1. Chapter 15 Renaissance and Reformation
Outline Section 1
The Italian Renaissance

2. Ch 15 Sec 1 I. Era of Awakening A. Renaissance 1. early 1300’s, Italy
2. Means rebirth
3. Philosophical and artistic movement
a. Renewed interest in ancient Greek and Roman literature and life
b. Bring history into harmony with Christianity
1) Emphasis on human reason
2) Advances in Arts and Sciences

3. B. Causes
1. Began in Italy
a. Crusades & Trade
1) Arab & African achievements in science and medicine
2) Byzantine Scholars preserved Greek and Roman learning
3) Encouraged Italian curiosity for new knowledge
2. Italian cities rich from trade and industry
a. Wealthy educated merchants and bankers
b. Became patrons (supporters) of the arts
1) Medici’s - Florence
2) Isabella d’Este – Mantua

4. C. Humanities Study of grammar, history, Poetry and Rhetoric
2. Specialists called Humanists
a. Developed critical approach to learning
b. Verify through investigation
c. People should participate and lead meaningful lives
3. Still devoted Catholics
a. Tension between studies and religion
b. Life could be enjoyed
c. believed in individual achievement
Many both poets and scientists

5. II. Italian Renaissance Writers
A. Francesco Petrarch
1. Scholar, teacher, poet
Sonnets to Laura, the ideal woman
2. Studied the work of ancient Greece
and Rome writers
a. Classical Education (ancient Greece/Rome)
b. Believed classical writers committed to virtue in public and private life
3. Worried ambition would hurt chance
for salvation
4. First humanist, Father of Humanism

6. C. Baldassare Castiglione
B. Niccolo Machiavelli
1. Diplomat and historian
2. Wrote essay “The Prince”
a. thought rulers should concerned w/power and success
1) Ruthless = Machiavellian
3.Considered a humanist because used Romans as models
C. Baldassare Castiglione
1. Diplomat
2. Wrote “The Book of the Courtier”
a. most famous book of renaissance
b. Wrote in conversation style to illustrate how men and women should act in polite society.

7. III. Italian Renaissance Artists
A. Differences
1. Middle Ages
a. stressed religious concerns
b. depicted Holy Land
2. Renaissance
a. realistic scenes & images
b. life like humans
c. Italian countryside
B. Perspective
1. Distant objects small, close object larger
creates illusion of depth

8. Perspective

9. I. Giotto Artists of the Renaissance 1. one of first realist painters
fly ‘in’ painting looked real (legend)

10. II. Masaccio- used light and shadows to create depth
The Holy
Trinity
Madonna with St. Anne

11. III. Leonardo da Vinci
Architect, engineer, sculpture, painter & scientist
“Renaissance man,” that is, someone who excels in a variety of fields.
2. Science improved his painting
a. sketches of animals & flying machines
b. anatomy - realistic looking humans
c. Math - organizing of space
3. Created
a. “The Last Supper”
b. “Mona Lisa” - most famous
Only 15 of his paintings still exist.

12. Below: Last Supper Right: Mona Lisa Leonardo da Vinci, Self-portrait
The Last Supper
1498

13. a. Sistine Chapel – Vatican frescoes
IV. Michaelangelo
a. Sistine Chapel – Vatican frescoes
b. Sculptures
c. helped design St. Peter’s Basilica

15. V. Raphael a. hired to beautify the Vatican by pope 1. papal chambers
b. known for paintings of Madonna (Virgin Mary)

16. VI. Titian 1. Painted “The Assumption of the Virgin”
a. sense of drama, rich colors
2. Supported by the Holy Roman Emperor
3. one of first to become wealthy off work

17. More interest
in depicting
nature.
Titian:
Bacchius and
Ariadne

18. Greek and Roman mythology inspired many characters in
Renaissance paintings.
Botticelli,
Venus and Mars

19. Madonna of the Coronation
The Lady with
the Ermine
1485

20. The Prophets Isaiah and Ezekiel
Last Judgment
Saint Bartholomew holding the knife he was martyred with and his flayed skin. The face on the skin is a self-portrait of Michelangelo.
Doni Tondo Doni Madonna, c. 1503
Prophet Jeremiah

21. God separating the waters from the heavens.
The Creation of Adam
Detail of the face of God from the Cistine Chapel by
Michelangelo
God separating the waters from the heavens.

22. School of Athens
left: Resurrection of
Christ
St. George

23. Raphael Shakespeare wrote Romeo and Michelangelo Juliet paints the
Left: Madonna with the Fish
Right: Il Spasimo
Below center:
Portrait of
Francesco Maria
I della Rovere
Below left:
Baldassare
Castiglione
Shakespeare
wrote
Romeo and
Juliet
Michelangelo
paints the
ceiling of the
Sistine Chapel.

24. Raphael was commissioned to decorate the reception
rooms of the palace of the Vatican.
Adoration of The Sacrament

25. Emperor Charles V at Muhlberg 1548
Assunta
Virgin of the Rocks

26. Pieta: Titian’s last painting
Annunciation
Virgin of the Rocks
Pieta: Titian’s last painting

27. Left: The penitent Mary Magdalene
Below: Self-portrait by Titian, c. 1485

28. End Section1