Physical Science Semester 2

Physical Science Semester 2
Unit 4 Matter

2/3/14 Week of 2/3 to 2/7 Entry Task
What are the “two pillars of science” that Einstein’s famous equation joined with c2 ? Explain what Lavoisier became famous for. Explain what Faraday became famous for.

Today’s Agenda Finish notes on movie.
Please take note of people, year and place, and what they accomplished as a scientist. You will turn your notes in tomorrow after discussion.

2/3/14 Exit Task Give a detailed example of how society influences science and technology and vice versa. This example can be from the movie or real life.

2/4/14 Entry Task Describe what you know about the structure of atoms.
Homework: read pages Answer questions #1-7 on page 284 AND #1-6 on page Due Friday 2/7/14.

1812 – Michael Faraday, electricity/magnetism, London, only gentleman are scientists
1885 Einstein as a child – his family designed lighting for the city 1771 – Antoine Lavoisier, France, Conservation of Mass, French Revolution, he gets guillotine—disliked tax collector 1897 Einstein in high school, poor student, fascinated by light 1846 – Faraday realizes electricity and magnetism are connected, invents electric motor, names the “invisible light” electromagnetism 1722- Emilie du Chatalay, France, “before her time”, translated Newton’s principia and realized he had made an error, velocity should be squared, fell in love with poet Voltaire, died at 43 after childbirth 1905 – Einstein’s miracle year, Germany, 5 papers, including E=mc2 in 3 pages 1919 – Fame finds Einstein via Max Planck. He divorces Mileva, marries cousin 1907 – Berlin, Germany; Lisa Meitner becomes first woman professor (1912)of physics “Golden Age of Nuclear Research” 1930’s – Nazis drive out Jewish intellectuals; Einstein leaves in 1933; Meitner barely escapes in 1938 1938 – Sweden, Robert Frisch (nephew) and Meitner “split the atom” realizing that lost mass is converted directly to energy during nuclear fission 1944 – Hann awarded prize for discovering nuclear fission (Meitner got little credit) 1942 Manhattan Project in US; bombs contain only a couple pounds of Uranium and Plutonium

Today’s Agenda – create a timeline
You will be placed into a team. Compile your notes so that everyone has complete notes to turn in. 1 = Energy 2 = mass 3 = light 4 = velocity (speed of light squared) 5 = development of e=mc2, 6 = confirmation of e=mc2 Nominate a recorder, facilitator, data person, speaker. WRITE CATEGORY ON TOP OF CARD. One scientist per notecard. Fill in Year, NAME, Nationality, Concept, Experiment(s), Challenges Faced. These cards will go on timeline from 1700 to 1950. Your team will present your cards.

2/4/14 Exit Task Explain how one scientist’s ideas evolved based on the work of other scientists. Hold onto your notes!!! You will need them for the timeline project! To be continued Thursday.

2/5/14 Entry Task Explain how Einstein’s equation led to the splitting of the atom. Hold onto your E=mc2 notes!!! You will need them for the timeline project! To be continued Thursday.

HW p 284, 290, VOCAB Class time to work on HW:
Read pages Answer questions #1-7 on page 284 AND #1-6 on page 290. Due Friday 2/7/14. Also, in C-notes form, define the following terms: Electric charge Proton Neutron Electron Nucleus Atomic number Isotopes Mass number Energy level Quantum theory

2/5/14 Exit Task You may use a textbook:
Define atomic number and mass number. Explain how they are different.

2/6/14 Entry Task What further questions do you have after having completed “Einstein’s Big Idea”? Take out your notes. Assign groups…. Notes on Atomic Structure

Today’s Agenda – create a timeline
You will be placed into a team. Compile your notes so that everyone has complete notes to turn in. 1 = Energy 2 = mass 3 = light 4 = velocity (speed of light squared) 5 = development of e=mc2, 6 = confirmation of e=mc2 Nominate a recorder, facilitator, data person, speaker. WRITE CATEGORY ON TOP OF CARD. One scientist per notecard. Fill in Year, NAME, Nationality, Concept, Experiment(s), Challenges Faced. These cards will go on timeline from 1700 to 1950. Your team will present your cards. Presentations Last 10 minutes of class. Each team 2 minutes! YOU WILL BE GRADED ON YOUR PARTICIPATION AS YOU WORK!

2/6/14 Exit Task NONE – presentations for timeline.
TURN IN YOUR NOTES on the way out of class…

2/7/14 Entry Task Say Something Nice HW – Turn in.
Turn in Einstein Notes. Turn in Entry/Exit Task Sheet Pre Test

Today’s Agenda Finish any presentations from yesterday.
Take Unit 4 Pre Test Complete the self-assessment side of the Unit Map “blue sheet”– Rate yourself 1-4 on each of the standards in the “start unit” column

2/7/14 Exit Task Trade and Grade
Please turn in your Entry/Exit task sheet for the week.

Describe the charges and relative locations of the particles in an atom. HINT: there are 3 particles. Per 3 and 4 – finish presentations Per 1,3,4,6 – finish pretests

Today’s Agenda Mystery Boxes Notes on Atomic Structure.

Mystery Boxes – in your comp books
Purpose Use the mystery boxes as models to demonstrate how scientists comprehend the existence and structure of the atom without actually seeing all its parts.

Mystery Box Predictions and Confidence
WAIT Mystery Box Predictions and Confidence BOX Music On predict % conf. Music Off Look Inside See Objects

Problem-Solve: Technological Design Process
Challenge: What else would you do to figure out what is inside the mystery boxes? Constraints: You cannot take the boxes apart. Nor can you physically or chemically change them. Describe SEVERAL solutions to the problem.

2/10/14 Exit Task CANCELLED – for mystery boxes
Give students a periodic table for their binders. AND have class set on tables.

2/11/14 Entry Task Draw and label a NITROGEN “square” from the periodic table. How many protons does each atom have? How many electrons?

Unit 4 Maps and Goals – “blue sheet”
Complete your self-assessment for “start unit” Graph your pre-test percentage. Set goals for post-assessment. Write down the TOP 3 standards you will need to focus on. (These are the ones you feel the least confident about). Hold onto these until the end of the unit….

Today’s Agenda Finish Atomic Structure Notes. Reserve COW

2/11/14 Exit Task Consider the periodic table…
Which element has just 1 proton? Which element has 2 protons?

2/12/14 Entry Task Draw and label an atom of Boron. Include all protons, neutrons and electrons. Assume it has no charge.

Today’s Agenda Finish atomic structure notes.
Atomic Structure Worksheet Write key for sub

Atomic Structure- History and the Nucleus *take notes in your comp book

Atomic Structure video

History Dalton atoms could not be divided all atoms of a given element are the same different atoms could join to form LOTS of compounds Thomson the plum pudding model negatively-charged "plums” surrounded by positively-charged "pudding” Rutherford atom is made up of a central charge surrounded by a cloud of orbiting electrons Bohr electrons are in levels around the nucleus Quantum theory says that when things get very small, like the size of an atom, matter and energy do not obey Newton’s laws or other laws of classical physics. An electron appears in a wave-like “cloud and has no definite position.

Bohr model of the atom

Structure of the Atom

Particle Charge Mass Location Proton positive + 1 nucleus Neutron
(atomic mass units) (amu) Location Proton positive + 1 nucleus Neutron neutral Ø Electron negative - 0.0006 (or none) orbit, level, cloud

The Nucleus

A 1946 test of an atomic bomb in the lagoon at Bikini atoll
A 1946 test of an atomic bomb in the lagoon at Bikini atoll. The explosion has just started; surplus ships moored nearby can still be seen.

The nucleus the center of the atom composed of protons and neutrons
held together by four forces (electromagnetic, strong , weak, and gravity) 99.9% of the atom’s mass is here about 100,000 times smaller than the entire atom the atomic number of an atom is the number of protons in the nucleus the atomic mass or mass number of an atom is the sum of the protons and neutrons

Isotopes atoms with the same number of protons (and therefore the same element) but with a different number of neutrons.

Extra neutrons creates an isotope, what about more or less electrons?
IONS: An atom that has an electric charge other than zero, created when an atom gains or loses electrons.

2/12/14 Exit Task INFORMATION: 6 protons, 7 neutrons, 6 electrons.
Which element? Ion, Isotope or common form of the atom?

2/13/14 Entry Task Draw and label an isotope of Boron which has 6 neutrons. Include all protons, neutrons and electrons. Any questions on Atomic Structure WS? This will be due TOMORROW – Friday Feb 14th. Discuss Atomic structure WS Homework for Monday – rest Ch 12

Today’s Agenda Computers to “construct an atom.” Reserve COW
Paper models – modify for isotopes and ions?

pHet Atomic Structure Google phet
It will be your first result, phet.colorado.edu/ Click on Play with sims… Click on the Chemistry simulation. Click on Build an Atom. Click on Run Now! Open the 3 + green boxes

PHET QUESTIONS – Answer in comp books….
What is the charge of a proton, neutron, and electron? Prove it. What is the mass of a proton, neutron, and electron? Prove it. How is the mass number determined? Prove it. Why is an atom sometimes unstable? Prove it. What causes an atom to be neutral, (+) charged ion, and (–) charged ion? Prove it. Click on the Cloud. What is it trying to show you? Look at the Symbol box. What do the numbers in it represent? Prove it.

2/13/14 Exit Task How is the mass number determined? Please be specific and use vocabulary: protons, neutrons, and isotopes. REMINDER: ATOMIC STRUCTURE WS due tomorrow.

2/14/14 Entry Task Happy Valentine’s Day Say Something Nice
ATOMIC STRUCTURE WS due today.

Today’s Agenda Discuss questions on Atomic Structure WS.
Trade and Grade – turn in. Electron Configuration Notes Read 12.3 and 12.4.

ELECTRON CONFIGURATION: 12
ELECTRON CONFIGURATION: 12.2 Rules for energy levels …take notes in your comp books. Inside an atom, electrons always obey these rules: The energy of an electron must match one of the energy levels in the atom. Each energy level can hold only a certain number of electrons, and no more. As electrons are added to an atom, they settle into the lowest unfilled energy level.

12.2 Energy levels In the Bohr model of the atom, the first energy level can accept up to two electrons. The second and third energy levels hold up to eight electrons each. The fourth and fifth energy levels hold 18 electrons.

therefore, we say they are found in an electron cloud or orbital
their exact location around the nucleus is not known--Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle. therefore, we say they are found in an electron cloud or orbital electron orbitals represent a volume of space where an electron would have a 95% probability of being found many orbitals can make up an electron level as electrons are added to an atom, they settle into the lowest unfilled energy level

Valence electrons valence electrons are the electrons in the very last or outermost energy level the properties of elements depends on how many electrons are in a particular atom’s different levels

Review Basic Atomic Structure video (39 sec.)

2/14/14 Week of 2/10 to 2/14 Exit Task
Trade and Grade – turn in entry/exit task sheets.

Define valence electrons and include a picture. HOMEWORK: Read pages On page 296 answer #1-7. On page 306 answer #3,5,6 (left side of page). On page 314 answer #1-8. Due Friday 2/21/14

Today’s Agenda Finish Electron Configuration notes.
Receive your atom, isotope, ion assignment. Build a model of one atom using marble models. Work on Atom, Isotope, Ion Drawings.

2/19/14 Exit Task INFORMATION: Atomic # 3 and mass number 7.
Name the element. Draw and label the isotope, including electrons, protons and neutrons.

2/20/14 Entry Task INFORMATION: Atomic # 5 and mass number 11.
Name the element. Draw and label the isotope, including electrons, protons and neutrons. REMINDER: HOMEWORK DUE FRIDAY!

Today’s Agenda Yesterday you asked for…
MORE ABOUT ORBITALS and the periodic table: Receive your atom, isotope, ion assignment. Build a model of one atom using marble models. Work on Atom, Isotope, Ion Drawings.

2/20/14 Exit task – CANCELLED – ran out of time.
Relate the group number (heads the columns on the periodic table) to the number of valence electrons. PS Skip the transition elements (groups 3-11) for now.

2/21/14 Entry Task Say Something Nice
Is your HW complete? We will trade and grade in a few minutes…

Today’s Agenda Trade and Grade HW
Review how to build an ION – you can only take away or add electrons. Complete Atom, Ion, Isotope Drawings. REMINDER – before you turn it in, check that you have completed ALL STEPS (especially #5!) Finished early? Start on Periodic Table assignment…OR study for Monday’s Quiz

2/21/14 Exit Task Trade and Grade Please turn in your exit task sheets

2/24/14 Week of 2/24 to 2/28 Entry Task Tomorrow’s quiz will cover:
Atomic structure – including particles, charges and locations Understanding key terms: atomic #, mass #, isotope, ion, energy level Drawing and labeling atoms based on information Periodic Table Basics What do you understand the most? What do you understand the least? Make JEOPARDY

Today’s Agenda TURN IN Atom, Isotope, Ion Drawings
Hand back and organize papers into binder What should you have in your comp books? Atomic Structure Notes Mystery Boxes PHET Questions Electron Configuration Notes Study for quiz by playing JEOPARDY!

2/24/14 Exit Task INFORMATION: -3 ion of Atomic #7 element with a mass # of 14. Name the element. Draw and label the atom including protons, neutrons, and electrons.

2/25/14 Entry Task NONE PREPARE FOR QUIZ – you may use your comp book for notes. END OF CLASS – turn in comp book to shelf.

2/26/14 Entry Task Using information from the textbook, Record several chemical properties of each group: Alkali Metals (1A) Alkali Earth Metals (2A) Halogens (7A) Noble Gases (8A)

Today’s Agenda Watch film and take notes on periodic table – chemical reactivity and trends. Handout and work on Periodic Trends assignment. Please complete 1-10 carefully and in color or shading to show differences.

Ms. M’s notes – Periodic Table Movie with British Scientist
Groups or families Chlorine - HALOGEN Hydrogen – ALKALI METAL Helium – NOBLE GAS How the elements are organized into columns based on chemical properties Example Oxygen needed during chemical reaction: combustion Used as war gas – halogen very toxic Very reactive and flammable, exploded Hindenburg NON-reactive – good for blimps

Sulfur – non metal METALS – have metallic properties Dmitri Mendeleev – Russian Groups and Periods Non-metals Non-conductive Aluminum – metal – conducts electricity Mercury – liquid metal Iron – high melting point First organized elements into a table BUT did this by atomic mass. Noticed chemical similarities for groups. Columns and Rows

Noble Gases 6 Gases He, Ne, Ar Kr Xe Rn – all colorless and odorless Atomic # and mass increases down column (density increases) Helium lighter than air; Ar and Kr and XENON heavier than air and SINK

Alkali Metals All soft metals which can be cut by knife OXIDIZE on contact with air (have to be kept in oil) React more quickly down group REACTIVE – in H20 give of H2 gas Cesium exploded the whole beaker

Periodicity Comparing right and left Valence electrons
Flourine is super reactive Magnesium very reactive Determine periodicity across row – how many atoms will combine with how many other atoms

2/26/14 Exit Task Describe where and how much of the periodic table is metals, nonmetals and metalloids. (You may use general terms like left, right, and fractions such as 1/3 or 2/3)

2/27/14 Entry Task Consider page Compare Halogens and Noble Gases. Can you relate their reactivity to their number of valence electrons? IOW how close are they to having a full outer shell?

Today’s Agenda Continue work on periodic table trends assignment. Today you should work on #1-8. Watch “Hunting the Elements” video and answer Q/A. Write periodic table trend Q/A – watch 2 hr movie to get these.

2/27/14 Exit Task Would the Alkali Metals (Group 1A) tend to gain or lose electrons? Why?

2/28/14 Entry Task Say Something Nice

Today’s Agenda Watch “Hunting the Elements” video and answer Q/A.
NOTE – The other periodic table movie notes will be turned in with this sheet! ALSO – your periodic table assignment will be due Monday AT THE END OF CLASS. But work on it over the weekend because we’ll only have 20 min

2/27/14 Exit Task Trade and Grade Entry/Exit Task Sheets for the week of 2/23-2/27/14.

3/3/14 Week of 3/3 to 3/7 Entry Task Read p 310 in your textbook.
Summarize and discuss why atoms form chemical bonds. Explain which groups are the most reactive and why.

Today’s Agenda Finish movie and Q/A
Extra time? Work time for periodic tables. SCHEDULE change: Periodic table assignment will be due tomorrow after a total of 20 minutes work time.

3/3/14 Exit Task How are the atoms arranged in COPPER or BRONZE?

3/4/14 Entry Task Describe 2 patterns shown in the periodic table.
HOMEWORK: (RE)Read pages and Answer #2,3,4,5,6 on page And #15, 16, 17 and #2 on page 331. Due Friday 3/7/14.

Finish Movie… Start at 59 minutes. Answer question 6, 7 and 8.
STOP MOVIE at 1:21. TURN IN: You should STAPLE your first periodic table move notes to your “NOVA – Hunting the elements” Q/A.

Get out your periodic table assignment.
ON YOUR SHEET, WRITE DOWN ANSWERS FOR #9 and 10 What is IONIC CHARGE? Will the group tend to gain or lose electrons? 20 minutes work time Extra time? Work on HOMEWORK!

To complete #9 and 10 on your periodic table assignment
Ionic charge is the positive or negative charge an atom would have if it gained or lost valence electrons to be similar to a noble gas. SHOW IONIC CHARGE as a number and a + or -. Example: Be 2+. Groups on left side of the table tend to lose electrons. Groups on the right side of the table tend to gain electrons. SHOW THIS TREND WITH ARROWS on your periodic table.

3/4/14 Exit Task How many valence electrons do alkali metals have?
Are they likely to gain or lose electrons? What would their ionic charge be?

3/5/14 Entry Task Define IONIC BOND. Draw a picture.
Define COVALENT BOND. Draw a picture. What is the difference? HOMEWORK: (RE)Read pages and Answer #2,3,4,5,6 on page And #15, 16, 17 and #2 on page 331. Due Friday 3/7/14.

Today’s Agenda Checking in – Did you turn in BOTH movie notes and your Q/A? Please turn in your periodic table assignment – half sheet stapled on top with your name. GO OVER QUIZ ANSWERS. Work time for reflections… NOT REFLECTING? You can work on the homework… Extra Time? Work on Bonding Practice WS

3/5/14 Exit Task Calculate your QUIZ PERCENTAGE: your score/30 x 100.
If you got 18 points or less (60% or less) you are REQUIRED to complete a reflection. If you do not like your percent, you may OPT to do a reflection. Write down if will be doing a reflection and your reason. HOMEWORK: (RE)Read pages and Answer #2,3,4,5,6 on page And #15, 16, 17 and #2 on page 331. Due Friday 3/7/14.

3/6/14 Entry Task If I told you a carbon atom is sharing electrons with 4 hydrogen atoms (CH4), would you say that is an ionic bond or covalent bond? WHY? HOMEWORK: (RE)Read pages and Answer #2,3,4,5,6 on page And #15, 16, 17 and #2 on page 331. Due Friday 3/7/14.

Today’s Agenda QUIZ REFLECTIONS
Model LEWIS DOT DIAGRAMS and Ionic Bonds WORK TIME: HOMEWORK Ionic Bonds WS Covalent Bonds WS

Ions and Ionic Bond Activity

# valence electrons 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

ionic charge 4+ 4- 1+ 2+ 3+ 3- 2- 1-

Elements and their ions
sodium and sodium ion chlorine and chloride magnesium and magnesium ion nitrogen and nitride aluminum and aluminum ion argon

3/6/14 Exit Task Draw a lewis dot diagram for Be and its ION.

3/7/14 Entry Task Say Something Nice Trade and Grade
Please turn in your homework. DID YOU TURN IN YOUR PERIODIC TABLE ASSIGNMENT?

3/7/14 Exit Task Trade and Grade entry/exit task sheets.
Please turn in your entry/exit task sheets for the week.

3/10/14 Entry Task Which electrons are involved in chemical bonds?
Explain 2 reasons.

Today’s Agenda Watch Bozeman Science “How to draw Lewis Dot Diagrams” – NOTE he is giving all covalent bond examples. Consider 2 examples: Ionic Bonds. Covalent Bonds. Work time for the worksheets.

3/10/14 Exit Task Draw the lewis dot diagrams for H2O (showing the covalent bonds as shared electrons).

3/11/14 Entry Task Define chemical formula.
Using C6H12O6 as an example, explain what this chemical formula means. HOMEWORK: Read pages On page 322 Answer #1-6. Read pages On page 342 Answer #1-5. Due Friday 3/14/14. Bond WS due Wednesday. ANY QUESTIONS?

Today’s Agenda Draw Lewis Dot, convert to Ionic Bonds.
Record the chemical formula Draw Lewis Dot, convert to Covalent Bonds.

Ionic Bonding – lewis dot, compounds,
chemical formula potassium and bromine Chemical formula: magnesium and oxygen lithium and oxygen calcium and chlorine magnesium and bromine calcium and nitrogen Print F/B

Covalent Bonds - lewis dot, compounds, chemical formula
2 hydrogens and oxygen Chemical formula: 1 oxygen and 1 oxygen 1 sulfur and 3 oxygen 1 sulfur and 2 oxygen 1 hydrogen and 1 carbon and 1 nitrogen

3/11/14 Exit Task How are chemical formulas for ionic crystals and molecules similar? Different?

3/12/14 Entry Task How are chemical formulas for ionic crystals and molecules similar? Different? How do you think molecules and ionic crystals are similar? Different? Make a venn diagram!

Today’s Agenda Trade and Grade Bonds WS.
Class work time to practice ionic/covalent bonds Notes on Molecules, Ionic Crystals, and Covalent Bonds in Carbon Have Comp books returned

3/12/14 Exit Task Explain the meaning of the chemical formula for the ionic crystal CaCl2. HINT: what is the ratio of calcium atoms to Chlorine atoms? How do you know?

3/13/14 Entry Task How many covalent bonds can carbon form?
Draw a CO2 molecule and a methane CH4 molecule.

Today’s Agenda Finish classwork on ionic and covalent bonds.
Take notes in comp books on Chemical Formulas, Carbon and Macromolecules.

3/13/14 Exit Task What is the overall electrical charge of a compound?

Review and complete classwork page.

3/14/14 Entry Task Say Something Nice Is your homework complete?
We will trade and grade after SSN!

Today’s Agenda Trade and grade HW Discuss classwork practice.
Finish notes. Write down things to conduct lab on Monday.

Today’s Agenda Finish lab conclusions using data from the lab.
Start notes on chemical reactions. Finish lab conclusions. Notes – describing Chem Rxns.

3/14/14 Exit Task Trade and Grade.
Please turn in your entry and exit task sheet for the week.

3/17/14 Entry Task Do you think the Alkaline Earth metals (Group 2A) will be more reactive down the group or up the group? Why?

Today’s Agenda Finish notes on Chemical Formulas, Carbon and Macromolecules. Prepare for lab. Write pre-lab in comp books Set up stations

Alkaline Earth Metals Question Given four compounds containing an alkaline earth metal (Mg, Ca, Sr, and Ba) what is the ranking of reactivity when mixed with three potassium compounds? Materials safety goggles and spot plate alkaline earth metal compounds and potassium compounds Mg(NO3)2 K2CO3 Ca(NO3)2 K2SO4 Ba(NO3)2 K2CrO4 Sr(NO3)2

Hypothesis Procedure Data Collection Conclusion
in one well of the spot plate, mix 5 drops of alkaline earth compound with 5 drops of a potassium compound. Do this for all 4 alkaline earth compounds combining with 3 potassium compounds. Total of 12 wells. record qualitative and quantitative data precipitate (ppt.) color strength of reaction (on a scale of 1-5) rinse down DRAIN when done Data Collection Conclusion results with data to support

K2CO3 K2SO4 K2CrO4 Average reaction Ba (NO3)2 Ca (NO3)2 Sr (NO3)2
Mg(NO3)2 K2CO3 FOR EXAMPLE ONLY: white ppt. 5 K2SO4 K2CrO4 Average reaction 0 = no reaction <-> 5 = most reaction

EXAMPLE ONLY Conclusion (not real, do not copy, just an example of what to write) Ca(NO3)2 reacted the strongest with three potassium compounds with an average “score” of 4.3 on our scale of 1-5. Ba(NO3)2 reacted the next strongest with…

3/17/14 Exit Task Using details from the notes, why do you think some biological molecules are called “macromolecules”?

3/18/14 – per 1,3,5 and 3/19/14 – per 2,4,6 Entry Task
What evidence of chemical reaction might you notice in today’s lab? Explain what the following chemical formula tells you: K2CO3 Would this be ionic or covalent? How do you know?

Today’s Agenda 3-4 more slides on biological macromolecules
Pre-lab written in comp books Conduct Lab and record data Possibly time for conclusions.

3/18/14 – per 1,3,5 and 3/19/14 – per 2,4,6 Exit Task
Using evidence from the lab, rank the alkaline earth metals from most reactive to least reactive.

3/20/14 Entry Task Explain what each of the following chemical formulas tell you: K2SO4 K2CrO4 Are these ionic or covalent compounds? How do you know? Sign up for lap tops

Today’s Agenda Share data Complete your conclusions.
Was your hypothesis supported? What can you conclude? Most reactive and evidence Least reactive and evidence 2nd most reactive and evidence 3rd most reactive and evidence How does this evidence support your conclusion? Extra time? Consider your grade and complete any missing assignments.

3/20/14 Exit Task What are the reactants and what are the products in the following chemical equation? Ba(NO3)2(aq) + K2CO3(aq) --> BaCO3(s) + 2KNO3(aq)

3/21/14 Entry Task Say Something Nice
Conclusions due MONDAY! Any Questions?

Today’s Agenda Read the text.
Using the “atom” cards, arrange the reactants. CHEMICAL REACTION! Place the arrow… Rearrange the “atom” cards to make the products. Was law of conservation of mass maintained? How do you know? Answer all questions on your own paper.

3/21/14 Exit Task Trade and Grade Please turn in Entry/Exit tasks

What information can you understand from this chemical equation? Is this equation balanced? How can you tell? CuSO Fe => FeSO Cu

Today’s Agenda Review and turn in 4 questions about conservation of mass in chemical reactions. Prepare for Copper Sulfate Lab.

Extracting Copper from Copper Sulfate
Purpose To break the bonds between the copper (Cu) and sulfate (SO4) in order to see the copper Materials copper sulfate (CuSO4) and Fe filings water beakers, mortar and pestle, graduated cylinder, stirring rod hot plate CuSO Fe => FeSO Cu

Procedure Measure out about g of CuSO4 crystals and place in a beaker. Add 20 ml of water to the CuSO4 in the beaker. Use the hot plate with a setting of med-hi to help dissolve the crystals. Stir and do not allow it to boil. Measure out 1.0 g of iron (Fe) filings and leave in small plastic tray. Once the CuSO4 is dissolved, remove from heat and slowly add the iron and then stir on and off for 3-4 minutes. Carefully pour the liquid down the drain (not the metal!). Rinse the “new” metal a few times.

Observations/Questions
Describe the “new solid” in the bottom of beaker and what do you think it is? Where did the iron go? What tests could you do in order find out what the new metal is? How did it get there (or where did it come from)? How could you make the reaction go “backwards” (get the iron metal and CuSO4 crystal back again? Is this the way we get this metal (or any metal for that matter?) If not, how do we get it?

CuSO Fe => FeSO Cu describe describe describe describe

3/24/14 Exit Task 6CO2 + 6H2O ------> C6H12O6 + O2
Is this chemical equation balanced? If not, how could you balance it? HINT: count the C’s, O’s and H’s on the reactant side and compare to the product side.

3/25/14 Entry Task 6CO2 + 6H2O ------> C6H12O6 + O2
Is this chemical equation balanced? If not, how could you balance it? Try balancing this one: __N2 + __F2 __NF3

Today’s Agenda Conduct the copper sulfate lab.
Finished with the lab? Sit down and answer the 6 questions AND be sure to describe each of the reactants and products. Extra time? Begin work on the “Balancing Equations” Worksheet.

3/25/14 Exit Task In the lab, describe which bonds were broken and which bonds formed. You may use information from the chemical equation to help you: CuSO Fe => FeSO Cu

3/26/14 Entry Task When balancing chemical equations, which numbers can you change? Which numbers can you not change?

Today’s Agenda Read pages 338-341 in your textbook.
Work on the “Balancing Equations” worksheet. NOTE: Please focus on the easy ones first: #2,6,8,11,14,16,18 Once you master those, work on the rest! Remember your multiplication facts and if your first plan doesn’t work….erase and try again You may help each other but STAY SEATED and working quietly.

3/26/14 Exit Task Balance this chemical equation: __P4 + __O2  __P2O3

3/27/14 Entry Task Is mowing the lawn a physical, chemical or nuclear reaction? What about the combustion of gasoline in the engine? The sun shining? Please take out your “Balancing Equations” sheet.

Today’s Agenda Review “Balancing Equations” sheet. You will be asked to share – be willing You may fix your answers. TURN THESE IN! Discuss Copper Sulfate lab Q/A FIGURE OUT: Complete “Chemical, Physical, Nuclear” Worksheet.

3/27/14 Exit Task Explain the difference between chemical reactions and nuclear reactions.

3/28/14 Entry Task Say Something Nice 
“Chemical, Physical, Nuclear?” due Monday 3/31/14.

Today’s Agenda UNIT TEST NEXT FRIDAY – all missing work due.
SHORT notes on fusion, fission, and radioactive decay. Conduct activity to generate a decay curve. Answer questions at end.

3/28/14 Exit Task Please turn in your entry/exit tasks.

Can you think of a way to increase the rate of a reaction? Take out and review “Chemical, Physical, or Nuclear?” Turn these in.

Today’s Agenda STANDARD: I can predict the effect of a change in temperature, surface area, or pressure on the rate of a given physical or chemical change. GOAL: Design a lab to test temperature change or change in particle size on rate of chemical change.

Write a procedure. Be sure to follow green sheet.
“Rate of Reaction Lab” Question (choose one) How does temperature affect the time it takes for Alka Seltzer® to react with the 15 ml of water? How does particle size affect the time it takes for Alka Seltzer® to react with the 15 ml of water? Have 3 different conditions for the independent variable (manipulated). Temperature- three different temperatures Particle size – three different sizes Hypothesis Materials: Alka Seltzer, 15 mL water, baggies, thermometer, stop watch, hot plate, beaker Write a procedure. Be sure to follow green sheet. What will your experimental control condition be?

Procedure 1.Gather materials and don goggles.
2.Put 15 ml of water in the baggie. 3. Put one complete tablet of alka seltzer in baggie. Start stopwatch moment of dropping alka seltzer in water and stop once it stops fizzing. Crush (but do not powder) the tablet with mortar and pestle Repeat step 2-4. Powder the tablet with mortar and pestle. Record data in data table.

This chemical reaction…
C6H8O7 + 3NaHCO3 → 3H2O + 3CO2 + Na3C6H5O7 REACTANTS: sodium bicarbonate + citric acid ---> PRODUCTS: water + carbon dioxide + sodium citrate DESIGN A DATA TABLE!!! You will write a CONCLUSION after the lab.

3/31/14 Exit Task Identify the independent variable and the dependent variable in this investigation. What is your experimental control variable?

4/1/14 Entry Task Please take out your procedures for today’s lab.
Do you have 3 controlled variables? TEST TODAY!!!!! (Instead of Friday) APRIL FOOLS

Data Table CONDITION TIME to COMPLETE REACTION in SECONDS
Experimental Control Condition (room temp or half tablet) Condition 1 (ice water or ¼ tablet) Condition 2 (30 degrees or crushed tablet) Condition 3 (60 degrees or powdered tablet)

Today’s Agenda Check off hypothesis and lab procedures. Conduct Lab.
Begin conclusion if you finish early.

4/1/14 Exit Task

4/2/14 Entry Task

Today’s Agenda

4/2/14 Exit Task

4/3/14 Entry Task Of the following topics, what do you understand the best? The Least?

Today’s Agenda ? Study Guide

4/3/14 Exit Task Explain exactly what you will study tonight and the resources you will access to do that.

4/4/14 Entry Task Say Something Nice We will do this but only for the first 7 minutes of class BECAUSE we have a test to take!

Physical Science Semester 2

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Physical Science Semester 2

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