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A New Mass Culture Chapter 7 Section 4
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Lecture Focus Question
How did the new mass culture reflect technological and social changes?
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Movies Motion pictures wildly popular in the 20s Silent films
Charlie Chaplin and the “Little Tramp” 1927: “Talkies” → films with sound Al Jolsen and “The Jazz Singer”
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Jazz Music Roots: African-Americans in New Orleans, then Chicago and Harlem, NY Based on improvisation Black musicians, white audience Louis Armstrong, Bessie Smith, Duke Ellington Charleston and the flapper
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Modernist Literature Lost Generation: American writers of the 20s inspired by their “lost” condition to search for new truths & new ways of expressing them “lost”: disillusioned with 1920s cultural values Harlem Renaissance: writers and artists celebrated African American culture, explored questions of race in America, expressed joys/pains of being black in America
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Newspapers & Magazines
Tabloids: compact newspaper with large headlines, few words, and many pictures Magazine circulation increased dramatically Radio & phonographs broke sales records Advertisers eager for potential consumers Mass media created a common culture
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An Age of Heroes American Heroes won against all odds → the “underdog”
Challenged the unknown Represented the upbeat spirit America wanted to recapture
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Charles Lindbergh “Lucky Lindy” Flew solo nonstop from NY to Paris
Won the race (and $25,000) against all odds
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Amelia Earhart First woman to fly solo across the Atlantic
Attempted to fly around the world Disappeared mysteriously over the Pacific Challenged the unknown
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Sports Heroes Spectator sports became a big business during the 20s
1st highly publicized boxing fight & 1st heavyweight champion Baseball’s popularity explodes Babe Ruth: baseball hero
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Before (1900s): After (1920s): the Gibson Girl the Flapper
Very conservative Quiet-mannered, obedient Long dresses Long hair in elaborate hairdos Little make up Did not drink or smoke A moral example Big impact on women’s fashion and behavior Short dresses Hair was bobbed Heavy makeup Drank and smoked Rebellious, bold, energetic, fun-loving The “New Woman”
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Before: the Gibson Girl
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After: the Flapper
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Men’s Fashion
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Women in the Work Force Professional women held clerical positions
Mostly white, single Businesses remained prejudice against women Employers expected women to quit if they married or became pregnant
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Lecture Focus Question
How did the new mass culture reflect technological and social changes?
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