1. World War II (1930–1945)
Lesson 4 The Allies Turn the Tide

2. Lesson 4 The Allies Turn the Tide
World War II (1930–1945)
Lesson 4 The Allies Turn the Tide
Learning Objectives
Understand how nations committed all of their resources to fighting World War II.
Explain how the Allies began to push back the Axis powers in Europe and the Pacific.
Describe the Normandy landings and the Allied advance toward Germany.

3. Lesson 4 The Allies Turn the Tide
World War II (1930–1945)
Lesson 4 The Allies Turn the Tide
Key Terms
internment,
“Rosie the Riveter”
aircraft carriers,
Franklin Delano Roosevelt,
Winston Churchill,
Joseph Stalin
Dwight Eisenhower
Stalingrad.
D-Day
Yalta Conference

4. A Commitment to Total War
As 1942 began, the Allies were in trouble. German bombers flew unrelenting raids over Britain, and the German army advanced deep into the Soviet Union. In the Pacific, the Japanese onslaught seemed unstoppable. But helped by extraordinary efforts on the home front and a series of military victories, the tide was about to turn.

5. A Commitment to Total War
Governments Redirect Resources
Divert all resources to war production
War bonds
Rationing
Limits on Individual Rights
Interment
Women Help Win the War
Rosie the Riveter
Served in auxiliary roles
Fought in resistance
Marie Fourcade
Lily Litvak

6. A Commitment to Total War
The Allies’ commitment to all-out war meant a shift in manufacturing from commercial to military goods and equipment. Producing for the war effort also helped keep Americans employed. Analyze Charts What generalization can you make about GDP and war production based on the data in the chart?

7. A Commitment to Total War
Fears arose that Japanese Americans might be sympathetic to Japan. As a result, Japanese Americans on the West Coast were placed in internment camps, even if they were American citizens.

8. Progress on Three Fronts
During 1942 and 1943, the Allies won several victories that would turn the tide of battle. They fought on three main fronts— in North Africa and Italy, in the Soviet Union, and in the Pacific.

9. Progress on Three Fronts
Japan Suffers Setbacks
Battle of Coral Sea- May 1942
Aircraft carrier battle
Sank a Japanese carrier and halted expansion
Battle of Midway
Epic battle were Americans destroyed 4 Japanese Carriers
Couldn’t launch offensive operations after this
“Big Three” Strategize
FDR, Stalin, Churchill
Meeting in 1942-
Tehran Conference 1943-
Victory in North Africa
Battle of El Alamein
British Montgomery defeats Rommel and Germans
Eisenhower leads invasion in Morocco and Algeria
German army surrenders May 1943

10. Allied Invasion of Italy
Soft under belly of Europe
Took Sicily July 1943
Invaded Italy and Mussolini govt folded
German troops rescue Mussolini and continue fighting in Northern Italy
Slow advance over next 18 mounts
Needed new way into Europe
Turning Point in Stalingrad
Stalingrad- costliest battle of war
German army struggles to take city
Surrounded by Soviet counter-offensive
90,000+ Germans surrender

11. Progress on Three Fronts
Aircraft carriers brought Allied aircraft within range of the enemy. The battleships could go dark, and the planes could fly without lights, allowing them to advance undetected at night.

12. Progress on Three Fronts
The Allies had tremendous challenges to overcome in order to regain control of western Europe and Africa from the Axis. Analyze Maps By what two routes did the Allies meet in Tunisia? What do you think was their reason for meeting at this location?

13. A Second Front in Europe
By 1944, the Western Allies were at last ready to open a second front in Europe by invading France. General Dwight Eisenhower was made the supreme Allied commander. He and other Allied leaders faced the enormous task of planning the operation and assembling troops and supplies.

14. A Second Front in Europe
The Normandy Landings
Operation Overlord
D-Day
June 6th, 1944
156,000 Allied troops land at Normandy
5 beaches- Juno, Omaha, Sword, Utah, Gold
Established beach heads to liberate France
The Liberation of France
August 25th- Allies liberate France
Advancing Toward Germany
Operation Market garden-
Battle of the Bulge-
Allies bombing all German cities
Hamburg
Dresden
Russians advancing on Eastern Front
The Yalta Conference
Feb Postwar plans
Stalin’s promise
Occupation zones
Stalin’s second promise

15. A Second Front in Europe
The giant B-24 Liberator was used in the European, North African, and Pacific theaters. The bomber could travel great distances and held thousands of pounds of bombs.

16. A Second Front in Europe
The Allies launched a massive invasion on the fortified beaches of Normandy, France. By the end of D-Day, they had a foothold in Nazi-occupied France and had taken a major step toward its liberation.

17. A Second Front in Europe
After the Allies had encircled Germany, they continued to bomb German industrial and military centers. German defenses were eliminated, and the European war came to an end. Analyze Maps From which direction did the Allies come when they launched the D-Day invasion?

18. Quiz: A Commitment to Total War
What was the primary purpose for the shift in manufacturing from goods to military resources?
A. to create jobs for the unemployed
B. to provide income for the families of soldiers
C. to ensure that production was sufficient to fight the war
D. to create work for soldiers who were not on the front lines

19. Quiz: Progress on Three Fronts
What was the impact of the Battles of Coral Sea and Midway?
A. These Japanese defeats meant that Japan was no longer able to mount offensives in the Pacific.
B. These Japanese victories meant that Japan gained control of the war in the Pacific.
C. These Russian victories meant that German forces would be turned back at Stalingrad.
D. These American victories meant that the path was clear for invading Italy and overthrowing Mussolini.

20. Quiz: A Second Front in Europe
As the western front of the war progressed and France was liberated, what was the result of the Big Three Allied leaders’ meeting at Yalta?
A. They decided the Soviet Union should enter the war against Japan.
B. They decided to invade Sicily and Italy.
C. They decided to capture Rommel.
D. They decided that the Soviets should declare war on Germany.