1. By: Muhammad Zidny Naf’an
Data Type and Operator
By: Muhammad Zidny Naf’an

2. Data Type

3. data_type variable_name = value;
Declaration
Data type and variable declaration:
data_type variable_name;
Set a value to variable:
variable = value;
We can directly set a value to varible when declaration:
data_type variable_name = value;

4. Modification of Data Type

5. Operator
Operator  the sign that use for operating or manipulation Variable or value that operated called the operand
operand
operator

6. Arithmetic Operator Operator Information Example * multiply 2 * 3 /
divide
7 /2 %
modulus
5 % 4 = 1 +
add
4 + 5 -
subtraction
5 – 6

7. Arithmetic Operator
Using arithmetic operator

8. Assignment Operator To give a value to variable Ex: a = 1;
c = 2 + (b = 1);
a = b = c = d = e = 1;

9. Increment and Decrement Operator
Symbol of decrement operator: --
Used for subtracting by 1
The symbol of increment operator: ++
used for adding by 1
Ex:
x++ like with x = x + 1.
y-- like with y = y – 1.
Can be placed front (pre-) or behind (post-) operand.

10. Increment and Decrement Operator
The effect for placing the operator:
a = 7;
b = 2;
c = b + a++;
value of c is 9 not 10
that statements above like with this statement below:
c = b + a;
a = a + 1;

11. Increment and Decrement Operator
If increment operator placed in front of operand, so operand will add by 1 first.
Ex:
a = 7;
b = 2;
c = b + ++a;
that statements above like with this statement below:
a = a + 1;
c = b + a;
c = 10;

12. Bitwise Operator For manipulating bit
Bitwise operator only for int or char
Operator
Information
Example ~
Bitwise NOT
~25
<<
Shift bit to left
25 << 2
>>
Shift bit to right
25 >> 2
&
Bitwise AND
25 & 2 ^
Bitwise XOR
25 ^ 2 |
Bitwise OR
25 | 2

13. Bitwise Operator
Example

14. Compound Operator shorten assignment operator,
Example x = x + 2  x += 2

15. Relationship Operator
Compare the relationship between two operands
Operator
Information ==
Equal !=
Not equal
<
Less than
>
More than
<=
Less than or equal
>=
More than or equal

16. Relationship OperatorEx

17. statement1 ? statement12: statement3
Condition Operator
Obtain the value of two possibles, ex:
statement1 ? statement12: statement3
If statement1 true than the result equal with statement2, if false than statement3.

18. Condition Operator
Contoh:

19. Comma Operator
Placing two statement in one rule that need one statement
Example use in looping for:
for(i=0, j=0; i<10; i++, j--) { ..}

20. Logic Operator
Connecting two or more statements to make one condititon statement
Operator
Information
Example
&&
Logika AND
n && m ||
Logika OR
n || m !
Logika NOT !n

21. Logic Operator
Contoh:

22. Exercise
If x is integer, from these values, where the value can put to x? 10
5.7
40000
Change these formulas into C++ language

23. Exercise
A program to calculate the final score of a student has 5 variables for student name, student identification numbers, the value of the task, the mid term and final exam scores of the semester. The final value calculated by the formula: (task * 20%) + (midterm * 40%) + (final exam * 40%). Make the program!

24. Exercise
Write the program to display the number of days, hours, minutes, and seconds of inputin the form of the length of time in seconds. For example, input seconds will produce output 1 day, 3 hours, 46 minutes, 40 seconds. Input of the program is of type long integer. Program output is the number of days, hours, minutes, and seconds from the input.