1. CO2 @ Nikhef CO2 @ Nikhef – History CO2 @ Nikhef - Who is Who
Nikhef - Work in Progress
Nikhef - Plans
A.P.Colijn

2. CO2 @ Nikhef - History CO2 cooling new?
Nikhef has over 10 years experience with CO2 cooling: AMS & LHCb (see talk Bart)
15kW CO2 compressor in 1897
A.P.Colijn

3. CO2 @ Nikhef – Who is Who? CO2 cooling project:
Expertise:
CO2 plant engineering
Construction
Welding (also Orbital)
Vacuum technology
Slow control - PVSS
CO2 cooling project:
Bart Verlaat – engineer,
Krista de Roo – physicist
Berend Munneke – engineer
Gertjan Mul – engineer
Luc Jansen – electronic engineer
Piet de Groen - electronic engineer
Martijn van Overbeek – instrumentation
Erno Roeland – instrumentation
Auke-Pieter Colijn – physicist
Stave & Petal projects:
Henk Schuilenburg,
Marco Kraan
Eric Hennes
Gerrit Brouwer
Hans Band,
Els Koffeman,
Nigel Hessey
A.P.Colijn

4. CO2 @ Nikhef – Work at Nikhef
Warm cooler – 20C
Cold cooler – -40C
Micro cooler – a.k.a. “The Espresso Machine”
LHCb vacuum accident simulator
Test Facility for:
IBL like cooling tube
Isolation at 0 bar: Is-0-bar
CF tubes
Stave structures
R&D projects
A.P.Colijn

5. The 2-Phase Accumulator Controlled Loop (2PACL)
Long distance P7
P4-5 5
Heat out
Heat out
Condenser 6
Heat in 4
Heat in 2 3
evaporator
2-Phase Accumulator 1
Heat exchanger
Restrictor
Pump
2PACL principle ideal for detector cooling:
Liquid overflow => no mass flow control
Low vapor quality => good heat transfer
No local evaporator control, evaporator is passive in detector
Very stable evaporator temperature control with 2-phase accumulator (P4-5 = P7)
Vapor
Liquid
Pressure 2 3
2-phase 4 P7 5 1 6
Enthalpy

6. Warm Cooler – 1kW @ +20C Aim: Study gear-pump behaviour
Accumulator
Condenser
Aim:
Study gear-pump behaviour
Cooling for R&D projects
PLC
warm cooler
Pressure[bar]
Pump unit
Enthalpy [J/g]
A.P.Colijn

7. Warm Cooler – Gather Pump first results
Day 1:
Pumps work and flow is established through plant: condenser uses ‘tap-water’ at 18C
Each pump can build up 4 bar
In series 7 bar is achieved
Two weeks later:
No flow, but condenser uses cooling water of 6C
Internal parts of pumps not compatible with CO2: pump gears are ‘jammed’ due to swelling of peek
CO2 compatible pump-parts under investigation with Gather
A.P.Colijn

8. Warm Cooler – What will you see?
The two Gather pumps removed from the cooling plant
Replaced by the spare LHCb pump. And then….
A.P.Colijn

9. Cold Cooler 1kW@-40C Aim: Prototype for …….. Facility for CO2 R&D.
PLC
Accumulator
Condenser
cold cooler
warm cooler
Enthalpy [J/g]
Pressure[bar]
Julabo cryostat
Pumps
Primary cooler

10. Micro Cooler -20C 5
Heat out
Heat out
Condenser
Heat in 4
Heat in 3
evaporator
2-Phase Accumulator
Heat exchanger
Restrictor
Pump
Condenser uses Peltier: dT of 20Watt
“Coffee-machine” pump
Control accu temperature with Peltier elements: cool+heat!
AMS 1liter accu with Peltier
A.P.Colijn

11. LHCb vacuum accident simulator (Krista de Roo)
Simulink model
Vacuum vessel
“Supply line”
Vacuum pump
A.P.Colijn

12. CO2 Test Facility: IBL cooling tube h
“Realistic” IBL dimension stainless cooling tube.
HTC
Ingenious pressure measurement
Erno Roeland & Martijn van Overbeek T1 T2 T3 T4 T5
70W
120W
1.2g/sec
0.0g/sec
0.8g/sec
A.P.Colijn

13. CO2 Test Facility: Is0bar (Berend Munneke)
Isolate cold supply line with vacuum.
Vacuum known isolator.
Inner line allowed “point” contact with outer wall
Easy to construct
Small envelope compared to normal isolation
Q: What are the effects of point contacts?
Q: What vacuum quality do we need?
A.P.Colijn

14. CO2 Test Facility: Other applications
GridPix R&D
Stave design for ATLAS upgrade
XFEL detectors
Anything that needs to be cool!
A.P.Colijn

15. Nikhef – Future ?
Construct mobile / exportable CO2 plant. If all goes well: ready spring 2010
Design IBL cooling pipework inside ATLAS
Construct a O(2kW) plant for IBL
A.P.Colijn

16. Mantra
CO2 is good for cooling CO2 is good for ATLAS CO2 is good for environment CO2 is good for everybody
A.P.Colijn