1. Mrs. Bryant’s 5th Grade WJES
1920’s The Jazz Age
Mrs. Bryant’s 5th Grade WJES

2. Vocabulary Students –write all of this down
Cultural - relating to the culture. (adjective) Roaring - noisy, disorderly behavior, or boisterous behavior. (adjective) Jazz – music originating in New Orleans around the beginning of the 20th century. (noun) Flapper – a young woman, especially one who, during the 1920s, behaved and dressed in a boldly unconventional manner. (noun) Harlem - was a district in Manhattan in New York City. (noun) Renaissance -is a time of great interest and activity in the arts. Renaissance is French for “rebirth.” (adjective) 2

3. Vocabulary Students –write all of this down
Entertainment – something you do for pleasure, diversion, or amusement. (noun) Talkie – talking picture show (movie). (noun) Speak easy – a saloon or nightclub selling alcoholic beverages illegally, especially during Prohibition. (noun) Prohibition – the legal prohibiting of the manufacture and sale of alcoholic drinks for common consumption. (noun) Installment buying – when you buy something and pay monthly payments. (verb) Scarcity – insufficient or shortness of supply. (noun) Repealed – to revoke or withdraw formally or officially. (verb) 3

4. Georgia Standards SS5H4 The 1920s 4 Post World War 1 America 1920s
SS5H4b. Describe the cultural developments and individual contributions in the 1920s of the Jazz Age (Louis Armstrong), the Harlem Renaissance (Langston Hughes), baseball (Babe Ruth), the automobile (Henry Ford), and the airplane (Charles Lindbergh)
The 1920s

5. Times are changing
In the early part of the 20th century, new cultural developments encouraged people to loosen up! Americans enjoyed dance halls, fun music called jazz, sports, and new inventions like the radio and the automobile. This era was called the Jazz Age or the “Roaring Twenties.” 5

6. The Roaring 20’s
The early 1920s were good times for many people in the United States. People wanted to forget about the hardships of World War 1. They looked forward to new opportunities and wanted to enjoy themselves. For this reason, the 1920s are often called the Roaring Twenties. Many people thought these good times would go on forever. 6

7. The Jazz age
The first years of the 1920’s were also called the Jazz Age. Jazz was a new form of music that made its way from New Orleans to northern cities early in the decade. African American musicians created it. It is a style of music in which performers use brass, woodwind, and percussion instruments to improvise (to play without looking at notes) than rely on sheet music. The fast and spirited beat of jazz made it popular. It led to the creation of several new dances during the 1920’s. 7 The sound clip is Louis Armstrong & Duke Ellington

8. Jazz
Jazz was the first truly American form of music. It began in the South and the Midwest in the early 1900s and can now be heard around the world. What makes jazz unique is improvised playing—playing in which musicians create different melodies as they play. During the 1900s jazz developed many styles, including swing, bebop, and fusion. It also influenced rock and roll and other kinds of popular music. Today jazz continues to change and to surprise its listeners. As saxophone player John Coltrane said, “There are always new sounds to imagine; new feelings to get at.” 8 Duke Ellington and his band “C “Jam Blues

9. Jazz
Jazz was deeply influenced by the traditional music of West Africa as well as by ragtime, spirituals, and blues music sung by African Americans such as Bessie Smith. Some believe jazz started in clubs on the south side of Chicago. Others think it began in New Orleans with the music that African Americans played during funeral marches. Louis Armstrong and Jelly Roll Morton were two of jazz’s earliest performers. Their music and the music of other jazz artists were well liked by both black and white Americans. Jazz was so popular that the 1920s are sometimes referred to as the Jazz Age. Louis Armstrong- What a Wonderful World 9

10. Louis Armstrong Louis Armstrong - Mini Biography - YouTube 10
Individual contributions made a big impact in the 1920s. Louis Armstrong and other black musicians first played jazz music in New Orleans. Armstrong was a trumpet and cornet player as well as a singer. The popularity of jazz quickly spread to America’s biggest cities like Chicago and New York. Louis Armstrong rose from poverty to become a legend in jazz.
Louis Armstrong - Mini Biography - YouTube 10

11. Flappers
One of the most widely recognized symbols of the Jazz Age is the “flapper.” This term described women of the time who wore short skirts, short hair, and lots of makeup. Flappers also smoked cigarettes, and drank alcohol in public – things that were quite shocking for women to do in the 1920s. Flapper - Doris Eaton 11

12. Harlem Renaissance Harlem Langston Hughes
Another important movement among the African American community was the Harlem Renaissance. The Harlem Renaissance also influenced America during this period. This was an era when African American artists and writers expressed their talents. It was named for Harlem, New York, the mostly black community where it began. One of the most famous writers during this period was Langston Hughes. He wrote books, poetry, and drama – all combining experiences of African and American culture. 12
Harlem Langston Hughes

13. Langston Hughes
Langston Hughes was an author who wrote plays, poems, and novels. He was best known for his poetry and his sketches about an African American named Jesse Semple, who is known as “Simple.” Simple is an outspoken man who shows how an intelligent, but uneducated, proud African American might respond to different issues. 13 Langston Hughes – Bio Langston Hughes Poem

14. Enduring understandings
Movement / Migration
The movement or migration of people and ideas affects all societies involved. Moving to new places changes the people, land, and culture of the new place, as well as the place that was left.
Students – Write the question in your journal, and answer these questions in your journal.
How did the ideas of the artists, musicians, and writers of the Harlem Renaissance impact the rest of American society?
How did ideas from Harlem, New York spread to other parts of the United States?

15. Entertainment
Radio and the movies made the arts available to more of the nation’s people than ever before. Until the 1920s, radios were used as wireless telephones. They enabled people to speak to one another over long distances. People such as David Sarnoff, a radio operator, soon saw other uses for radio. His plan was to broadcast music to the radios in people’s homes. Business people in other parts of the country also saw the benefits of broadcasting news and entertainment into people’s homes. 15

16. Baseball & babe ruth
One of the most popular American heroes was Babe Ruth . This flamboyant and talented slugger brought new interest and excitement to the sport of baseball. In his 15 with the New York Yankees, the team won four World Series championships and Ruth set many hitting records. Ruth’s achievements and colorful personality, along with the new medium of radio, made baseball the most popular sport of the 1920s. 16 Babe Ruth- Part 1

17. Enduring Understandings
Beliefs and Ideals
Beliefs and ideals of a society influence the social, political, and economic decisions of that society. People’s ideas and feelings influence their decisions.
Students – Write this question in your journal, and answer it in your journal.
What impact did baseball and baseball stars like Babe Ruth have on American society?

18. Enduring Understandings
Individuals, Groups, Institutions
Actions of individuals, groups, and/or institutions affect society through intended and unintended consequences. What people, groups, and institutions say and do can help or harm others whether they mean to or not.
Students – Write these questions in your journal, and answer them in your journal.
How did individuals such as Louis Armstrong, Langston Hughes, & Babe Ruth influence American culture?
How did individuals such as Henry Ford and Charles Lindbergh change the face of American transportation?

19. Radio
Many people say that the very first broadcast by a radio station was done on November 2, From the top of an office building in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, two announcers for the radio station KDKA broadcast the results of the presidential election. Warren G. Harding had won against James M. Cox. Radio soon became very popular. By the end of the 1920s, more than 600 stations had joined KDKA on the air, and more than 13 million people in the United States owned radios. With radios, people could listen to music and news. Radios also brought sporting events from around the country into people’s homes. Millions listened to boxing matches, baseball games, tennis matches, and golf tournaments were broadcast over a radio. They listened while slugger George Herman “Babe” Ruth hit his sixtieth home run in First Radio Broadcast in America- KDKA

20. Movies
Like radio, the movies began before the 1920s. But early movies were silent. It was during the 1920s that movies got sound. The Jazz Singer, shown in 1927, was the first movie with voices. These movies became known as “talkies.” Within three years, millions of people were going to “talkies,” or movies with sound, each week. Jazz Singer- First "talkie“ 20

21. Transportation
In the Jazz Age, people were finally able to afford that new mode of transportation – the automobile. When ”horseless carriages” were first introduced in the 1890s, only the rich could afford them. Prices dropped in the early 1900s, as automakers as Henry Ford began using the assembly line for mass production. Automobiles were now more affordable for more people. This resulted in 1)greater mobility (people could move about easily, and they could arrive at their destinations much quicker), 2)creation of jobs, 3)growth of transportation-related industries (road construction, oil, steel, and automobile), and 4) the movement to suburban areas (people didn’t have to live close to their work in the cities
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22. Automobiles & Henry Ford
As automobile sales boomed, so did the building of roads. In 1915 less than $300 million was spent to build roads. Just 10 years later more than $1 billion was spent to build roads. About a billion dollars was spent every year for the next five years. The popularity of automobiles also helped automobile-related industries grow. Steel sales doubled in the 20 years after Henry Ford created the Model T. During the same 20-year period, the making of rubber became a huge industry because rubber is used to make tires. In addition, automobiles caused new businesses to spring up. The first service stations, were a place car owners could buy gasoline and get their automobile fixed at these stations s Automobile & Henry Ford

23. 1920 Automobile

24. Enduring Understandings
Location
Location affects a society’s economy, culture, and development. Where people live matters.
Students – Write these questions down in your journal, and answer them in your journal.
How does a business choose the best location to build its factories or shops?
Why is choosing a good location important in distributing goods and services among the United States and other countries?

25. Installment buying
After making sacrifices during the war, people wanted many of the consumer goods that were available, and they wanted them quickly. This was especially true of the automobile. Installment buying made it possible for people to buy automobiles and other items without having to pay the whole price at one time. Installment buying allows a buyer to take home a product after paying only part of the price. The buyer then makes monthly payments, or installments, until the full price of the product has been paid. 25

26. Installment buying
“Pay as you ride!” urged automobile sellers across the country. People did. More than three-fourths of all the automobiles bought in 1925 were paid for in installments. Installment buying made many consumer goods affordable to most people in the nation. For example, in 1929 a person could buy a piano that cost $450 by paying only $15 at the time of the purchase and then $12 each month until the full price had been paid. A person could bring home a new couch by paying just $5 and then making the monthly payments. Part of each monthly payment went to pay for the item. The rest helped to pay the interest, or the money a borrower pays to a lender for the use of money. People did not worry about promising their future earnings to get something today. However, some fell deeper and deeper in debt. People were spending more and more money that they did not have. Installment Buying- 1920s Economics 26

27. Charles Lindbergh
The development of the airplane was important during World War 1. Interest in planes to grow after the war ended. Charles Lindbergh had much to do with the growing popularity of planes. Lindbergh worked delivering mail by plane between the cities of St. Louis and Chicago. He predicted that “in a few years the United States will be covered with a network of passenger, mail and express lines.”

28. New York to Paris
In 1927 Lindbergh decided to try something that had never been done before. He would try to fly from New York to Paris, France, alone and without making any stops. If he succeeded, he would get a $25,000 prize at the end of the trip. The prize money had been offered eight years earlier by a New York hotel owner. For the trip, Lindbergh would fly a newly built plane that he named the Spirit of St. Louis. Its name honored a group of St. Louis businesspeople who had helped pay for the plane. On May 20, 1927, took off from an airfield near New York City. After flying more than 3,600 miles in more than 30 hours without stopping, Lindbergh landed safely at a Paris airfield. 28 Charles Lindberg -From New York to Paris

29. Commercial Industry
Lindbergh’s flight helped convince the world that airplane travel could become important. Soon, aviation became an important commercial industry. A commercial industry is an industry that is run to make a profit. Between 1926 and 1930 the number of people traveling by plane each year grew from about 6,000 to about 400,000. By 1935 there were four major airlines in the regular flights in the United States. Amelia Earhart also helped boost people’s interest in aviation. In 1932 she became the first woman to fly alone across the Atlantic, from Newfoundland, in Canada to Ireland where she landed in a pasture. 29

30. Enduring Understanding
Conflict and Change
When there is conflict between or within societies, change is the result. Conflict causes change.
Students – Write these questions in your journal, and answer them in your journal.
How did the Jazz Age change America?
Why is the period from 1918 to 1929 called the “Jazz Age”? 30

31. Enduring understandings
Scarcity
Scarcity of all resources forces parties to make choices and that these choices always incur a cost. Because people can not have everything they want, they have to make choices.
Students – Write these questions in your journal, and answer them in your journal.
What happens when something is scarce?
What does scarcity force people to do? 31

32. Economic
SS5E1- Use the basic economic concepts of trade, opportunity cost, specialization, voluntary exchange, productivity, and price incentives to illustrate historical events. 32

33. Technology rocks
Advances in technology helped American businesses make giant leaps in productivity during the 19th and 20th centuries. Talented Americans continued to develop exciting new inventions year after year. We wouldn’t be where we are today without them. Examples of important technological advancements include: 33

34. Steel
New method of making steel- now factories could make engines, machines, tools, and railroad tracks, just to name a few things. Before the Bessemer Process, steel was really hard to make. Bessemer Process- The Bessemer process was the first inexpensive industrial process for the mass-production of steel from molten pig iron. 34

35. Technological advancements
Railroads transported goods to new markets.
Electricity – factories had lights and power for machines.
Telephone- businesses could communicate quickly and easily.
Interchangeable parts, mass production, and assembly lines- everything could be made more quickly. 35

36. Technological advancements
Sewing machine- the start of a massive clothes manufacturing industry. Refrigeration- meat could be stored and shipped across the country Automobile- gave people the ability to travel further for business and pleasure. Computer & Internet- increased business productivity in too many ways to count. 36

37. Enduring understandings
Technological Innovation
Technological innovations have consequences, both intended and unintended, for a society. New technology has many types of different consequences, depending on how people use that technology.
Students – Write these questions in your journal, and answer them in your journal.
How did the availability of the automobile and airplane transportation affect American society?
What new technologies were created during the 1920s?
How did these technological advancements change the lives of Americans?
How did these technological advancements change American business?

38. Economic
SS5E2 Economic Understandings- Describe the functions of the three major institutions in the U.S. economy in each era of United States history. SS5E2a. Describe the household function in providing resources and consuming goods and services. SS5E2b. Describe the private business function in producing goods and services. SS5E2c. Describe the bank function in providing checking accounts, saving accounts, and loans. SS52d. Describe the government function in taxation and providing certain goods and services. 38

39. Economic - Households
In economics, the two factors of production are labor (work done by humans) and capital (land, machines, buildings, services, etc). Households are made up of people, and people are resources. They provide services. In return for their labor, households (people) receive wages, or money. What do they do with this money? They consume goods (like food, cars, clothes, TVs, etc) and services (like those provided by doctors, lawyers, barbers, electricians, plumbers, etc). Households provide resources in the form of labor, then turn around and use the money received from their labor to consume goods and services. The money received for these goods and services helps drive the economy

40. Economic – Private business
Private business has always had a very important function in American history. Businesses provide the goods and services needed by the people. Before the Civil War, most businesses were small and run by a family. Merchants were some of the most successful businessmen. They sold goods that people could not easily make themselves. By the turn of the century, new inventions launched new businesses. Factories hired lots of people to sew clothes, pact meat, weave textiles, pour steel, and assemble products. Service industries like accounting and legal services grew to support workers and industries Business 40

41. Economic - Banks
What do banks do with all the money people give them? Banks function to provide checking accounts, savings accounts, and loans to people in the community. People put their money in banks because it is safer than keeping the money at home. They can also earn interest, which is a fee paid by the bank for the use of their money.
Checking Account : account where you can withdraw funds by writing a check.
Savings Account : account that earns interest but is not withdrawn by check writing
Loan : money borrowed that is usually repaid with additional interest charges 41

42. Economic- banks
Banks have changed. The United States had a national bank until After that, the states set up their own banking systems. That turned into a mess and many banks failed. In 1863, Congress created a national banking system. The government watches it very closely with lots of regulations. 42

43. Economic - government
The United States government functions to serve the people. It provides many goods and services. Here are just a few:
National defense – military weapons, people, and equipment
Transportation – highways, mass transit systems, airports
Education- grants for schools
Income security- Social security, Medicare, unemployment insurance
Veterans’ benefits – support for disabled soldiers and their families 43

44. Economic - government
How does the government pay for all these services? Taxes Taxes are collected by the local, state, and federal governments and are used to pay for public goods and services. There is a tax on the food we eat and the clothes we wear. Your parents pay taxes on the money they earn at work. These are known as income taxes. But without taxes, we would not have many of the goods and services we use every day. The power to tax is given to the government by the U.S. Constitution. Here’s a brief history of taxation and the government: 44

45. economic
Early America- most revenue came from customs duties on imported goods After the Civil War until most revenue came from taxes on liquor and tobacco th Amendment passed, allowing collection of income taxes. (But less than one percent of people had to pay.) 45

46. Amendments
SS5CG3 Explain how amendments to the U.S. Constitution have maintained a representative democracy. SS5CG3b Explain how voting rights were protected by the 15th, 19th, 23rd, 24th, and 26th amendments. 46

47. 15th Amendment
No citizen shall be denied the right to vote because of “race, color , or previous of servitude.”
15th Amendment 47

48. 19th Amendment
The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged [taken away] by the United States or by any state on account or sex [male or female] 48 19th Amendment

49. 23rd Amendment
Presidential electors for District of Columbia – This amendment grants three electoral votes to the national capital [Washington, D.C.] 23rd Amendment 49

50. 24th Amendment
Ban on Poll Taxes No United States citizen may be prevented from voting in a federal election because of failing to pay a tax to vote. Poll taxes had been used in some states to prevent African Americans from voting. 24th Amendment 50

51. 26th Amendment
The right to vote The right of citizens of the United States, who are 18 years of age or older, to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or any state on account of age. 26th Amendment 51

52. Prohibition
Prohibition was a period of nearly fourteen years of U.S. history in which the manufacture, sale, and transportation of liquor was made illegal. It led to the first and only time an Amendment to the U.S. Constitution was repealed. 52

53. Prohibition
Prohibition in the United States focused on the manufacture, transportation, and sale of alcoholic beverages; however, exceptions were made for medicinal and religious uses. Alcohol consumption was never illegal under federal law. Nationwide prohibition did not begin in the United States until 1920, when the Eighteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution went into effect, and was repealed in 1933, with the ratification of the Twenty-first Amendment. 53

54. 18th Amendment
The 18th Amendment "The 18th Amendment to the United States Constitution prohibited the manufacture, sale, transport, import, or export of alcoholic beverages. Upon ratification of the amendment by the states, Congress voted its approval in October 1919, and enacted it into law as the National Prohibition Act of Drafting of the amendment and of the bill was the work, in large part, of Wayne Wheeler, the legislative lawyer of the Anti-Saloon League. The duty to sponsor the bill before Congress fell to the chair of the Judiciary Committee, Andrew J. Volstead, U.S. Representative from the Minnesota 7th Congressional District." 54
A newspaper headline tells that the 18th Amendment has been ratified. It would take effect in one year

55. Al Capone
Al Capone was the most notorious gangster of his generation. Born in 1899, Capone settled in Chicago to take over Johnny Torrio's business dealing with outlawed liquor. Within three years, Capone had nearly 700 men at his disposal. As the profits came in, Capone acquired finesse—particularly in the management of politicians. By the middle of the decade, he had gained control of the suburb of Cicero, and had installed his own mayor. Capone's rise to fame did not come without bloodshed. Rival gangs, such as the Gennas and the Aiellos, started wars with Capone, eventually leading to a rash of killings of epic proportions. In 1927, Capone and his gang were pulling in approximately $60 million per year- most of it from beer. Capone not only controlled the sale of liquor to over 10,000 speakeasies, but he also controlled the supply from Canada to Florida. Capone was imprisoned for tax violations and died January 25, 1947, from a heart attack and pneumonia

56. Speakeasy
A speakeasy, also called a blind pig or blind tiger, is an establishment that illegally sells alcoholic beverages. Such establishments came into prominence in the United States during the Prohibition era (1920–1933, longer in some states). During that time, the sale, manufacture, and transportation (bootlegging) of alcoholic beverages was illegal throughout the United States. Speakeasies largely disappeared after Prohibition was ended in 1933, and the term is now used to describe some retro style bars. 56

57. 21st Amendment
The Twenty-first Amendment (Amendment XXI) to the United States Constitution repealed the Eighteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, which had mandated nationwide Prohibition on alcohol on January 17, The Twenty-first amendment was ratified on December 5, It is unique among the 27 Amendments of the U.S. Constitution for being the only one to repeal a previous Amendment, and for being the only one to have been ratified by the method of the state ratifying convention. 57

58. Are You ready to take the Test?
If you have taken good notes, and answered all the questions in your social studies journal, then you are ready. Go back and read over your notes. If you have any questions ask Mrs. Bryant , to help you understand it