1. Cardiovascular system

2. Learning objectives What are the ‘jobs’ of the cardiovascular system?
Describe 2 main elements of the system.
Be able to trace the path of blood through the body, including the names of the 4 heart chambers.
What is blood, and why is our blood type important?
What can we do to keep our blood pressure low?
Understand what heart attacks, stroke, and diabetes are.

4. 3 main elements of circulatory system
Heart – muscular pump that generates pressure
Blood vessels – tubes that transport blood
Blood – Fluid that transports gases and materials

11. The Heart
2 sides (left and right)
2 chambers per side (atrium and ventricle)

19. Causes of hypertension
Exact causes unknown, but the following are known to contribute
Smoking
Diet
Overweight/obesity
Lack of physical activity
Salt
Alcohol
Stress
Age
Genetics

22. Lipoprotein profile Lipoprotein (cholesterol) levels
Total cholesterol (HDL + LDL less than 200)
HDL (good cholesterol) (>40)
LDL (bad cholesterol) ( <100)
Triglycerides (fat in blood after meals) (<150)

23. Coronary artery disease and heart attacks
LDL infiltrates wall of artery
Immune cells follow
Inflammatory reaction forms plaque
Plaque ruptures, sending material to bloodstream.
Blood clot forms, blocking blood flow