1. Motivation Presentation

2. Maslow
Maslow drew up what he called a hierarchy of needs, with basic needs at the bottom and higher needs at the top.
Maslow claimed that people must satisfy their lower needs before moving on to a higher level.

3. Maslow

4. Herzberg
Herzberg developed the idea of job satisfaction. This is the pleasure that people get from their work.
To gain job satisfaction, Herzberg thought four factors need to be present:

5. Herzberg
1. Recognition - having good or hard work recognised, especially by managers.
2. Achievement - the personal feeling gained from knowing that a job has been done well.

6. Herzberg
3. Promotion - this comes from recognition and achievement which lead to a more senior job.
4. Responsibility - this comes from promotion, and increases a person’s sense of recognition. It results in a greater sense of achievement.

7. Herzberg
Herzberg also noted that there were hygiene factors that are essential for a happy workforce. These are include good pay and working conditions, as shown by a clean and safe workplace, the control of noise and fumes and good rest breaks.
If these factors are missing morale and motivation are lower and can lead to unhappy workers and a fall in output

8. McGregor Theory X Workers cannot be trusted.
They work only for the money.
They do as little as possible.
They cannot be relied on.
They have to be told what to do.
They must be supervised closely
They avoid responsibility.

9. McGregor Theory Y Workers enjoy their work
They work hard and expect to be reasonably paid.
They are honest trustworthy
They are able to organise themselves
They can take initiatives.
They enjoy responsibility.
They are willing to take decisions.
They can work without supervision.
Money is not their only motivation.

10. McGregor
Firms that believe theory X have many rules and regulations. There may be few chances of promotion and workers are not valued.
Firms that believe in theory Y encourage their workers. They want to see them grow and give them opportunities for further training and experience. They allow them to use their initiative to gain promotion.