1. RESPIRATION THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM GAS EXCHANGE WITHIN THE LUNGS
The Respiratory System - YouTube

2. RESPIRATION CO2 Carbon Dioxide: gas we breath out- exhale
O2 Dioxygen: (Oxygen) gas we breath in- inhale
CO2 Carbon Dioxide: gas we breath out- exhale
IN (Nutrients + Oxygen) OUT (Energy + Carbon Dioxide + water)
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
- RESPIRATORY TRACT - LUNGS
- NASAL PASAGES - BRONCHIOLES
- PHARYNX / LARYNX - AIR SACS (ALVEOLI)
- TRACHEA
- BRONCHI (that branch out into BRONCHIOLES)

3. RESPIRATION
GOAL: extract oxygen from the air and expel carbon dioxide and other gases.
PROCESS: inhale to fill up lungs. Lung volume increases, pressure decreases. Fluids (gas) always flow from high pressure to low pressure (Ch.3) and they are expelled.
MECHANICS: intercostal muscles and diaphragm contract = lung volume increases with oxygen rich air. These muscles relax = lung volume decreases exhaling carbon dioxide
Respiration-Ventilation 3D Medical Animation - YouTube

4. RESPIRATORY SYSTEM STRUCTURE DESCRIPTION FUNCTION NASAL PASSAGES
Passages that open to the outside through the nostrils (nose)
Filter air
Warm and moisten air
PHARYNX
Section that serves as a common passageway between respiratory and digestive tracts
Carries air towards trachea and food towards esophagus
LARYNX
Upper section of the trachea composed of cartilage and houses the vocal chords
Carries air
Produces sound
TRACHEA
11cm in length and holds open to allow air into the bronchi
Filters and purifies air
Warms and moistens with mucus
BRONCHI
Tubes arising from the division of the trachea branches off once inside the lungs
Carries air into the lungs
LUNGS
Spongy, elastic organs on each side of the heart, enclosed in the rib cage and composed of million of air sacs (called alveoli)
Ensures gas exchange between body and external world

5. EXCHANGE OF GASES INHALATION EXHALATION
Intercostal muscles and diaphragm contract
Ribs rise and diaphragm descends, which increases the size of the rib cage
Lung volume increases
Air pressure inside the lung decreases. It becomes lower than the outside air pressure
Oxygen-rich air from the outside flows into lungs until the pressure inside and outside the lungs is equal
- Intercostal muscles and diaphragm relax
Ribs descend and diaphragm rises, which decreases the size of the rib cage
Lung volume decreases
Air pressure inside the lung increases. It becomes greater than the outside air pressure
Carbon dioxide-rich air inside the lungs flows outside until the pressure inside and outside the lungs is equal
ALVEOLI TO CAPILLARY BLOOD VESSELS (DIFFUSION)
CAPILLARY BLOOD TO ALVEOLI (DIFFUSION)