1. 1/31 Warm up
Please answer the following questions separate sheet of paper as a warm-up:
1- According to Gospel of Wealth, what is the duty of industrialists?
2- Some oil companies own their shipping transports and drilling operations, making this what type of integration?
3- Social Darwinism states that society benefits when ____
4- What activities did Robber Barons do that earned them a bad reputation?
5- Name a modern day example of a captain of industry/robber baron and explain what traits fit them in that category (COI or RB)

2. 2/1 Warm up
Please begin quietly reading the handout on your desk about the labor movement. Be prepared to discuss definitions of the bolded words in the text.

3. Growth of the Labor Movement

4. Knights of Labor Leader- Uriah Smith Stevens, Terrance Powderly
Membership- Included all workers—any trade, race, gender
Goals- 8 hour workday, end child labor, income tax
Decline- Failed strikes

5. American Federation of Labor (AFL)
Leader- Samuel Gompers
Membership- Skilled workers
Goals-Strike and pension fund for workers in need, wages, working hours, working conditions
Decline- Organization continued to grow through 20th century

6. AMERICAN RAILWAY UNION
Leader- Eugene Debs
Membership-Organized railroad workers
Goals- Wanted one giant union for all railroad workers;
Decline- Union was seen as too radical and eventually lost membership; leaders jailed after Pullman Strike

7. Industrial WORKERS OF THE WORLD
Leader- William “Big Bill” Haywood
Membership- All workers (skilled and unskilled)
Goals- Government ownership of business/property
Decline- seen as too radical/lost members

8. Railroad Strikes of 1887
July, 1877—Workers in WVA went on strike response to wage cuts at Baltimore & Ohio Railroad Company
Protest sparked violence and massive
destruction in several cities- Pennsylvania, Missouri, Illinois, Maryland
Approximately 100 killed.
State and federal government sent in troops to restore order
Outcome- Public awareness of railroad worker grievances, growth of labor movement

9. Haymarket Square
May 4th protestors gather in Haymarket square in Chicago to peacefully protest for an 8 hour workday/a police killing from previous day
Protester threw a bomb that killed a policeman; gunfire followed
8 conspirators charged with inciting a riot; imprisoned and hanged
Americans became wary of labor unions
Knights of Labor were blamed and membership fizzled out

10. Homestead Strike June 1892. Homestead, PA
Carnegie Steel plant cut wages
Pinkertons and strikers engage in standoff for weeks
Killed 9 strikers & wounded many others; Strike disbanded
Showed difficulty in successful unionizing

11. Pullman Strike of 1894
Pullman cut wages several times, but never reduced rents or price of goods in company town in Illinois
Workers turned to the American Railway Union for help
ARU called for a nationwide strike
Strikers were able to disrupt railroad traffic and mail delivery
Violence erupted; President Cleveland ordered troops to stop the strike
Debs arrested, Pullman Company sold off, Labor Day enacted

12. ACtivity
Using your laptop/phone, analyze the gallery of photos, documents, music at: l
Record your responses for 2 images/documents on each category
Observe: Example: What do you notice? Did you expect this?
Reflect: Example: Where do you think this came from? • Why do you think somebody made this? • What can you learn from examining this?
(Honors) Question: Ask a question that would lead to more observations and reflections (Example: What do you wonder about... who? • what? • when? • where?)