1. President George Washington

2. Precedents Set By Washington
Two-Term Limit
Title of President
Cabinet

3. Washington’s Cabinet Secretary of State:
John Jay, then Thomas Jefferson
Secretary of the Treasury:
Alexander Hamilton
Secretary of War:
General Henry Knox
Chief Justice of the Supreme Court:
John Jay

4. Hamilton and the National Bank
Hamilton establishes a National Bank
Use of implied powers
The elastic clause
Jefferson and Madison do not approve
Arguments over strict or loose interpretation of Constitution

5. Test of New Constitution Is Successful!
Whiskey Rebellion
Hamilton needs more money!
Decides to use a tax
On liquor-whiskey
Farmers rebel!
Government successful in putting down rebellion
Test of New Constitution Is Successful!

6. Jay’s Treaty Treaty with Britain Opened British ports in West Indies
Ended, temporarily, impressment of American sailors into British navy

7. American Neutrality Washington does not form alliances
Ignores France’s need for ally
Farewell Address: he warns of “entangling alliances” with foreign powers

8. Political Parties Form (Washington warned against them)
Democratic-Republicans
Jefferson , Madison
Weak national gov’t
Agricultural economy
Supported by farmers, artisans, & frontier settlers in South
Federalists
Adams, Hamilton
Strong, central gov’t
Industrial economy
Supported by bankers & business interests in Northeast

9. Election of 1800 Thomas Jefferson won! John Adams lost
Jefferson was a Democratic-Republican
John Adams lost
Adams was the current President
Adams was a Federalist
First Time Power Transferred Peacefully
from one political power to another

10. Jefferson President of United States (1800)
First American Presidential election in which power was peacefully transferred from one party to another

11. Key Supreme Court Decisions
Marbury v. Madison
Judicial Review
Established the Court to declare laws unconstitutional
U.S. Supreme Court is the final interpreter of the Constitution
McCulloch v. Maryland
“the power to tax is the power to destroy”
States prohibited from taxing federal agencies

12. Louisiana Purchase
Jefferson purchases the Louisiana Territory from France in 1803
Doubles the size of the U.S.
Authorizes the Lewis and Clark expedition

15. Lewis & Clark Expedition
Explore new territory: Louisiana Purchase
West of Mississippi
To Rocky Mountains
(They explored to Pacific Ocean)
Sacajawea
Acts as guide & translator

16. War of 1812 How does war get started? Madison declares war on Britain
Britain was interfering with
1) American shipping (trade)
2) American western expansion
Madison declares war on Britain

17. War of 1812: How did Federalists Respond?
Federalists opposed Madison’s decision to go to war
Federalists talked about secession (leaving the Union)
Federalists proposed (suggested) adding amendments to the Constitution
What did the Federalists actually do about it?
Nothing!

18. War of 1812 Victory! Americans claim Oregon Territory
Increased migration into Florida
Florida is eventually acquired from Spain by treaty

19. Gibbons vs. Ogden Oh yes, another Supreme Court case folks!!
Established the Supreme Court’s ability to regulate competing business interests between the states.

20. Monroe Doctrine (1823): 4 Basic Principles
North & South America should not be considered for future colonization by any European powers

21. Monroe Doctrine (1823)
Nations in the Western Hemisphere were inherently different from those of Europe, republics by nature rather than monarchies

22. Monroe Doctrine (1823)
United States would regard as a threat to its own peace & safety any attempt by European powers to impose their system on any independent state in the Western Hemisphere

23. Monroe Doctrine (1823)
United States would not interfere in European affairs

24. Summary Activity