1. 3A.1 & 3A.2 Cells
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2. Cell
Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things.

3. Robert Hooke Built his own microscope Observed bark from oak trees
He would draw all of the things he was seeing.

4. Anton van Leeuwenhoek
Built microscopes in his spare time (improving on Hooke’s model)
He observed lake water, scrapings from teeth and gums, and water from rain gutters.
He observed living single celled organisms moving around in each of these samples.

5. Schleiden, Schwann, and Virchow
Schleiden: Concluded that plants were made of cells
Schwann: Concluded that animals were made of cells.
Virchow: Suggested new cells can only be created from other cells.

6. Cell Theory
Developed as a result of analyzing data gathered from experimentation.
Cell Theory has 3 Main Points
All living things are made up of one or more cells.
The cell is the basic unit of life.
All cells come from preexisting cells.

7. 1. All living things are made up of one or more cells.
Unicellular: An organism composed of one cell and all of life’s activities occur within that single cell.
Multicellular: An organism composed of more than one cell; Each cell carries out most of the major functions of life.

8. 2. A cell is the basic unit of life.
Cells carry out the basic functions for all living things.
They obtain energy, remove waste, and reproduce.
In multicellular organisms each cell has specific functions to preform
Ex.) Lung Cells are specifically designed to help you get oxygen.

9. 3. All cells come from preexisting cells.
Mitosis: The ability of cells to divide to form new cells
Needed for growth, replacement of cells, and asexual reproduction

10. Parts of the Cell Each part of the cell has a specific job
In order for a cell’s survival each part has to complete its job or the cell will die.

11. Cell Membrane The thin, flexible outer covering of a cell.
Controls what enters and leaves the cell.
Diffusion: One way in which materials can move between cells; materials move from areas with high concentration to areas with low concentration.
Osmosis: The Diffusion of water across a membrane

12. Cytoplasm Gel-like fluid inside of a cell made of mostly water
Organelles are imbedded here.

13. Nucleus Contains the genetic material (DNA) Control center of the cell
Mitosis occurs in the nucleus

14. Vacuole Act as temporary storage centers
Some store water; others store waste products until they can be eliminated from the cell

15. Chloroplast Where photosynthesis take place in plants
Contain chlorophyll (green pigment that absorbs light energy)

16. Photosynthesis
Plants use light energy (Sunlight), Carbon Dioxide (CO2), and water (H2O) to make glucose (C6H12O6) and Oxygen gas (O2).
Plants release Oxygen Gas (O2) as a waste product.
Glucose is used in cell respiration.

17. Mitochondria It is sometimes called the “powerhouse” of the cell
Energy producing sites in the cell where respiration takes place
The uses the energy to build, repair, and reproduce cells
Cells that require a larger amount of energy to function contain more mitochondria.

18. Cell Respiration
Glucose (C6H12O6) is broken down into Carbon Dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O)
This creates all the energy that the cell needs.
This process is complementary to Photosynthesis

19. Cell Wall Provides support and shape for plant cells
Made mostly of cellulose which provides a protective framework for the cell.

20. Lysosome
Organelles responsible for digesting certain materials within the cell.
Able to digest food, worn out organelles, and other cellular waste not needed for cell metabolism