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Engineering Materials & Product Realization
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Classification of Materials
Metals Ferrous Metals Steel Plain Carbon Steels (SAE 1040, SAE 2515, SAE 5120 etc.) Plastics Thermoplastics Polyamide Nylon (Nylon 6, Nylon 12, Nylon 6,6, Nylon 11 etc.)
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Classification of Materials
Ceramics Glasses Brick Concrete Alnico Granite Marble Alumina Graphite Diamond Germanium Silicon Silicon carbide Zirconia Porcelain Tungsten Carbide
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Classification of Materials
Composite Materials Examples: Glass reinforced plastics, Carbon – Carbon Composites etc.
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Imperfections in Crystal Structure
Structure of Metals Imperfections in Crystal Structure Courtesy:
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Classification of Materials
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Classification of Materials
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Classification of Materials
Kingdom Family Class & member Number Grade 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 6053 6061 6063 6066 6070 6101 6151 6201 6463 6951 6061 – T4 6061 – T6 Ceramics Glasses Polymers Metals Natural Composites Elastomers Steels Cu-alloys Al-alloys Ti-alloys Ni-alloys Zn-alloys MATERIAL 6000 Series – Aluminium Magnesium Silicon Alloy Courtesy: Cambridge Engineering Selector
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Engineering Materials
NITINOL, OOBLECK, PEWTER TYGON, PHEMA, UDIMET PYKRETE, PEROVSKITE, NOMEX FERROCENE, KEVLAR, NEOPRENE TEFLON, FASAL, MONTMORILLONITE ALNICO, CALCITE, ACRILAN STUCCO, TEGRIS, PEEK SIALON, WINDFORM, RUTILE SILLIMANITE, MEDPOR, ENERGAIN CHALCOGENIDE, ROXOLID, LIQUIGLIDE Courtesy: Cambridge Engineering Selector
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Properties of Engineering Materials
Physical, Thermal & Electrical Properties Density Melting Point Specific Heat Thermal Conductivity Thermal Expansion Transparency Environment Related Properties Flammability Oxidation at High Temperature Mechanical Properties Tensile Strength Compressive Strength Hardness Toughness Courtesy: Cambridge Engineering Selector
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Selection of Materials
Bronze or Brass Material Properties Bronze Brass Alloying Element Tin Zinc Strength Stronger Malleable More malleable Price More expensive Identify Material(s) Easy to Machine, Low Cost, Easily Available, High Dielectric Constant, Good Damping Properties, High Compressive Strength, Low Density, Non Transparent, Low Coefficient of Thermal Expansion.
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Selection of Materials
Metals Polymers Elastomers Ceramics Woods Composites Foams 0.01 1000 100 0.1 1 10 Density (Mg/m3) Young’s modulus E, (GPa) Courtesy: Cambridge Engineering Selector
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Selection of Materials
Density (Mg/m3) Young’s modulus (GPa) Ceramics Metals Elastomers Composites Polymers Woods Foams Courtesy: Cambridge Engineering Selector
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Selection of Materials
Density (Mg/m3) Young’s modulus (GPa) Ceramics Metals Elastomers Composites Polymers Woods Foams Search region Courtesy: Cambridge Engineering Selector
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Alteration of Material by Design and
during Manufacturing
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Courtesy: encarta.msn.com
Structure of Metals Allotropes of Carbon Coal Courtesy: encarta.msn.com
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Crystal Structure & Properties
Structure of Metals Crystal Structure & Properties Fe is BCC below 912 oC and above 1394 oC Ti changes from HCP to BCC above 882 oC Courtesy:
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Alloying & Material Properties
Steels
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Grain Size, Cooling and Properties
Grain Structure
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Courtesy: www.substech.com
Solidification Grain Structure Courtesy:
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Elastic and Plastic Deformation
Grain Structure Courtesy:
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Alteration of Material Properties by
Heat Treatment
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Alteration of Material Properties
Manufacturing Heat Treatment Courtesy:
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Heat Treatment Processes
Annealing or Softening Quenching or Hardening Case Hardening
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Case Hardening
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Courtesy: www.substech.com
Annealing Grain Structure Courtesy:
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