1. Definitions

2. Systems and Software Engineering — Vocabulary ISO/IEC 24765*
Computer programs, procedures, and possibly associated documentation and data pertaining to the operation of a computer system. (ISO/IEC 24765)
Software Engineering
The application of a systematic, disciplined, quantifiable approach to the development, operation, and maintenance of software; that is, the application of engineering to software. (ISO/IEC 24765)
Web site –
* This document will replace IEEE , IEEE Standard Glossary of Software Engineering Terminology, which was contributed by the IEEE as a source document.
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3. Systems and Software Engineering — Vocabulary ISO/IEC 24765
Quality
1. The degree to which a system, component, or process meets specified requirements. (ISO/IEC 24765)
2. The degree to which a system, component, or process meets customer or user needs or expectations. (ISO/IEC 24765)
3. The totality of characteristics of an entity that bear on its ability to satisfy stated and implied needs. (ISO/IEC :2001 Software engineering -- Product quality -- Part 1: Quality model.)
4. Conformity to user expectations, conformity to user requirements, customer satisfaction, reliability, and level of defects present. (ISO/IEC 20926:2003 Software engineering -- IFPUG 4.1 Unadjusted functional size measurement method)
5. The degree to which a set of inherent characteristics fulfils requirements. (IEEE standard -A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK® Guide) -- Third Edition.)
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4. Systems and Software Engineering — Vocabulary ISO/IEC 24765
Quality Assurance (QA)
1. A planned and systematic pattern of all actions necessary to provide adequate confidence that an item or product conforms to established technical requirements (ISO/IEC 24765).
2. A set of activities designed to evaluate the process by which products are developed or manufactured. (ISO/IEC 24765)
Quality Control (QC)
1. A set of activities designed to evaluate the quality of developed or manufactured products. (ISO/IEC 24765)
2. The process of verifying one's own work or that of a co-worker. (ISO/IEC 24765)
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5. Systems and Software Engineering — Vocabulary ISO/IEC 24765
Defect.
A product anomaly. (IEEE IEEE Standard Dictionary of Measures to Produce Reliable Software).
An imperfection or deficiency in a project component where that component does not meet its requirements or specifications and needs to be either repaired or replaced. (A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK® Guide) -- Third Edition)
A problem which, if not corrected, could cause an application to either fail or to produce incorrect results. (ISO/IEC 20926:2003 Software engineering -- IFPUG 4.1 Unadjusted functional size measurement method -- Counting practices manual). See also: fault.
EXAMPLE
Omissions and imperfections found during early life cycle phases
Faults contained in software sufficiently mature for test or operation.
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6. ISO/IEC 12207* Quality Assurance Software Quality Assurance Process
All the planned and systematic activities implemented within the quality system, and demonstrated as needed, to provide adequate confidence that an entity will fulfil requirements for quality
NOTE 1- There are both internal and external purposes for quality assurance:
a) Internal quality assurance: within an organization, quality assurance provides confidence to management;
b) External quality assurance: in contractual situations, quality assurance provides confidence to the customer or others.
NOTE 2 - Some quality control and quality assurance actions are interrelated.
NOTE 3 - Unless requirements for quality fully reflect the needs of the user, quality assurance may not provide adequate confidence.
Software Quality Assurance Process
The purpose of the Software Quality assurance process is to provide assurance that work products and processes comply with predefined provisions and plans
* ISO/IEC 12207: Standard for Information Technology-Software Life Cycle Processes
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7. Capability Maturity Model Integration
Quality
The ability of a set of inherent characteristics of a product, product component, or process to fulfill requirements of customers.
Quality Assurance (QA)
A planned and systematic means for assuring management that the defined standards, practices, procedures, and methods of the process are applied.
Quality Control (QC)
The operational techniques and activities that are used to fulfill requirements for quality. (See also “quality assurance.”)
Process and Product Quality Assurance (PPQA)
The purpose PPQA is to provide staff and management with objective insight into processes and associated work products.
Developed by the Software Engineering Institute (SEI)
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8. Quality (Best Practice – Continuously Verify Quality)
The characteristics of having demonstrated the achievement of producing a product which meets or exceeds agreed-upon requirements, as measured by an agreed-upon process.
Meeting requirements
Identifying measures and criteria
to demonstrate the achievement of quality
Implementation of a process
to ensure the resulting product has achieved the desired degree of quality
to ensure that it can be repeated and managed
Source: Rational, Best Practices of Software Engineering
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9. Quality Assurance
Quality assurance consists of those procedures, techniques, and tools applied by professionals to ensure that a product meets or exceeds pre-specified standards during it’s development cycle.
E.H. Bersoff, 1984
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