1. Greek Gods

2. Zeus
Zeus was the supreme god of the Olympians. He was the god of the sky. His weapon was a thunderbolt.

3. Hera
Hera was the goddess of marriage. Hera was the wife of Zeus and Queen of the Olympians. Hera’s symbol is the peacock.

4. Aphrodite
Aphrodite was the goddess of love, beauty and fertility. She was also a protector of sailors. Symbols associated with Aphrodite include, the swan, the dolphin, the rose and the dove.

5. Apollo
Apollo was the god of prophesy, healing, light and music. His symbols are a musical instrument called a lyre and a bow and arrows.

6. Hermes
Hermes was messenger of the gods. His symbol is a caduceus, which is a special staff.

7. Hephaestus
Hephaestus was the god of fire and crafts and hence the god of blacksmiths. His symbols and weapons are fire, the axe, pincers and the hammer.

8. Demeter
Demeter was the goddess of agriculture. She is often shown carrying a sheaf of grain. Her symbol is a sheaf of barley or wheat.

9. Athena
Athena was goddess of crafts, domestic arts and war. Her symbols are an owl, a shield and an olive branch.

10. Artemis
Artemis was the goddess of the hunt and the moon. Her symbols are the bow, the crescent moon and the hound.

11. Dionysus
Dionysus was the god of wine. His symbols include ivy, the snake and grapes.

12. Ares
Ares was god of war. His symbols are the spear and the helmet.

13. Poseidon
Poseidon was the god of the sea, earthquakes and horses. His symbols are the three-pronged trident and the dolphin.

14. Hades
Hades was the god of the underworld. His symbols are a helmet, metals and jewels.

15. Hestia
Hestia is the goddess of the hearth. She also protects families. Her symbol is fire.

16. New Literary Terms
For Critical Thinking

17. Literary Theme:
It is defined as being a main idea or an underlying meaning of a literary work that may be stated directly or indirectly.
Major Theme - a major theme is an idea that a writer repeats in his work, making it the most significant idea in a literary work.
Minor Theme - a minor theme, on the other hand, refers to an idea that appears in a work briefly and gives way to another minor theme.

18. Literary Motifs:
It is an object or an idea that repeats itself throughout a literary work.
Motif vs. Theme - a motif contributes toward the development of the/a theme. It is a recurrent image, idea or a symbol that develops or explains a theme while a theme is a central idea or message.
Motif vs. Symbol – a symbol, may be seen once or twice, but will represent something else and help to understand an idea or a thing.
Whereas, a motif is a reoccurring image, idea or sound that help to explain the central idea or theme of the text.