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HTTP Protocol
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HTTP Methods Name Description GET
The GET method is used to retrieve information from the given server using a given URI. Requests using GET should only retrieve data and should have no other effect on the data. HEAD Same as GET, but it transfers the status line and the header section only. POST A POST request is used to send data to the server, for example, customer information, file upload, etc. using HTML forms. PUT Replaces all the current representations of the target resource with the uploaded content. DELETE Removes all the current representations of the target resource given by URI. CONNECT Establishes a tunnel to the server identified by a given URI. OPTIONS Describe the communication options for the target resource. TRACE Performs a message loop back test along with the path to the target resource.
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HTTP Status-Codes Code Description 1xx Informational
It means the request was received and the process is continuing 2xx Success It means the action was successfully received, understood, and accepted 3xx Redirection It means further action must be taken in order to complete the request 4xx Client Error It means the request contains incorrect syntax or cannot be fulfilled 5xx Server Error It means the server failed to fulfill an apparently valid request
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Protocol Structure in Google Chrome
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HTTP Request Example (GET Method)
GET HTTP/1.1 Accept: */* Referer: User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1) Host: tpu.ru Connection: close (empty line) GET /img/tom.gif HTTP/1.1
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HTTP Request Example (POST Method)
POST /cgi-bin/process.cgi HTTP/1.1 User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE5.01; Windows NT) Host: aics.ru Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded Content-Length: length Accept-Language: en-us Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate Connection: Keep-Alive licenseID=string&content=string&/paramsXML=string
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HTTP Response Example HTTP/ OK Date: Mon, 27 Jul :28:53 GMT Server: Apache/ (Win32) Last-Modified: Wed, 22 Jul :15:56 GMT Content-Length: 88 Content-Type: text/html Connection: Closed <html> <body> <h1>Hello, World!</h1> </body> </html>
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SMTP Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
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SMTP Commands Command name Description HELO Introduce yourself
MAIL FROM: Specify the sender RCPT TO: Specify the recipient DATA Specify the body of the message (To, From and Subject should be the first three lines) RSET Reset QUIT Quit the session HELP Get help command VRFY Verify an address
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