time
Species: a group of organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring
Variation: a difference exhibited by a member of a species
Natural selection: the theory that organisms with favorable traits are more likely to survive, reproduce, and pass on their adaptations to their offspring
Adaptation: a beneficial trait that enables an organism to survive and reproduce

36. Videos

37. Mutation is a random process but natural selection is not

38. Practice 2: Natural Selection

40. Answer Analysis Questions
Page U minutes

41. Peppered Moth Activity

42. Peppered Moths Interactive Activity

43. Do Now What was Lamarck’s theory called? 2. Define Lamarck’s theory.
3. What is Darwin’s theory called?
4. Define Darwin’s theory.

44. Think about our peppered moth lab activity last class…
Do Now
Think about our peppered moth lab activity last class…
Which moth color was selected FOR? Explain. (Hint: which moth had the best adaptation)
2. Review question #7 on page U6-6 in your notes packet. What must be present within a population of species in order for natural selection to take place? Explain.

45. Mutation is a random process but natural selection is not

46. Do Now Throwback Thursday
What is an autotroph?
What is a heterotroph?
Give an example of each!

47. Study!! You have a quiz today on early earth, abiogenesis, biogenesis, endosymbiotic theory, and theories of evolution (Lamarck and Darwin).

48. Fossil evidence
1. Fossil Evidence: Fossils are the remains or traces of organisms that once lived. Fossils show us that life went from simple to complex, moved from water to land, and existed over 3 billion years ago.
Many found in sedimentary rock, which is formed from layers of slowly deposited sediments.
Two ways to date fossils:
Relative Dating: dating based on the observation that fossils in the
bottom = oldest, top = youngest
B. Absolute Dating: using radioactive isotopes to determine the exact age of a fossil.

49. anatomical
comparing anatomical (physical) features between organisms, looking for evolutionary similarities

51. anatomical
comparing anatomical (physical) features between organisms, looking for evolutionary similarities
Homologous structures: have similar parts, but different functions. Organisms with similar bone structures may have evolved from a common ancestor.
Vestigial structures: have no function in present day organism, but was probably useful in its past.

52. Vestigial Structures
Examples: human appendix and the leg bones of a whale. These structures provide further evidence of common structure and function.

53. Vestigial Structures

54. Vestigial Structures

55. Vestigial Structures

56. Comparative Embryology
lizard
turtle
pig
human

57. Biochemistry
Biochemistry: comparing DNA sequences between 2 different organisms
Can use a DNA fingerprint!

58. Practice 3: Evidence for Evolution (15 minutes)

60. Mechanisms
U6-11