1. Session I - Introduction http://www.profburnett.com
CMP 051 XML Introduction
Session I - Introduction

2. Outline Web Building Blocks XML Technologies XML is not HTML
Comparing HTML and XML
XML Benefits
XML-Based Languages
W3C and XML
XML as a Metalanguage
XML as a Markup Language
Future of XML
8/1/2014
Copyright © Carl M. Burnett

3. Web Building Blocks Hypertext Stylization Interactivity Metadata
8/1/2014
Copyright © Carl M. Burnett

4. Introduction to XML XML: Extensible Markup Language
A markup language and a metalanguage
Markup language
To design ways to describe information for storage, transmission, or processing
Metalanguage
To create a formal description of another language
8/1/2014
Copyright © Carl M. Burnett

5. XMLHttpRequest Object
XML Technologies
Data Structure
Metadata
Stylization
HTML Technologies
XQuery
XPointer
XLink
XPath
XSLT
XSL-FO
XMLHttpRequest Object
DTD
XML
XML Schema
WSDL
RSS
XML-Namespaces
8/1/2014
Copyright © Carl M. Burnett

6. XML is not HTML Similarities Text-based Uses tags Uses attributes
Syntax is similar in appearance
9/17/2018
Copyright © Carl M. Burnett

7. XML is not HTML XML goal: HTML goal:
Describe data and to focus on what the data actually is
Share richly structured electronic documents over the World Wide Web
HTML goal:
Display marked up content and apply default formatting
9/17/2018
Copyright © Carl M. Burnett

8. Comparing HTML and XML HTML XML
Finite number of tags with predefined semantics
Used to display and format data
XML
Create own specific tags to meet own specific needs
Used to structure and define the information
Semantics are defined by applications that process it or by style sheets
9/17/2018
Copyright © Carl M. Burnett

9. Comparing HTML and XML documents
<p>ABC Co. owes us
<strong>$3,17.89.</strong>
This account should be monitored.</p>
HTML Document
<text>
<client>ABC Co.</client>
owes us
<invant>$3,17.89</invant>
<remark>This account should be monitored.</remark>
</text>
XML Document
9/17/2018
Copyright © Carl M. Burnett

10. XML Benefits XML removed 2 constraints from SGML and HTML
Dependence on inflexible document markup language (HTML) with predefined tags and semantics
SGML is complex and allows many powerful options
9/17/2018
Copyright © Carl M. Burnett

11. XML Benefits Data interchange Extensibility Smart searches
Provides structure for storing data in text format, which can be used as a standard format for data interchange
Extensibility
Provides the ability to develop specific and unique tags
Smart searches
Provides high-precision searching in Web environments
Granular updates
Provides faster updates
9/17/2018
Copyright © Carl M. Burnett

12. XML-Based Languages Language Description CDF
Channel Definition Format – First real world application of XML (Microsoft Developed)
CML
Chemical Markup Language – Allows for the conversion of current files in structure documents and provide precise location of information in files.
EIL
Extensible Indexing Language – Looks at the tag in a document and assigns the content between the tags in a searchable fields.
ETD-ML
Electronic Thesis & Dissertation Markup Language – Converts theses from MS Word into SGML/XML.
FlowML
XML-based format for musical notation; a format for storing audio synthesis diagrams for synthesizers.
ITML
Information Technology Markup Language – Set of specification for protocols, message formats and best practices.
9/17/2018
Copyright © Carl M. Burnett

13. XML-Based Languages Language Description MathML
Mathematical Markup Language – Methodology for describing mathematical notations.
SMIL
Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language – Designed to integrate multimedia object into a synchronized presentation.
VXML
Voice Extensible Markup Language – Allow integration with the Internet through Voice-Recognition technology.
XHTML
HTML 4.01 written as an XML application.
XSL
Extensible Stylesheet Language – The style standard for XML documents.
XSLT
Extensible Stylesheet Language Transformation – Used to transform XML documents into other types of XML documents.
9/17/2018
Copyright © Carl M. Burnett

14. W3C and XML World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)
Founded in 1994 by Tim Berners-Lee
Purpose:
To develop interoperable technologies to promote the WWW as a forum for information, commerce, communication, and collective understanding
To act as a referee among those who propose or develop standards in the rapidly changing Web universe
9/17/2018
Copyright © Carl M. Burnett

15. W3C and XML XML shall be easily implemented over the Internet
XML shall support a wide variety of applications
XML shall be compatible SGML
XML documents shall be legible to humans
9/17/2018
Copyright © Carl M. Burnett

16. W3C and XML XML document design shall be prepared quickly
XML document design shall be formal and concise
XML documents shall be easy to create
XML markup is not required to be terse
9/17/2018
Copyright © Carl M. Burnett

17. XML as a Metalanguage Create other XML-based languages
Create specific documents or files unique to the developer, organization, or industry
Create your own XML elements
8/1/2014
Copyright © Carl M. Burnett

18. XML as a Markup Language
A set of commands that tell a program how to display content
Describes a document’s logical structure
Markup indicators are called tags
8/1/2014
Copyright © Carl M. Burnett

19. Future of XML XML will be used to structure and describe Web data
Provides a facility to define tags and the structural relationship between them
HTML will be used to display and format data
XML will not replace HTML but coexist and complement HTML in many environments
9/17/2018
Copyright © Carl M. Burnett

20. Review Web Building Blocks XML Technologies XML is not HTML
Comparing HTML and XML
XML Benefits
XML-Based Languages
W3C and XML
XML as a Metalanguage
XML as a Markup Language
Future of XML
Next – Chapter 1 – Writing XML
8/1/2014
Copyright © Carl M. Burnett