1. Charismatic, Transactional, and Transformational Leadership

2. Charismatic Power Self-confidence Vision
Ability to articulate the vision
Strong convictions about the vision
Behavior that is out of the ordinary
Change agent
Environmental sensitivity

3. Charismatic Leaders
"Never give in--never, never, never, never, in nothing great or small, large or petty, never give in except to convictions of honour and good sense. Never yield to force; never yield to the apparently overwhelming might of the enemy.''
Pictures from:
I know I have but the body of a weak and feeble woman; but I have the heart of a king, and of a king of England, too.

4. Max Weber
Adapted theological concept of charisma to leadership in general
Extraordinariness bestowed by followers, rather than God
Five requirements:
Extraordinary gifts
A crisis
A radical solution to the crisis
Followers who believe in a link, through leader, to transcendent powers
Validation through repeated success

5. Conger and Kanungo Charisma is attributed to leaders by followers
Depends on both leader attributes and the situation
Leader behaviors
Vision of change (within limits)
Self-sacrificing, risk-taking
Confidence
Environmental sensitivity

6. Other Approaches The Psychodynamic approach Social Contagion
Followers idolize or worship charismatic leader
Leader takes on followers’ unexpressed guilt, fears, etc.
Social Contagion
Personal identification with leader
Followers adopt symbols to set themselves apart from others
Identification spreads in manner of fashions or fads
Photos from:

7. Transformational and Transactional Leadership
Clarify task and role requirements
Provide structure and rewards
Meet subordinates’ social needs
Transformational leadership….
Broadens and elevates subordinates’ interests
Promotes awareness and acceptance of a shared vision
Moves employees to pursue the best interests of the organization

8. Becoming a Transformational Leader: The Four I’s
Idealized Influence
Serving as a role model
Inspirational Motivation
Encouraging subordinates to challenge processes and impart meaning to work
Intellectual Stimulation
Fostering subordinates’ sense of creativity and innovation
Individual Consideration
Attending and responding to individual needs