1. 高等院校研究生英语系列教材
综合教程（下）
INTEGRATED COURSE

2. Unit 5
The Art of the Tale 2 2

3. Practical Translation Focused Writing Final Project
Content
Starting out
Reading Focus
Reading More
Practical Translation
Focused Writing
Final Project

4. Task 1 Starting out—Task 1
Match the writers in the left column with their works in the right column on Page 126.
Key:
O. Henry: The Gift of the Magi
Anton Chekhov: The Man in a Case
Katherine Mansfield: The Garden Party
Guy de Maupassant: The Necklace
Edgar Allan Poe: The Tell-Tale Heart
Mark Twain: Running for Governor

5. Task 1 Starting out—Task 1
Work in pairs. Tell one of these stories to your partner. (P126)
The Gift of the Magi: Jim and Della live in a furnished flat in New York City, scraping by on a minimal income in the early years of their marriage. On Christmas Eve, Della sells her beautiful, long hair for money to buy Jim a platinum chain for his pocket watch. On the same day, Jim sells his heirloom pocket watch to buy a set of hair combs that Della has admired. Although each is disappointed to find the gift they chose rendered useless, each is pleased with the gift they received, because it represents their love for one another.

6. Starting out—Task 1
The Man in a Case: The story is told about Byelikov, “the man in a case”. Byelikov, a Greek-language teacher at a provincial school, is extraordinarily methodical both in his personal and professional life. A strict disciplinarian, he never makes exceptions to the rules. He always does things in the proper way, determined to avoid even the appearance of impropriety. Although he and his colleagues have nothing to speak about, he regularly visits each one of them because it is the accepted thing to do. Every time something slightly irregular comes up, Byelikov cries, “Oh, how I hope it doesn’t reach the ears of the authorities!” Naturally, the other teachers hate him. At one point, Byelikov becomes enamored of Varinka, the sister of Kovalenko, a new teacher at the school. Everyone encourages this relationship, hoping that marriage will have a moderating influence on Byelikov. However, someone draws a humorous caricature of Byelikov and Varinka. Then, Byelikov sees Varinka and her brother bicycling in the park. Outraged, Byelikov goes to the brother to protest this scandalous behavior, but Kovalenko pushes him down some steps. Byelikov then becomes depressed, takes to his bed, and dies, thereby truly becoming a man in a box.

7. Starting out—Task 1
The Garden Party: The Sheridans are getting ready for a garden party. Laura is supposed to be in charge, but the workers appear to know better, and her mother has ordered lilies to be delivered for the party without her approval. Miss Jose, her sister, tests the piano, and then sings a song in case she is asked to do so again later; the furniture is rearranged, and then they learn that their poor neighbor, Mr. Scott, who lives in a cottage near their main street, has died. While Laura believes the party should be called off, neither Jose nor her mother agrees. The party is a success, and later Mrs. Sheridan decides it would be good of them to bring a basket full of leftover food to the Scotts’ house. She summons Laura to do so. The latter is let into the poor neighbors’ house by Mrs. Scott’s sister, and then sees the matron herself and her late husband’s corpse. The sight of his apparently sleeping body moves her to tears, and she runs off back to her own home, where she sobs in her brother Laurie’s arms.

8. Starting out—Task 1
The Necklace: A young lady who aspires to join the upper ranks of society is finally invited to a high-society affair given by her husband’s employer. Hoping to impress the guests and thus “fit in”, she borrows a diamond necklace from her friend. She goes to the evening party, and relishes in feeling special. When she gets home, however, she finds that the necklace is missing. She and her husband search desperately for it, but cannot find it. They go to a shop, and see that the same necklace is being sold for a huge amount of money. They purchase it, vowing to pay off the debt. It takes years, but after working ceaselessly, they pay off all the debt. By that time, the woman has completely lost her beauty. She bumps into the old friend on the street, and confesses to her that she had lost her original necklace, and had just paid off the debt on the one that had been given to replace it. The friend is in shock, and tells her that the necklace originally given her was a fake, and cost almost nothing.

9. Starting out—Task 1
The Tell-tale Heart

10. Starting out—Task 1 Running for Governor:
The story is about a farcical election happening in the United States, in which Mark Twain is nominated for governor of the great state of New York. During the course of election, he is tarnished by his political opponents, and slandered by newspapers as “The Infamous Perjurer Twain”, “Twain the Montana Thief”, “Twain, the Body-Snatcher”, “Mr. Delirium Tremens Twain”, “Twain the Filthy Corruptionist” and “Twain the Loathsome Embracer”. What is worse, nine little toddling children, of all shades of color and degrees of raggedness are taught by his opponents to rush on to the platform at a public meeting, and to clasp Twain around the legs and called him “Pa!” . This candidate finally gives up.

11. Useful words and expressions:
Starting out—Task 1
Task 1
Discuss the following questions in groups, using the above short stories as examples.
1. What are short stories? Are short stories different from novels?
2. What are the characteristics of short stories? (P126)
Useful words and expressions:
plot; character; setting; single; dramatic; beginning; ending; climax; crisis; turning point; abrupt; moral

12. The Best Storyteller (P126)
Starting out—Task 2
Task 2
The Best Storyteller (P126)
Work in groups of five. Each of you will write down on a piece of paper one of the integral parts of a short story: when, where, who, what, or how.
Make up a short story based on the combination of the clues you have written down.
Tell the story to the whole class. Then vote for the best story.

13. Starting out
The Tell-tale Heart
Now watch a short version of an animated film based on Edgar Allan Poe’s The Tell-tale Heart. Listen carefully and complete the blank-filling exercise.

14. Starting out
An old man in an old house. A good man ____________. He had never ____________ me. I didn’t want his gold, if gold there was. Then what was it? I think… I think it was his eye. Yes, that eye… the eye. That. His eye __________. I opened the old man’s door. The eye was always ____________. For seven days I waited. You think me mad? What mad man would wait, could wait so __________? So long? What? Yelp.
I suppose
harmed
staring
closed
patiently

15. Starting out
For an hour I did not ______________. Then something else, ______ and muffled, yet… Of course, it was the beating of the old man’s heart. I had to stop it… Then it was over. The heart was _________. The eye was dead. I was free. But there was still work to be done. I ____________ the planks so carefully… no eye, not even his, could find anything wrong.
move a muscle
dull
still
replaced

16. Starting out
Eh? So soon? “The neighbors __________________. We are __________ to investigate.” “That is our duty. Where is the old man?” “Gone to the city.” “Nothing ____________ here.” Then I heard it. It might have been a hand, a clock. But no, louder, and ____________.
reported the scream
obliged
out of place
still louder

17. Starting out
They must hear it. Yet they sit and talk and talk. They must. Of course they do. They know. They do. They are ____________ me, watching me, ____________ so that I… that I… Stop it. Stop it, ____________. Yes, yes, I did it. It’s there, under the floor. Oh, stop it! It is the beating of his ____________. True, I’m nervous, very, very ____________ nervous. But why will you say that I’m mad?
torturing
letting it beat
you devils
hideous heart
dreadfully

18. Reading Focus
An Alpine Divorce

19. Reading Focus
Background Information 1
Global Understanding 2
Detailed Information 3
Critical Thinking 4
Language Points 5
Vocabulary in Action 6

20. Background Information
Watch the first part of a movie adapted from Jane Austin’s novel Pride and Prejudice, which portrays the life of the middle class in late 18th and early 19th century England. Then answer the following questions.
Characters: Mr Bennet, Mrs Bennet, and their five daughters (Jane, Elizabeth, Mary, Kitty, and Lydia)

21. Background Information
1) Who has rented Netherfield Park?
Mr Bingley, a wealthy young gentleman.
2) How much money does Mr Bingley earn every year?
5,000 pounds.
3) Why does Mrs Bennet urge her husband to visit Mr Bingley?
She’s desperate to marry one of her daughters to him.
4) What’s Mr Bennet’s impression of Mr Bingley?
Good. “I will give my hearty consent to his marrying whichever girl he chooses,” Mr Bennet says.
5) What will happen tomorrow?
There will be a ball.

22. Task 1 Reading Focus – Global Understanding
Character, setting and plot are integral parts of a short story Answer the following questions. (P135)
1. What was the relationship between the main characters?
They were husband and wife in an extremely bad relationship.
2. When and where did the story take place?
In England and Switzerland in 19th century.
3. What is the clue in the story?
Divorce is the clue. They were unable to get a divorce, and both were seeking ways to get rid of each other as a substitute for a real divorce.
4. What happened to the main characters?
The husband planned to push the wife off a cliff in Switzerland, but unexpectedly the wife had told everybody that he was to murder her, and then killed herself by jumping into the abyss.

23. Work in pairs and retell the story. (P135)
Reading Focus – Global Understanding
Work in pairs and retell the story. (P135)
John Bodman and his wife were always at one __________ or the other. Despite their _______________ of temper, they could not get a divorce. Their __________ of each other became so bitter that the husband __________ to get rid of his wife in a way that would seem like an accident. When he __________ his plan to take a vacation in Switzerland, she decided to go with him as usual. The Hanging Outlook, in the __________ of the inn where they were staying, boasted nothing but treacherous mountain trails and high points overlooking into a deep abyss. He decided it was exactly the __________ for him to push her off the mountain.
extreme
incompatibility
hatred
resolved
announced
vicinity
spot

24. Reading Focus – Global Understanding
The next morning, he went there with her, apparently for a walk but actually to attempt __________. When the wife saw no prospect of a change in their relationship, she jumped into the abyss herself, leaving the husband standing alone in ______________. At that moment, two men appeared who had followed the couple all the way there because she had __________ people at the inn, as well as her friends in England, that her husband intended to kill her.
murder
bewilderment
warned

25. Reading Focus – Detailed Information
Task 2
Decide on the best choice for each of the following questions or incomplete statements. (P135)
Key: B A C D D C B B A A C D

26. Reading Focus
Critical Thinking

27. Reading Focus—Critical Thinking
Work together with your partner to answer the following questions based on the text. (P137)
1. Do you agree with the author in saying that there’s no probability of the right man meeting the right woman? Give your reasons.
2. Can you analyze the inner feelings of the wife that led her to take such an action at the end?
3. Do you think there could be a better way out? If so, give examples.

28. Reading Focus – Language Point
1. This probably would have mattered little had he not married a wife whose nature was an exact duplicate of his own. (Para. 1)
duplicate (n.): an exact copy of something that you can use in the same way
e.g. 1) 她将复制品和原作都保留着。
She kept both the duplicate and the original.
2) I only have one house key, but I’ll have a duplicate made for when you visit.
duplicate (v.): copy something exactly
e.g. 1) New copies of the form can be duplicated from a master copy.
2) The video was duplicated illegally.

29. Reading Focus – Language Point
duplicate (adj.): exactly the same as something, or made as an exact copy of something
e.g. 1) a duplicate key
2) A duplicate copy should be made for the county record office.

30. Reading Focus – Language Point
2. Marriage at best is but a compromise, and if two people happen to be united who are of an uncompromising nature there is bound to be trouble. (Para. 2)
compromise (n.): an agreement that is achieved after everyone involved accepts less than what they wanted at first, or the act of making this agreement 妥协，折中办法
e.g. 1) To stop the argument they decided on a compromise.
2) The government has said that there will be no compromise with terrorists.
compromise (v.): reach an agreement in which everyone involved accepts less that what they wanted at first 妥协，折中
e.g. The President might be willing to compromise on defense spending.

31. Reading Focus – Language Point
uncompromising: adj. unwilling to change your opinions or intentions 不妥协的
e.g. At work, George was known as an uncompromising businessman.
be bound to: be very likely to
e.g. 1) Don’t lie to her. She ________________ (她肯定会发 现的).
2) _______________________ (肯定会有变化) when the new system is introduced.
翻译：婚姻充其量不过是一种妥协，而如果恰好两个个性 上互不妥协的人结合了，那就肯定会有麻烦。
is bound to find out
There are bound to be changes

32. Reading Focus – Language Point
3. In some parts of the world, incompatibility of temper is considered a just cause for obtaining a divorce, but in England no such subtle distinction is made, and so until the wife became criminal, or the man became both criminal and cruel, these two were linked together by a bond that only death could sever. (Para. 4)
compatible, incompatible, incompatibility
1) An _____________ problem prevents the two pieces of software from being used together.
2) The success of a relationship depends largely on how ____________ two people are and how well they communicate.
3) The centre gives advice to women who find the demands of marriage and work ____________.
incompatibility
compatible
incompatible

33. Reading Focus – Language Point
4. Perhaps, however, that statement held only up to a certain point, for John Bodman had reached a state of mind in which he resolved to get rid of his wife at all hazards. (Para. 4)
resolve: v.
1) make a definite decision to do something
e.g. 1)离婚后，她决定从此不再结婚。
After the divorce she resolved never to marry again.
2) Henry下定决心戒烟。
Henry resolved that he would stop smoking.

34. Reading Focus – Language Point
2) find a satisfactory way of dealing with a problem or difficulty [= solve]
e.g. 1) The crisis was resolved by negotiations.
危机通过斡旋得到了解决。
2) Barnet was desperate for money to resolve his financial problems.

35. e.g. the Sahara Desert 撒哈拉沙漠
Reading Focus – Language Point
5. If he had been a poor man he would probably have deserted her, but he was rich, and a man cannot freely leave a prospering business because his domestic life happens not to be happy. (Para. 4)
desert:
1) v. leave someone or something and no longer help or support them [= abandon]
e.g. 1) The price rise caused many readers to desert the magazine.
2) Many of the party’s traditional voters deserted it at the last election.
2) n. a large area of land where it is always very hot and dry, and there is a lot of sand
e.g. the Sahara Desert 撒哈拉沙漠

36. 1) used in the home; connected with the home or family
Reading Focus – Language Point
domestic: adj.
1) used in the home; connected with the home or family
e.g. 1) Domestic problems are affecting his work.
2) The store sells a wide range of domestic appliances.
2) relating to or happening in one particular country and not involving any other countries
e.g. 1) gross domestic product (GDP) 国内生产总值
2) Domestic flights (=flights that stay inside a particular country) go from Terminal 1.
3) (of an animal) that lives on a farm or in someone’s home
e.g. domestic animals such as dogs and cats

37. Reading Focus – Language Point
6. Mrs. Bodman well knew how much her presence afflicted her husband, but her nature was as relentless as his, and her hatred of him was, if possible, more bitter than his hatred of her. (Para. 6)
afflict (v.) : affect someone or something in an unpleasant way, and make them suffer
e.g. 1) This type of pneumonia frequently afflicts elderly people.
2) He must learn to relax more, not be racked by the tortured tenseness that had afflicted him for the past weeks.

38. Reading Focus – Language Point
7. On this occasion he did not protest, as was usual with him, and so to Switzerland this silent couple departed. (Para. 6)
The first half of this sentence means: He would usually protest and object to his wife’s accompanying him wherever he went, but this time he didn’t.

39. Reading Focus – Language Point
8. Now that the thought of murder arose in his mind, a certain spot two miles distant from this inn continually haunted him. (Para. 8)
haunt: v. make someone think or worry about something over a long period of time
e.g. 1) Memories of the war still haunt him.
2) The images of these hopeless, hungry people haunted her, filling her with outrage.
这些人无家可归，饥肠辘辘的景象一直萦绕在她心 头，令她忿忿不平。

40. Reading Focus – Language Point
9. There was a sheer drop of more than a mile straight down, and at the distant bottom were jagged rocks and stunted trees that looked, in the blue haze, like shrubbery. (Para. 9)
sheer (adj.):
1) very steep, almost vertical
e.g. The coastguard patrols paths at the top of high and sheer cliffs.
2) complete and not mixed with anything else
e.g. The concert was sheer delight.
3) thin, light and almost transparent

41. Reading Focus – Language Point
sheer (adv.): straight up or down in an almost vertical line
e.g. On their left it sloped gently away and on the right it fell sheer, in steep crags.
sheer (n.): change direction suddenly, especially in order to avoid something
e.g. Finally on the fourth day one of the anchor ropes sheered through and we lost that anchor to the gale.

42. Reading Focus – Language Point
10. Curiously enough, when they came within sight of the Hanging Outlook, Mrs. Bodman stopped and shuddered. (Para. 17)
strangely/oddly/curiously etc. enough
e.g. 1) Strangely enough, I didn't feel at all nervous when I faced the audience.
2) Oddly enough, the most expensive tickets sold fastest.
3) The Japanese company—founded, curiously enough, by an American—had a reasonably successful history in the video arcade business in Japan and in the US, but it seemed too small and too specialized to make inroads into Nintendo's vast consumer business.

43. Key 1- 2- 3- 4- 5- 6- 7- 8- 9- 10- 11- 12- 13- 14- 15- A C D B C B C D
Reading Focus – Vocabulary in Action
Task 1
Choose the answer that is closest in meaning to the underlined word or phrase in the sentence. (P.138)
Key A C D B C B C D A C B D D A B

44. Task 2 Reading Focus – Vocabulary in Action
Each of the words in the box can be used as different parts of speech. Fill in each of the blanks with an appropriate word from the box. Change the form if necessary. (P139)
desert protest level slip
revenge duplicate sheer skirt
1) I stood at the edge of the old quarry (采石场), with a __________ drop of ten or twenty meters below me.
2) Harriet glanced around, wondering if she could __________ out unnoticed.
3) The restaurant space also gives the sense of a genuine, if somewhat too comfortable, __________ experience.
sheer
slip
desert

45. Reading Focus – Vocabulary in Action
desert protest level slip
revenge duplicate sheer skirt
4) The terrorist group is still looking to seek __________ against its attackers.
5) The boat __________ away and headed out to sea.
6) People who suffer heart attacks tend to have a high __________ of cholesterol (胆固醇) in the blood.
7) His father had __________ the family when Graham was three years old.
8) We maneuvered (操纵) the canoe so it __________ just around that rock.
revenge
sheered
level
deserted
skirted

46. Reading Focus – Vocabulary in Action
desert protest level slip
revenge duplicate sheer skirt
9) Dan __________ it wasn’t him who had caused the problems.
10) They began searching for a distant location to store the __________ of the more vital records.
11) He looked for a strip of __________ ground where he could land the plane.
12) The motive for the murder was clearly __________.
protested
duplicates
level
revenge

47. Reading Focus – Vocabulary in Action
desert protest level slip
revenge duplicate sheer skirt
13) Her blue __________ swayed from side to side.
14) Despite their __________, the students’ fees were increased.
15) Everyone who votes has to fill in a __________ of paper in order to register.
16) Give the plant a lot of bright light, to __________ outdoor conditions.
skirt
protests
slip
duplicate

48. Reading More
Symptoms

49. Global Understanding Detailed Information Critical Thinking
Reading More
Global Understanding 1 2
Detailed Information 3
Critical Thinking 4
Language Points 5
Vocabulary in Action

50. Task 1 Key: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Reading More—Global Understanding
Choose the correct answer to each of the following questions. (P145)
Key: D A B C C C D A

51. Task 2 T F F T T T T F Reading More—Detailed Information
Read the following statements and decide whether they are true or false according to the text. Put “T” before a true statement and “F” before a false one. (P146)
Key:
2) ) )
5) ) ) ) T F F T T T T F

52. Reading More
Critical Thinking

53. Reading More—Critical Thinking
Step One
Work together with your partner to answer the following questions based on the text you’ve just read. (P147)
1. The author says in the fifth paragraph, “After a while, less grasping feelings prevailed.” What change of feelings did the man have?
2. What do you think the story is trying to tell us? Do you agree with it? Give your reasons.
3. What do you think are the contributing factors to “my” misconception that “I” had all these diseases?

54. Reading More—Critical Thinking
Step Two
Discuss in groups the following question. (P147)
Do you know anybody who had a somewhat similar experience as “I” did in the story?

55. Reading More – Language Point
1. The diagnosis seems in every case to correspond exactly with all the sensations that I have ever felt. (Para. 2)
correspond with:
1) be very similar to or the same as something else
e.g. His story of what happened that night didn’t correspond with the witness’s version.
2) write letters to someone and receive letters from them
e.g. For the next three years they corresponded regularly.

56. Reading More – Language Point
2. I remember going to the British Museum one day to read up the treatment for some slight ailment of which I had a touch—hay fever, I fancy it was. (Para. 3)
slight (adj.): small in degree
e.g. 计划有些小的变动。
There has been a slight change of plan.

57. Reading More – Language Point
I felt rather hurt about this at first; it seemed somehow to be a sort of slight. (Para. 5)
slight (n.): an act or a remark that criticizes something or offends someone
e.g. Nick took her comment as a slight on his abilities as a manager.

58. Reading More – Language Point
4. … and learnt that I was sickening for it, and that the acute
stage would commence in about another fortnight. (Para. 4)
acute: adj.
1) quickly becoming very serious
e.g. She was taken to the hospital suffering from acute appendicitis (阑尾炎).
Antonym: chronic
2) very serious
e.g. The housing shortage is more acute than first thought.
3) very good and sensitive
e.g. Young children have a particularly acute sense of smell.

59. commence: v. begin or start (something)
Reading More – Language Point
commence: v. begin or start (something)
e.g. 1) Work will commence on the new building immediately.
2) Unfortunately, he commenced speaking before all the guests had finished eating.
fortnight: n. two weeks
e.g. Henry met and married this girl all in the course of one short fortnight.

60. Reading More – Language Point
4. I have since been induced to come to the opinion that it must have been there all the time, and must have been beating, but I cannot account for it. (Para. 7)
induce: v. persuade someone to do something, especially something that does not seem wise
e.g. 1) Nothing would induce me to take the job.
2) Whatever induced her to buy such an expensive car?

61. Reading More – Language Point
induce, reduce, deduce
1) The new bridge should __________ travelling time from 50 minutes to 15 minutes.
2) Darwin’s observations led him to __________ that plants and animals could adapt to their surroundings.
3) More than 4,000 teachers were __________ to take early retirement.
account for: explain
e.g. If you walked home, how do you account for the fact that a witness said he saw you driving your van?
reduce
deduce
induced

62. Reading More – Language Point
5. Being only a chemist hampers me. (Para. 16)
hamper: v. make it difficult for someone to do something
e.g. 1) An attempt to rescue the men has been hampered by bad weather.
2) Health care costs are severely hampering the nation’s small businesses.

63. Task 1 Reading More – Vocabulary in Action
Fill in each of the blanks with an appropriate word from the box. Change the form if necessary. (P147)
commonplace commence prevail induce
impel ponder acquisition prescription
slight hamper acute clutch
1) The search efforts were ____________ by strong winds and 15-foot waves.
2) He’s ____________ ways to make such programs more appealing to unsophisticated audiences.
hampered
pondering

64. Reading More – Vocabulary in Action
commonplace commence prevail induce
impel ponder acquisition prescription
slight hamper acute clutch
3) The doctor says there has been a(n) ____________ improvement in her condition.
4) IBM will look at ____________ including small service companies that complement its offerings.
5) Your inner strength will enable you to ____________ over life’s obstacles.
slight
acquisitions
prevail

65. Reading More – Vocabulary in Action
commonplace commence prevail induce
impel ponder acquisition prescription
slight hamper acute clutch
6) The state advertises a great deal to ____________ its citizens to buy lottery tickets.
7) Your first evaluation will be six months after you ____________ employment.
8) Sarah felt ____________ to stay at home and look after her parents.
9) She stood there, the flowers still ____________ in her hand.
induce
commence
impelled
clutched

66. Reading More – Vocabulary in Action
commonplace commence prevail induce
impel ponder acquisition prescription
slight hamper acute clutch
10) Superstores such as Wal-Mart are now _____________ in America’s small towns.
11) At present you can only get it on a doctor’s _______________, and you have to pay the full price because it is not available on the National Health Plan.
12) He is afflicted with ____________ gastritis (胃炎) and should drink normal saline solution (盐水).
commonplace
prescription
acute

67. Task 2 Reading More – Vocabulary in Action
Complete the following sentences by translating the Chinese in brackets into English. Try to use the expressions you have learned from the text. (P148)
1) It’s nothing serious—___________________________(只是一点消化不良).
2) ________________________(他帮了我大忙) when he advised me not to sell my house—it’s worth twice as much now.
3) The witness’s statements ____________________________ ___________________ (与现有证据相符).
just a touch of indigestion
He did me a good turn
correspond with the available evidence

68. Reading More – Vocabulary in Action
4) The toilets are almost always ________________ (不能正常工作).
5) ________________________________________ (她正要开始讲她的故事) when the phone rang.
6) It is often the negative power I perceive within myself that is _______________________________________ (很难解释或控制).
7) The train arrived at ______________ (分秒不差).
out of order
She was about to plunge into her story
so difficult to account for, or control
to the minute

69. Reading More – Vocabulary in Action
8) _____________________________ (没有地毯也行), but you’ve got to have somewhere to sit.
9) ________________________________________ (就成家来说), the trend is for women to have children later in life.
10) He still stood behind his cash register _______________________________________ (往嘴里塞爆米花).
You can do without a carpet
As far as starting a family is concerned
while stuffing his mouth with popcorn

70. Practical Translation

71. 拆译法
应用语法分析和逻辑判断的手段，对英语语篇加以分析拆解，就能使译文更加体现汉语 “意合”的特点。这种化整为零的处理方法被称为“拆译法 ”。
拆译法:
1. 按照意群，将英语句子中某些成分，比如词、短语、复合句从句子的主干中拆分出来，或变成短句，或变成独立句等。
2. 根据逻辑顺序和英汉两种语言的差异，改变这些成分在原句中的位置，有利于译文句子的总体安排，使译文自然、流畅。

72. 1. 拆译单词
1) He shall be glad of your company on the journey.
如果你能陪他一块儿去，他会很高兴的。
2) She had a sound feeling that idiom was the backbone of a language and she was all for the racy phrases.
她感到习语是语言的支柱，因此特别主张用生动的短 语，她的想法是完全正确的。
此句包含两层意思：“他高兴”和“你陪他一块儿去”，因此句中的glad在译文中被拆分出来。
此句包含三层意思：“她的想法完全正确”，“习语是语言的支柱”和“她主张用生动的语言”，因此原文中的sound在译文中被拆分出来，

73. 2. 拆译短语
3) “But we have a lot of small, very disruptive day-in-and-day-out problems on the factory floor,” one industrialist said.
一位实业家说：“在工厂办公楼里，我们面临许多很小但破坏性却很大的问题，它们日复一日，无休无止地发生。”
4) Thunderstorms in spring and summer often come with intensity great enough to cause flash-flooding.
春夏两季，雷雨交加，猛烈异常，往往会导致暴雨成灾。
让直接修饰problems的定语前置，而把说明问题发生频率的短语day-in-and-day-out置于句尾，译成一个独立句。
这里，用汉语中常用的“四字格”来处理，句意清晰，气势依旧。

74. 3. 拆译复合句
5) In the course of decay of the vegetable and animal matter in the soil, various acids and gases are formed which help to decompose the rock particles and other compounds needed for the plant foods.
动植物在泥土里腐烂的过程中，形成各种酸和气体。这些酸和气体有助于分解岩石粒和其他化合物，以供植物作养料。
这里，首先将which引导的定语从句拆译。而此定语从句中needed其实是另一个定语从句 which are needed省略 which are而来，因此按照意群，我们在这里进行第二次拆译。

75. 6) Considerable attention has been focused on the dilemma presented by the patient with chest pain who, on angiographic study, has normal coronary arteries and no other objective evidence of heart disease.
有一种胸痛病人，其冠状动脉造影检查正常，又无心脏病的其他客观特征，其诊断上的困难引起了人们的极大重视。
这里，将关系代词who作为拆译的一个标志词，在它的前面进行拆分，将句子一分为二。而这个定语从句本身是一个并列句，我们有必要将并列的两个成分进行拆分。
从思维方式来说，原句是典型的“先结论后分析”的英语句子结构，译成汉语时，要使句子符合汉语的逻辑思维，就需采用“先分析后结论”的句子结构。

76. 4. 拆译整个句子
7) This development is in part a result of experimental studies indicating that favorable alterations in the determinants of myocardial oxygen consumption may reduce ischemic injury and that reduction after load may be associated with improved cardiac performance.
从某种程度上讲，这方面的进展是实验研究的结果。实验结果表明，有效改善心肌耗氧量的决定因素可减轻局部损害，并且负荷的减轻也能改善心肌功能。
根据汉语多用短句的句法特点，按照英语原文的意群，将
较长的英语句子拆译为两个或两个以上的单位，以求在充分“达意”的基础上，符合汉语的表达习惯。

77. 8) Could any spectacle, for instance, be more grimly whimsical than that of gunners using science to shatter men’s bodies while, close at hand, surgeons use it to restore them?
例如：炮兵利用科学毁坏人体，而就在附近，外科医生用科学抢救被炮兵毁坏的人体，还有什么情景比这更怪诞可怕的吗？
这里，将句子拆译成五个分句。这样处理后，句子层次分明、表意明确、逻辑性强。

78. Translate the following sentences into Chinese, using the technique of division.
1. They vainly tried to find out the stranger’s name.
Translation for Reference:
他们想查出那陌生人的姓名，却徒劳无功。
2. The infinitesimal amount of nuclear fuel required makes it possible to build power reactors in that mountainous area.
动力反应堆所需要的核燃料极少，因此可以把它建在那个山区。

79. Translation for Reference:
3. It all began in the mid-1850s, when Lowe’s experiments with balloons led him to believe in the existence of an upper stream of air that moved in an easterly direction, no matter what direction the lower currents flowed.
Translation for Reference:
这一切都始于19世纪50年代中叶，当时罗威的气球实验使他相信上升气流的存在。不管下层的气流向什么方向流动，这种上升气流总是向东流动。

80. 第二次世界大战以来，一些西方国家的卫生条件在不断地改善，但在这些国家中，此病的发生率也明显增加。这一点颇令人费解。
4. More puzzling is the remarkable increase in occurrence of this disease which has happened since World War II in a number of western countries where standards of hygiene were continuously improving.
Translation for Reference:
第二次世界大战以来，一些西方国家的卫生条件在不断地改善，但在这些国家中，此病的发生率也明显增加。这一点颇令人费解。

81. Focused Writing
Résumés and CVs

82. 1. What is a résumé or CV? Focused Writing — Writing Skill
A résumé or a curriculum vitae (CV) is a document that honestly outlines and summarizes your qualifications, training, work experience, and interests.
Prospective employers or admissions committee members will need to know your educational attainments, any work experience you already have and your skills, achievements and interests.

83. 2. How is a résumé or CV organized?
Focused Writing — Writing Skill
2. How is a résumé or CV organized?
A résumé (US) or a CV (UK) should be limited to one page if possible.
You should tailor your résumé or CV to fit the needs and expectations of each company and job position by ensuring the information you include is relevant.

84. Focused Writing — Writing Skill
3. What is included in a résumé or CV?
* Personal details at the top, such as name in bold type, address, contact numbers and, if the subject has one, an address.
* Career objective (This is optional and is not always included in a CV.)
* Education: Listing of academic degrees beginning with the degree in progress or most recently earned. Include: name of institution, city and state, degree type (B.A., B.S., M.A., etc.) and area of concentration, month and year degree was (will be) received. If you are an undergraduate and your GPA is 3.5 or higher, it is appropriate to include it.

85. Focused Writing — Writing Skill
* Work Experience: Listing of jobs (part-time, full-time, volunteer, temporary or permanent). Include: company name, department, agency, or organization; city and state; job/position title; dates; a brief description of your duties and responsibilities, using strong action verbs. List these in reverse chronological order, i.e. latest first.
* Honors and Awards (if appropriate): List any competitive scholarships, fellowships or scholastic honors, teaching or research awards, if relevant. Do not include minor awards but these could be referred to in your cover letter, e.g. “I also received awards for swimming while at university.”

86. Focused Writing — Writing Skill
* Qualifications or Skills: A summary of particular or relevant strengths or skills which you want to highlight.
* Publications (if appropriate): Give bibliographic citations (using the format appropriate to your particular academic discipline) for articles, pamphlets, chapters in books, research reports, or any other publications that you have authored or co-authored. (This section may be omitted but can be referred to in your cover letter, or if comprehensive, listed separately.)
* Hobbies and Interests (Optional but you can provide a short list)
* References: (Optional) end a résumé or CV with the statement “Available upon Request.”

87. Focused Writing — Writing Skill
4. Five Cs in writing a résumé or CV
* Clear—well-organized and logical
* Concise—relevant and to the point
* Complete—including everything relevant
* Consistent—don’t mix styles or fonts
* Current—up-to-date

88. Focused Writing — Writing Sample
Wang Xiaoming
PERSONAL INFORMATION
Address：
School of Economics and Finance Tel: (86-21)
Fudan University, Shanghai, Mobile: (86)
China,
EDUCATION
Sept – July 2009 Fudan University, Shanghai, China
  — Bachelor of Economics, Majored in Finance (GPA: 3.98/4, ranked Top 1st in 160
students)
WORK EXPERIENCE
July 2008 – Aug. 2008
  —Research Assistant at Hengdian Capital, Hangzhou, China. Collected and processed data, developed PowerPoint slides, translated subprime crisis articles in magazines such as Economists and Business Week, and wrote an industry analysis report
Summers 2008 and 2007
  —Research Assistant at State Street Technology Instit., Shanghai. Produced a review of the evolution of the New Basel Accord, gathered data and helped analysis of sub-prime crisis

89. Focused Writing — Writing Sample
PROJECTS AND RESEARCH EXPERIENCE
Sep – Present “Student Research Training Program”
—Focused on the growing environment and macro-policy influence for small and
Medium sized enterprises (SMEs) in Shanghai: collated literature, designed questionnaires, and currently conducting field work in Shanghai.
June – Aug “Mid-Term Evaluation of the 11th Five-Year Plan of Shanghai Municipality” Project, Shanghai  
—Took charge of the social insurance and social service section, collected local information, and wrote the social insurance and social service part of the report
May 2008 “The Present Situation of Shanghai Real Estate Market and Potential Financial Risk” Project, Local Commercial Bank  
—Collected and processed data on the real estate market of Shanghai, gathered local  
real estate market information, and wrote the report
Dec – Jan “Developmental Finance Supporting Shanghai” Project, National
Development Bank
  —Collected data, wrote part of the report, and developed PowerPoint slides

90. Focused Writing — Writing Sample
RESEARCH INTERESTS  
Econometrics, Financial Economics, and Chinese Economic Reform
LANGUAGE SKILLS  
Native Language: Chinese
English Language: TOEFL113/120 GRE V620/800 Q800/800 AW4/6   
COMPUTER SKILLS
  Computer Experience: Microsoft Office, Visual Basic, C, Matlab
Statistical Packages: SPSS, Eviews, Excel
ACTIVITIES AND INTERESTS
  Activities: Volunteer for the 2008 International Workshop on Chinese Productivity Member of IAESTE
Interests: Swimming, Calligraphy, and Chinese Cooking
 REFERENCES
  Available upon request.

91. Final Project
Final Project

92. Final Project
Review
Step One
Work in groups and do a review on An Alpine Divorce. Your review may focus on the following aspects.
1. What lessons are to be learnt from the story, for both the characters in it and for the readers;
2. How the author has used plot, characterization, setting and style to reflect the moral of the story.

93. 1. Characters and their relationships; 2. Setting, time, place;
Final Project
Step Two
Present your understanding of the story to the whole class. Your presentation should include:
1. Characters and their relationships;
2. Setting, time, place;
3. Plot;
4. Your understanding of the story.

94. Thank You!