MISSISSIPPI TRIAL, 1955 By Chris Crowe.

MISSISSIPPI TRIAL, 1955 By Chris Crowe

Timeline of Major Events in African American History (1619-1957)
Mississippi Trial, 1955 Timeline of Major Events in African American History ( )

First African Slaves Arrive in Virginia
1619 First African Slaves Arrive in Virginia

1787 (168 Years Later) Slavery is made illegal in the Northwest Territory. The U.S Constitution states that Congress may not ban the slave trade until 1808.

1793 A federal fugitive slave law is enacted, providing for the return of slaves who had escaped and crossed state lines.

Congress bans the importation of slaves from Africa.
1808 Congress bans the importation of slaves from Africa.

1820 The Missouri Compromise bans slavery north of the southern boundary of Missouri.

1849 Harriet Tubman escapes from slavery and becomes one of the most effective and celebrated leaders of the Underground Railroad.

1863 (244 Years After the First Slaves in America)
President Lincoln issues the Emancipation Proclamation, declaring "that all persons held as slaves" within the Confederate states "are, and henceforward shall be free."

1865 Congress establishes the Freedmen's Bureau to protect the rights of newly emancipated blacks (March). The Civil War ends (April 9). Lincoln is assassinated (April 14). The Ku Klux Klan is formed in Tennessee by ex-Confederates (May). Slavery in the United States is effectively ended when 250,000 slaves in Texas finally receive the news that the Civil War had ended two months earlier (June 19). Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution is ratified, prohibiting slavery (Dec. 6).

1868 Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution is ratified, defining citizenship. Individuals born or naturalized in the United States are American citizens, including those born as slaves. This nullifies the Dred Scott Case (1857), which had ruled that blacks were not citizens.

1870 Fifteenth Amendment to the Constitution is ratified, giving blacks the right to vote. Hiram Revels of Mississippi is elected the country's first African-American senator. During Reconstruction, sixteen blacks served in Congress and about 600 served in states legislatures.

1896 Plessy v. Ferguson: This landmark Supreme Court decision holds that racial segregation is constitutional, paving the way for the repressive Jim Crow laws in the South.

1909 The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People is founded in New York by prominent black and white intellectuals and led by W.E.B. Du Bois. For the next half century, it would serve as the country's most influential African-American civil rights organization, dedicated to political equality and social justice In 1910, its journal, The Crisis, was launched.

1931 Nine black youths are indicted in Scottsboro, Ala., on charges of having raped two white women. Although the evidence was slim, the southern jury sentenced them to death. The Supreme Court overturns their convictions twice; each time Alabama retries them, finding them guilty. In a third trial, four of the Scottsboro boys are freed; but five are sentenced to long prison terms.

1954 Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kans. declares that racial segregation in schools is unconstitutional (May 17).

1955 A young black boy, Emmett Till, is brutally murdered for allegedly whistling at a white woman in Mississippi. Two white men charged with the crime are acquitted by an all-white jury. They later boast about committing the murder. The public outrage generated by the case helps spur the civil rights movement (Aug.). Rosa Parks refuses to give up her seat at the front of the "colored section" of a bus to a white passenger (Dec.1). In response to her arrest Montgomery's black community launch a successful year-long bus boycott. Montgomery's buses are desegregated on Dec. 21, 1956.

1957 Nine black students are blocked from entering the school on the orders of Governor Orval Faubus. (Sept. 24). Federal troops and the National Guard are called to intervene on behalf of the students, who become known as the "Little Rock Nine." Despite a year of violent threats, several of the "Little Rock Nine" manage to graduate from Central High.

Pre-Reading Assignment
Mississippi Trial, 1955 Pre-Reading Assignment

Your Task Year Event Character 1619 First African are brought to America Captain Jope 1808 Congress Bans Importation of Slaves Slave Owner 1849 Fugitive Slave Act Henry Brown James Miller McKim Underground Railroad Harriet Tubman 1863 Abolition of Slavery Abraham Lincoln Slave 1865 End of the Civil War Union Soldier Confederate Soldier KKK Begins Founder of the KKK 1868 14th Amendment Former slave, mother of 3 1870 15th Amendment Thomas Mundy Peterson First African in politics Hiram Revels 1896 Plessy v. Ferguson Homer Adolph Plessy Judge John Howard Ferguson 1909 Formation of the NAACP WEB DuBois 1931 Scotsboro Rape Case One of the Scottsboro Boys 1954 Brown v. Board of Education Oliver L. Brown 1955 The Murder of Emmett Till Emmett Till Roy Bryant Bus Protests Rosa Parks White Man Who Demanded Rosa move 1957 Desegregation in Little Rock One of the Little Rock 9 One of the white students You will be assigned a character from African American history. Your task is to write a second speech from the point of view of your character. Think about the event. How would your character describe what’s happening? Prepare the speech to give to the class and others. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.8.4 Present claims and findings, emphasizing salient points in a focused, coherent manner with relevant evidence, sound valid reasoning, and well-chosen details; use appropriate eye contact, adequate volume, and clear pronunciation.

How You’ll Be Graded Length – Must be 60-120 seconds
Research – You will create an annotated bibliography of your research, showing what sources you used and what you learned from each of them. Content – You must show an exceptional understanding of your topic and character. DO NOT COPY AND PASTE ANYTHING FROM THE INTERNET FOR YOUR SPEECH OR YOU WILL FAIL. Presentation – You must create an engaging speech delivered in an engaging manner. Want to earn a 4? You can either memorize it or deliver it in the accent/vernacular of your character. Listening – You will be an active listener during all presentations.

The Final Product We will create a living time line.
AKA – We will give speeches from the point of view of your characters, depicting attitudes of the time. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.8.4 Present claims and findings, emphasizing salient points in a focused, coherent manner with relevant evidence, sound valid reasoning, and well-chosen details; use appropriate eye contact, adequate volume, and clear pronunciation.

Creating an Annotated Bibliography
What does that mean? You will list your sources and provide a factual summary of their contents. Let’s practice on the sample in your packet! CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.W.8.8 Gather relevant information from multiple print and digital sources, using search terms effectively; assess the credibility and accuracy of each source; and quote or paraphrase the data and conclusions of others while avoiding plagiarism and following a standard format for citation.

Characteristics of a Good Public Speaker
Plan Practice Deliver Engage with your audience Have good posture Think positively Use vocal variety Know your character! CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.8.4 Present claims and findings, emphasizing salient points in a focused, coherent manner with relevant evidence, sound valid reasoning, and well-chosen details; use appropriate eye contact, adequate volume, and clear pronunciation.

Mississippi Trial, 1955 Who is Emmett Till?

Documentary The Murder of Emmett Till https://youtu.be/1-X4is9jMYk
Complete the listening guide in your packet.

Final Pre-Reading Activities
Mississippi Trial, 1955 Final Pre-Reading Activities

What is Historical Fiction?
First word: Historical Based on true events in history Second word: Fiction A made up story Put it together: Historical Fiction A made up story based on true events in history Mississippi Trial, 1955 is an example of historical fiction. Emmett Till was a real person .He was really murdered. This story uses those facts, but it tells them from a made up perspective.

Setting Greenwood, Mississippi In an area referred to as “The Delta”
-This is area is known for cotton, the blues, and being notoriously racist -Does that mean everyone here was racist?

Anticipation Guide You Author
You Author Race determines a person’s value in society. If a law is wrong, it is all right to disobey it. All people are created equal. No matter race, religion or gender, citizens are all treated fairly in our courts of law No one is 100% bad or 100% good. Words are dangerous. A person who uses incorrect grammar is not educated. Some words are so offensive they shouldn’t be used. One should stand up for what’s right, no matter the consequences.

Mississippi Trial, 1955 Chapter 1

Identifying a Character’s Point of View
Characters in novels have a background or story. That background shapes how they act, what they believe, and what they say. It also shapes their Point of View. A character who was raised in the South has a different perspective than you or I because they had different experiences. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RL.8.6 Analyze how differences in the points of view of the characters and the audience or reader (e.g., created through the use of dramatic irony) create such effects as suspense or humor.

Point of View on the Field Workers
Hiram’s Grampa Hiram CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RL.8.6 Analyze how differences in the points of view of the characters and the audience or reader (e.g., created through the use of dramatic irony) create such effects as suspense or humor.

Your Task In your packet, identify what the following characters think about “The Delta”: Hiram, Hiram’s Dad, and Hiram’s Grampa. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RL.8.6 Analyze how differences in the points of view of the characters and the audience or reader (e.g., created through the use of dramatic irony) create such effects as suspense or humor.

How did folks view the neighbors, Ralph and Ronnie Remington?
Chapter 2 – Point of View How did folks view the neighbors, Ralph and Ronnie Remington? Hiram’s Gramma R.C. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RL.8.6 Analyze how differences in the points of view of the characters and the audience or reader (e.g., created through the use of dramatic irony) create such effects as suspense or humor.

Tolerance the ability or willingness to tolerate something, in particular the existence of opinions or behavior that one does not necessarily agree with. synonyms: acceptance, toleration Was R.C. very tolerant of others? Was Hiram? Is it important to be tolerant of others? Should we be tolerant of R.C.’s treatment of others and animals? CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RL.8.3 Analyze how particular lines of dialogue or incidents in a story or drama propel the action, reveal aspects of a character, or provoke a decision.

Mississippi Trial, 1955 Chapters 3 and 4

Opposing Views What perceptions do Grampa and Hiram have about Emmett Till and about skin color based on the chapter we have just read as well as information and events in previous chapters? How do they each feel about people of different color? For example, what was Grampa’s response to Hiram trying to help in the fields in Chapter 1? What do we know about Harlan (Hiram’s father) and Grampa’s relationship? What does this tell us about Grampa’s perspective on race versus how Hiram was raised? CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RL.8.3 Analyze how particular lines of dialogue or incidents in a story or drama propel the action, reveal aspects of a character, or provoke a decision.

Consider Alternative Viewpoints
Why did Hiram’s father want to leave The Delta? Why did Hiram want to stay? Why did Hiram’s Grampa want him to stay? Why did Hiram’s mother let him stay for a while? Would Hiram be better with the family and familiarity of the south? CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RL.8.3 Analyze how particular lines of dialogue or incidents in a story or drama propel the action, reveal aspects of a character, or provoke a decision.

Indirect Characterization - Bobo
Example Explanation Speech Thoughts Effect on Others Actions Looks CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RL.8.3 Analyze how particular lines of dialogue or incidents in a story or drama propel the action, reveal aspects of a character, or provoke a decision.

Making Connections - Desegregation
Complete the KWL chart about Desegregation in your packet. What you Know What you Wonder What you Learned CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.W.8.9 Draw evidence from literary or informational texts to support analysis, reflection, and research.

It’s Play Time! CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.8.6 Adapt speech to a variety of contexts and tasks, demonstrating command of formal English when indicated or appropriate.

Characterization Choose a character
Hiram Grampa Gramma R.C. Dad Complete the chart in your packet about that character CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RL.8.3 Analyze how particular lines of dialogue or incidents in a story or drama propel the action, reveal aspects of a character, or provoke a decision.

Follow Up Questions What is a bystander?
How can this understanding apply to chapter 8 in Mississippi Trial, 1955? CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.W.8.2.D Use precise language and domain-specific vocabulary to inform about or explain the topic.

Journal Do you think that Hiram’s opinion of his father has changed after this chapter? Why or why not? Cite textual evidence from the novel. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.W.8.1.B Support claim(s) with logical reasoning and relevant evidence, using accurate, credible sources and demonstrating an understanding of the topic or text.

Questioning On page 96, Hiram says, “Back in Arizona, I’d heard about how the Mormons had been chased out of most places they had lived until they’d finally settled in Utah, a desert nobody wanted.” What is he talking about? Good readers find opportunities like this to enrich their understanding. Do a search. Is this true? What happened? CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.W.8.7 Conduct short research projects to answer a question (including a self-generated question), drawing on several sources and generating additional related, focused questions that allow for multiple avenues of exploration.

Identifying Bias in the Media
It is vital to an American democracy for citizens to have access to information. In a recent Gallup Poll, the majority of Americans believe that the mass media slant reports in favor of the liberal position on current issues. [The bias] is not the result of a vast left-wing conspiracy – [there is] an unconscious “groupthink” mentality that taints news coverage and allows only one side of a debate to receive a fair hearing. When that happens, the truth suffers. A reporter’s job is to present a balanced story. As you read, listen to and watch the news, you may notice stories that you think are biased. To see if they really are biased, you need to determine if the story falls into at least one of the several forms in which bias occurs. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.8.2 Analyze the purpose of information presented in diverse media and formats (e.g., visually, quantitatively, orally) and evaluate the motives (e.g., social, commercial, political) behind its presentation.

News or Views? A Closer Look

News or Views? We tend to think that news articles are objective, which means they are based on factual information. However, all news reports are to some extent subjective – or based on feelings or opinions – since they represent the reporter’s analysis of the information surrounding the story’s topic. Close analysis of the details of the text’s content, structure, and publication context can often reveal subtle indications of bias in terms of how the writer frames the issue. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.8.2 Analyze the purpose of information presented in diverse media and formats (e.g., visually, quantitatively, orally) and evaluate the motives (e.g., social, commercial, political) behind its presentation.

What is Bias? Bias is an inclination or mental leaning for or against something, which prevents impartial judgment.

How Can I Detect Bias? Considering the following aspects of a text gives a basis for understanding that many news stories may be far from objective in their coverage of the stories they construct.

Bias Through Selection and Omission
An editor can express a bias by choosing to use or not to use a specific news item. For example: An editor might believe that advertisers want younger readers—they spend more money. Therefore, news of specific interest to old people will be ignored. Within a given story, details can be ignored or included to give readers or viewers a different opinion about the events reported.

If, during a speech, a few people boo, the reaction can be described as “remarks greeted by jeers” or they can be ignored as “a handful of dissidents…” or perhaps not even be mentioned. Bias through the omission of stories or details is very difficult to detect. Only by comparing news reports from a wide variety of outlets can this form of bias be observed. Bias in local news coverage can be found by comparing reports of the same event as treated in different papers.

These ads certainly omitted information that might have made their readers feel differently!

Guiding Question #1 Have they left out important details that might change our perspective?

Bias Through Placement
Readers of papers judge first-page stories to be more significant than those buried in the back. Television and radio newscasts run the most important stories first and leave the less significant to later. Where a story is placed, therefore, influences what a reader or viewer thinks about its importance and suggests the editor’s evaluation of its importance.

For example: A local editor might campaign against the owning of hand guns by giving prominent space to every shooting with a hand gun and gun-related accident in his paper. Some murders and robberies receive front-page attention while others receive only a mention on page twenty.

Similarly, where information appears within an article may also reveal evidence of bias. Since most readers only read the first few paragraphs of any given article, burying information at the end may work to suppress a particular point of view or piece of information, while placing it at the beginning emphasizes it. The opposite might be true, though; the end could reveal the writer’s closing thought (and thus his/her personal bias) on the issue.

Guiding Question #2 Have they placed information at the end of a page or end of an article to de-emphasize it?

Bias by Headline Many people read only the headline of a news item.
Most people scan nearly all the headlines in a newspaper. Headlines are the most read part of a paper. They can summarize as well as present carefully hidden bias and prejudices. They can convey excitement where little exists; they can express approval or condemnation; they can steer public opinion.

Bias by Headline How do these headlines steer your opinion without you even reading the article?

Does the headline express approval or condemnation?
Guiding Question #3 Does the headline express approval or condemnation?

Bias by Photos, Captions, and Camera Angles
Some pictures flatter a person; others make the person look unpleasant. A paper can choose photos to influence opinion about, for example, a candidate for election. Television can show film or videotape that praises or condemns. The choice of which visual images to display is extremely important. Newspapers run captions that are also potential sources of bias and opinion.

Bias by Photos, Captions, and Camera Angles
Notice how the attractiveness of the photos, the backgrounds chosen, and the captions used create very different portrayal of the candidate.

Do pictures show the subject in a flattering/unflattering way?
Guiding Question #4 Do pictures show the subject in a flattering/unflattering way?

Bias through Statistics and Crowd Counts
To make a disaster seem more spectacular (and therefore worthy of reading), numbers can be inflated. For Example: “One hundred injured in train wreck” can be the same as “Passengers injured in train wreck.”

Bias through Statistics and Crowd Counts
Crowd counts are notoriously inaccurate and often reflect the opinion of the person doing the counting. A reporter, event sponsor, or police officer might estimate a crowd at several thousand if he or she agrees with the purpose of the assembly—or a much smaller number if he/she is critical of the crowd’s purposes or beliefs. News magazines use specific numbers to enhance believability.

Do numbers seem emphasized or downplayed?
Guiding Question #5 Do numbers seem emphasized or downplayed?

Bias by Source Control To detect bias, always consider where a news item “comes from.” Is the information supplied by a reporter, by an eyewitness, by police or fire officials, by executives, by elected or appointed government officials? Each might have a particular bias that is presented in the story. Puff pieces are supplied to newspapers (and TV stations) by companies or public relations directors—and even sometimes by the government (directly or through press conferences).

Bias by Source Control For example:
The “Avocado Growers Association” might send a press release in the form of a news story telling of a doctor who claims that avocados are healthy and should be eaten by all. A food company might supply recipes for a newspaper’s food section that recommends use of its products in the recipes. A country’s tourist bureau will supply a glowing story, complete with pictures of a pleasant vacation. Recently, even government agencies have sometimes issued such releases.

Bias by Source Control A pseudo-event is some event (demonstration, sit-in, ribbon cutting, speech, ceremony, ground breaking, etc.) that takes place primarily to gain news coverage. Similarly, the choice of who is quoted in an article can point to bias. Be sure to consider who is quoted, what the quote seems to reveal or imply (negatively or positively) about the position, who is merely paraphrased, and what perspectives are unrepresented or remain silent in the article.

Who gets to speak and who is only paraphrased?
Guiding Question #6 Who gets to speak and who is only paraphrased?

Make a Prediction Do you think the local Mississippi paper (The Greenwood Commonwealth) may present some bias? Do you think there would be more or less bias than today? Let’s look! CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.8.2 Analyze the purpose of information presented in diverse media and formats (e.g., visually, quantitatively, orally) and evaluate the motives (e.g., social, commercial, political) behind its presentation.

Newspaper Coverage Do you see bias in the news coverage from 1955?

Is the Media More or Less Biased Today?
Look at coverage of some of the big things that are happening in our world. We’re going to read about Syrian refugees from 2 different media outlets. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.8.2 Analyze the purpose of information presented in diverse media and formats (e.g., visually, quantitatively, orally) and evaluate the motives (e.g., social, commercial, political) behind its presentation.

What’s Really Important!
Look for bias in media or your research. Look at the Media Outlet, picture choices, and headlines. Be sure they shared multiple viewpoints. Be willing to seek alternative viewpoints. Synthesize the new information to create a deeper understanding. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.8.2 Analyze the purpose of information presented in diverse media and formats (e.g., visually, quantitatively, orally) and evaluate the motives (e.g., social, commercial, political) behind its presentation.

Examine News for Bias Reread the actual article that was published in the Greenwood Commonwealth (pages ) Evaluate the article: Did it seem to present all information? Did it seem to form an opinion? Does the headline form an opinion? Do the quotes in the article lead themselves to being one-sided? CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.8.2 Analyze the purpose of information presented in diverse media and formats (e.g., visually, quantitatively, orally) and evaluate the motives (e.g., social, commercial, political) behind its presentation.

Compare to the Editorial
What is an editorial? a newspaper article written by or on behalf of an editor that gives an opinion on a topical issue. Look at the editorial on pages How is that different from actual reporting? CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.8.2 Analyze the purpose of information presented in diverse media and formats (e.g., visually, quantitatively, orally) and evaluate the motives (e.g., social, commercial, political) behind its presentation.

Writing With Voice Consider the characters in the novel. In your packet, complete the dual journal. On one side, consider how Hiram is feeling. What might a journal entry from him sound like? On the other side, consider how Grampa feels. What might a journal entry from him sound like? CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.W.8.3.A Engage and orient the reader by establishing a context and point of view and introducing a narrator and/or characters; organize an event sequence that unfolds naturally and logically.

The “N” Word Historically, this is a word that has been used in America. Chris Crowe is creating authentic dialogue when he uses it in the book. Does that mean we can use it? CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RL.8.4 Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text, including figurative and connotative meanings; analyze the impact of specific word choices on meaning and tone, including analogies or allusions to other texts.

Synthesize What You’ve Learned
In your packet, write about the perspective you’ve gained about the “N” word. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RL.8.4 Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text, including figurative and connotative meanings; analyze the impact of specific word choices on meaning and tone, including analogies or allusions to other texts.

Simile and Metaphor Similes and metaphors are both used to make comparisons or reveal concepts. Page 156 – “Grampa sat like a man going to his own funeral.” Page 159 – “The room felt like an oven.” CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.L.8.5 Demonstrate understanding of figurative language, word relationships, and nuances in word meanings.

Examine Metaphor and Simile
Bob Dylan, famous folk musician of the time, wrote a song about Emmett Till. Bob would have been the same age as Emmett. Examine the lyrics in the packet. Pick out, analyze, and explain the metaphors and similes in his song. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.L.8.5 Demonstrate understanding of figurative language, word relationships, and nuances in word meanings.

Write a Metaphor or Simile
Read over page 162 about the jury on the Emmett Till murder trial. Write a metaphor examining the jury in your packet. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.L.8.5 Demonstrate understanding of figurative language, word relationships, and nuances in word meanings.

Analyze the Text Page 187 – “The first words that entered in this case, ‘I want the boy from Chicago who did the talking at Money,’ were dripping with the blood of Emmett Till.” Page 189 – What was the motive? Examine the trial perspectives. What were the main arguments of the defense and prosecution? Complete the chapter 15 page in your packet. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RL.8.2 Determine a theme or central idea of a text and analyze its development over the course of the text, including its relationship to the characters, setting, and plot; provide an objective summary of the text.

Revealing Aspects Find a line in chapter 16 that reveals what could be seen as the true character of Grampa. What does this line tell us? CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RL.8.3 Analyze how particular lines of dialogue or incidents in a story or drama propel the action, reveal aspects of a character, or provoke a decision.

Theme Oftentimes, the final chapter of a book reveals the theme. Examine this final chapter. Find a line that hints at the theme of the book. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RL.8.2 Determine a theme or central idea of a text and analyze its development over the course of the text, including its relationship to the characters, setting, and plot; provide an objective summary of the text.

Mississippi Trial, 1955 In Summation

Primary Sources We’re going to look at actual writings from the time. These include letters, postcards, newspaper editorials, etc. In a group, your task is to decide, for each of the sources, if they are supporting the murderers, Emmett Till, or they fall somewhere in the middle. Pay attention to who is sending each message and who they are going to. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RI.8.6 Determine an author's point of view or purpose in a text and analyze how the author acknowledges and responds to conflicting evidence or viewpoints.

A Killer’s Confession William Bradford Huie wrote and published an article called The Shocking Story of Approved Killing in Mississippi for Look magazine on January 24, 1956. This featured the story of Roy Bryant and J.W. Milam’s murder of Emmett Till, as told from their perspective. They were paid $4,000 for their magazine confession. They never received any legal recourse. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RI.8.2 Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.

Mississippi Trial, 1955 Modern Connections

The Anniversary CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RI.8.2 Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.

Does Understanding the Historical Context Help You Understand the Current Struggle?
CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RL.8.9 Analyze how a modern work of fiction draws on themes, patterns of events, or character types from myths, traditional stories, or religious works such as the Bible, including describing how the material is rendered new.

MISSISSIPPI TRIAL, 1955 By Chris Crowe.

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MISSISSIPPI TRIAL, 1955 By Chris Crowe.

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