1. Introduction and Overview
Mayhem in the Markets?
Caring about Sharing in the 21st Century City
Introduction and Overview
Clarence Woudsma
School of Planning, University of Waterloo
Pragma Council, Fall 2017

2. Sharing (v)
“ to partake of, use, experience, occupy or enjoy with others ( Merriam-Webster) “
Photograph by Getty Images/Flickr Open
Photo: I. Petterson/Azote – Stockholm Resilience

3. Economy
“The system of activity connected with the production, trade, and consumption of goods and services of a region, country, or other (not necessarily geographic) area”
( Oxford Dictionary of Economics 2009)
..resources

4. “The Sharing Economy”
collaborative consumption where people offer and share underutilized resources in creative, new ways (Cohen and Kietzmann 2014)
an activity facilitated by digital platforms where people rent their skills (such as, driving or computer skills) and make their resources available (such as properties or cars) for money (Statistics Canada, 2016)

5. “The Sharing Economy”
The sharing economy can be defined as the preference to pay for assets or services by consumption or on-demand, rather than owning assets permanently or signing long-term contracts for services.(Deloitte, 2016)
The term “sharing” persists despite criticisms
A new approach to markets, business models and competition

6. The rise of the Sharing Economy
Internet and smartphones facilitate sharing at scale
Pressure from 2008 recession – frugality (extra income – “Rover” and “Wag” ?)
Sustainability consciousness (car-bike-share)
Deficiencies in existing systems and markets (resource inefficiency)
Disruption ….
"Planning" means the scientific, aesthetic, and orderly disposition of land, resources, facilities and services with a view to securing the physical, economic and social efficiency, health and well-being of urban and rural communities.

7. Markets And Perfect Competition
Market – any context in which the sale and purchase of goods and services takes place
Perfect competition (seldom realized)
Large numbers of buyer and sellers – no one influences price
Homogenous product produced the same way
Perfect information – price, availability, location, future prices
free entry into market
Make normal profits
Market failures, externalities, public goods, monopoly, destructive competition

8. Markets are MESSY! private public non-profit scales regulations policy Profit Societal goals equity infrastructure

9. State of the Sharing Economy
Sharing business models have emerged in key sectors of the economy, including
goods - Rent the Runway
professional services -Elance,
Transportation - Lyft,
Space- Airbnb
money -Kickstarter

10. State of the Sharing Economy
Sharing business models have emerged in key sectors of the economy, including
goods - Rent the Runway
professional services -Elance,
Transportation - Lyft,
Space- Airbnb
money -Kickstarter

11. State of the Sharing Economy
Sharing business models have emerged in key sectors of the economy, including
goods - Rent the Runway
professional services -Elance,
Transportation - Lyft,
Space- Airbnb
money -Kickstarter

12. The City…why it matters
Significant impacts on core municipal spheres of mobility and housing
Tax base, public safety, liability
“sharing economy initiatives are being shaped by zoning codes, hotel and taxi licensing regulations, transit and all manner of distinctly local policy ( City of Guelph,2017)
Range of new business models
Source:

13. The City…why it matters
Opportunies
Better services and
cost savings
Improve sustainability
jobs
Challenges
Precarious employment
Reduce consumer protection
Uneven services
Lack of independent data
( City of Guelph,2017)
Source:

14. Broad questions What are the impacts of sharing economy activity?
What is the right policy response?
How is the platform economy sustainable?
How are our cities changing and likely to change?
How do we plan long term?
Pop goes the weasel. (Antony Wegener/Pixabay CC0 Public Domain)

15. Closing thoughts
“In the coming years, every aspect of commerce based on the assumption of wholly owned fleets of human-driven, fossil-fuel-powered vehicles will likely be challenged” (Deloitte,2016)
“In the context of shared mobility business models, what is the optimal relationship between the service provider and the local government to achieve the common objective of sustainable mobility?” (Cohen and Kietzmann 2014, p 243)

16. THANK YOU….