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Earth’s Changing Structures
SSA Review 5 – Earth’s Changing Structures
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Earthquakes What is an Earthquake?
Earthquake – the shaking of the Earth’s crust caused by a sudden movement of the Earth’s tectonic plates.
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Seismic waves – the vibrations through the Earth caused by the earthquake
Carries the energy away from the focus, in all directions through the Earth’s interior, and across the surface.
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Tectonic stresses causing Earthquakes
Tension – the crust is stretched
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Tectonic stresses causing Earthquakes
Shearing – the crust is pushed and pulled in opposite directions
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Tectonic stresses causing Earthquakes
Compression – the crust is squeezed
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Most volcanoes form along convergent boundaries (subduction zones)
Volcano – an opening on the Earth’s crust where magma erupts onto the surface. Most volcanoes form along convergent boundaries (subduction zones)
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Types of Eruptions 1. Quiet eruption – the lava flows gently down the side of a volcano
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Types of Volcanic Eruptions
2. Explosive – lava explodes out of the volcano *Pyroclastic flow – eruption that sends out ash, volcanic rocks, and gases Mayon Volcano - Phillipines
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