1. New World Beginnings
AP Chapters 1 & 2

2. Bering Land Bridge Nomadic Asian hunting parties….
Perhaps million “Native” Americans by 1490…
Over 2,000 separate cultures – varied in size & sophistication due to the development of agriculture…
No horse, oxen, or wheel, yet…

3. Inca (Peru)

4. Mayans (Central America)

5. Aztecs (Mexico)

6. Maize

7. The “Three Sisters”

8. Pueblo

9. Iroquois

10. “Vinland” – Leif Ericson 1000 AD

11. Crusades 11th-14th Centuries Created an appetite for:
Silk
Perfumes
Drapery
Spices
A need to trade directly with Asia

12. Portugal Leads the Way
Prince Henry “The Navigator”
Caravels

13. Portuguese creep along the coast of Africa…
Slavery
Bartholomeu Dias (1488)
Vasco da Gama (1498)

14. Spain: Ferdinand of Aragon & Isabella of Castile
Expelled “Moors” from Spain…
Competed with Portuguese … began to look westward

15. The Stage is Set for Europe…
The Nation-State Develops…
The Renaissance…
Rebirth of …
The Protestant Reformation…
Martin Luther (1517)
95 Theses
New Technologies…
Printing Press
Gunpowder
Mariner’s Compass

16. Christopher Columbus From Genoa, Italy Persuades Ferdinand & Isabella…
Nina, Pinta, Santa Maria

17. October 12, 1492

19. 1494
Papal Line of Demarcation – Treaty of Tordesillas

20. Amerigo Vespucci (1497)

21. Spanish Explorers: Vasco Nunez Balboa Ferdinand Magellan
Juan Ponce de Leon
Francisco Pizarro
Hernando de Soto
Francisco Coronado

22. Hernan Cortes (1519) Conquers the Aztec city of Tenochtitlan…
Montezuma believed …
Quetzalcoatl…

23. “Black Legend”

24. St. Augustine, FL

25. Other European Powers Explore
John Cabot…
Giovanni de Verranzano…
Jacques Cartier…

26. Henry VIII
“A Love Story”

27. Queen Elizabeth I

28. “Sea Dogs”
Sir Francis Drake
Sir Walter Raliegh

29. “Lost Colony” of Roanoke

30. The “Protestant Wind” defeats the Spanish Armada - 1588

31. Jamestown - 1607 Primogeniture Joint-Stock Companies…
Virginia Company of London
Jamestown site…

32. John Smith Kidnapped… “He who does not work, does not eat”
“Starving Time”

33. Lord De La Warr

34. Powhatan Father of Pocahontas…
His Indian Confederacy falls to the Three “D”s
Disease
Disorganization
Disposability

35. John Rolfe – Tobacco 1612

36. 1619 20 Africans sold as slaves in Jamestown…
London Company authorizes the House of Burgesses – 1st Legislature in America

37. Barbados Slave Codes

38. Maryland Lord Baltimore Refuge for English Catholics...
Tobacco Cultivation
Act of Toleration
Granted toleration to all Christians
Jews & Atheists get death penalty

39. English Civil War
Oliver Cromwell

40. Restoration
Charles II
Empire Building Resumes…

41. The Carolinas
South Carolina – Rice Cultivation & Plantation Economy similar to the West Indies
North Carolina – outcast small farmers who didn’t like aristocratic VA or SC

42. Georgia James Oglethorpe Serve as a buffer to Spanish in FL
Haven for imprisoned debtors
Religious Toleration (except Catholics)
John Wesley…

43. “Plantation Colonies” – Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina , Georgia & the West Indies
Staple Crops
Sugar
Tobacco
Rice
Slavery
Westward Movement
Greater Religious Tolerance