1. Geography of Nile settlements

2. The environmental factors of an area affect people’s choices of where to settle.
These factors might include bodies of water, landforms, plant life, and weather.
Examine this drawing. In your notebook, identify at least three environmental factors that might affect your choice of where to settle.

3. There are many environmental factors that affect people’s choices of where to settle.
In ancient Mesopotamia, for example, people settled near the rivers. There, farmers could build irrigation systems to store floodwater for later use.
In this lesson, you will learn about three important environmental factors and their effect on early settlement.

4. What do we see?
Where is Khartoum Located in this image?
How do you know?
What is unique/interesting about where Khartoum is located?

5. What is unique about its location?
Khartoum
What is unique about its location?
How could civilization have started there?

6. What do we see in this picture?
What is unique/interesting?

7. “The Red Land” The barren desert “The Black Land”
The fertile Nile River Valley
The Nile River
“The Red Land”
The barren desert

10. The Ancient Greek Historian, Herodotus, said the Egypt was the recipient of the “Gift of the Nile..”
What did he mean by that?

11. How did geography affect early settlement?
Talk to your partner for 30 seconds, then you have 2 mins to write down as many as you can.

12. On a separate sheet of paper, draw a simple map of where you were born
On a separate sheet of paper, draw a simple map of where you were born. (need atlas) Your map should include the following:
• labels for three or more important physical features (bodies of
water and landforms) in your town
• shading on the areas containing vegetation that is best suited
for human settlement
• the letter “H” or another simple symbol to show the most likely
locations of the first human settlements
After you are done, answer the following question:
How did geography affect early settlement in your town?

13. The Important Uses of the Nile
1. Drinking & Bathing
The Nile provided the daily necessities of life in the Kingdom of Kush
The people of Kush depended upon the annual flooding of the Nile

14. The Important Uses of the Nile
2. Agriculture
Inundation: June - October - SHAIT
time of rising flood waters
farmers had time to build
Emergence: November - February- PIRUIT
the return of the water to the river
planted crops & trapped water for irrigation
Drought: March - June - SHEMU
Harvest time

15. The Important Uses of the Nile
3. Transportation
People built boats and traveled the Nile
The Nile linked all people - encouraged community life
Encouraged trade - used the surplus crops for barter

16. Ancient Egyptian Timeline
Archaic Era
6000 bc
Egypt was a grassland. Nomads traveled in search of food
Early Dynastic bc bc
King Menes united Upper & Lower Egypt. Established capital at Memphis.
Old Kingdom bc bc
Age of Pyramids. First man made mummies
Middle Kingdom bc bc
Rise of the Middle Class – trade becomes the center of the economy.
New Kingdom bc bc
Major trading expeditions. Akhenaten and Queen Hatshepsut
Ptolemaic Dynasty 304 bc - 30 bc
Alexander the Great conquers Egypt. Cleopatra is the last Pharaoh
Roman Period
30 bc ad
Romans take control of Egypt. Egypt never rises to greatness again.

17. Menes’s Upper Egypt army invades and conquers Lower Egypt
UNIFICATION OF EGYPT
Menes’s Upper Egypt army invades and conquers Lower Egypt