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2. What is an Analogy?
A verbal analogy shows how two pairs of words are related. The second pair of words are related to each other in the same way as the first two. An analogy can be written as a sentence or with colons. They are read the same way. Example:
String is to guitar as key is to piano.
String : guitar :: key : piano
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3. KINDS OF ANALOGY
There are several kinds of relationships you should look for when trying to solve analogies. Always ask yourself how the pair of words are related. antonyms – opposites (happy is to sad…) part of the whole (finger is to hand…) purpose or function (pipe is to water…) action of ( truck is to highway…) synonyms (little is to small…) class and member, kind or type (salmon is to seafood…)
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4. KINDS OF ANALOGY degree (cold is to freezing…)
There are several kinds of relationships you should look for when trying to solve analogies. Always ask yourself how the pair of words are related.
degree (cold is to freezing…)
definition ( verdict is to judgment…)
characteristic ( murderer is to violent…)
lack (nomad is to home…)
cause (carelessness is to mistakes…)
word form; rhyme (mild is to child…)
worker and workplace (judge is to courtroom…)
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5. Write the word that completes this analogy.
month : April :: season : ___________
Time
Day
Autumn
Year
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6. Did you get it right? month : April :: season : Autumn Why?
You should think about the relationship in the first pair of words. In this case, April is the name of a month. We were looking for an answer that was the name of a season.
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7. Write the words that completes this analogy.
2. Happy : joyful :: uncertain : ________
Certain
Sad
Doubtful
Wrong
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8. Did you get it right? 2. Happy : joyful :: uncertain : doubtful
Sad
Doubtful
Wrong
DID YOU LOOK FOR THE RELATIONSHIP OF THE FIRST TWO WORDS? In this case, happy and joyful have similar meanings, so we are looking for a synonym, or a word that means nearly the same thing.
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9. Write the word that completes this analogy.
3. coat : clothing :: car : ___________ Road Vehicle Train Garage
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10. Did you get it right? 3. coat : clothing :: car : vehicle Road Vehicle
Train
Garage
LOOK AT THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN COAT AND CLOTHING. A coat is a kind of clothing, and a car is a kind of vehicle.
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11. Write the word that completes this analogy.
4. weak : flabby :: strong : ________ Fat Exercise Muscular Powerful
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12. Did you get it right? 4. weak : flabby :: strong : muscular Fat
Exercise
Muscular
Powerful
Think of the relationship between weak and flabby. If someone is weak, then their body is flabby. If someone is strong, then their body is muscular.
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13. Write the word that completes this analogy.
5. heat : cold :: slowness : __________
Snail
Sun
Haste
Time
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14. Did you get it right? 5. heat : cold :: slowness : Haste Snail Sun
Time
Think. Heat is the opposite of cold. We are looking for a word that is the opposite of or the antonym of slowness.
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15. Write the word that completes this analogy.
6. push : shove :: quit : ___________
Persevere
Resign
Persist
Thrust
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16. Did you get it right? 6. push : shove :: quit : resign Persevere
Persist
Thrust
The relationship is synonyms. Push means the same thing as shove, so we had to find a word that meant the same as quit. Looking at our choices, the only one would be resign.
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17. Write the word that completes this analogy.
7. give : donate :: receive : ______
Obtain
Contribute
Grant
Award
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18. Did you get it right? 7. give : donate :: receive : obtain Obtain
Contribute
Grant
Award
Again, we are looking for a synonym. Give and donate mean the same thing, so we need to find a word that means the same as receive.
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19. Write the word that completes this analogy.
8. individual : soldier :: group : _______
Person
Troop
Warrior
Combatant
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20. Did you get it right? 8. individual : soldier :: group : troop Person
Warrior
Combatant
Think. An individual is called a soldier, so a group (of soldiers) is called a troop.
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21. Write the word that completes this analogy.
9. tired : weary :: unfriendly : _______
Sleepy
Bushed
Friendly
Hostile
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22. Did you get it right? 9. tired : weary :: unfriendly : hostile Sleepy
Bushed
Friendly
Hostile
The first pair were synonyms, so we had to find a synonym for unfriendly.
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23. Write the word that completes this analogy.
10. lunch : sandwich :: breakfast : _____
Meal
Dinner
Cereal
Eat
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24. Did you get it right? 10. lunch : sandwich :: breakfast : cereal Meal
Dinner
Cereal
Eat
Always think of how the first two words are related, and then try to complete that relationship with the second pair of words. A sandwich is something you eat for lunch, and cereal is something you eat for breakfast.
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25. attorney mother right automobile brave
Practice Quiz – Choose a word from the word bank to fill in the analogy.
Mild is to child as brother is to ______________.
Fear is to scared as Courage is to ____________.
Up is to down as left is to __________________.
Dog is to canine as lawyer is to ______________.
Square is to quadrilateral as van is to ____________.
House is to shelter as fire is to _______________.
Mechanic is to cars as dentist is to ______________.
Ballad is to song as mammal is to _______________.
attorney mother right automobile brave
heat teeth animal
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26. Practice Quiz – Answers
Mild is to child as brother is to _mother (rhyme)_.
Fear is to scared as Courage is to _brave ( action)_.
Up is to down as left is to __right (antonym)__.
Dog is to canine as lawyer is to __attorney (definition)__.
Square is to quadrilateral as van is to _automobile (kind)_.
House is to shelter as fire is to _heat (purpose)__.
Mechanic is to cars as dentist is to __teeth (action)__.
Ballad is to song as mammal is to __animal (kind)__.
attorney mother right automobile brave
heat teeth animal
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27. The End
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