1. Well-Being Psychology
By: Cicilia Evi GradDiplSc., M. Psi

2. By: Cicilia Evi GradDiplSc., M. Psi
Positive Psychology
Positive psychology  the study of features that enrich life, such as happiness, hope, creativity, courage, spirituality, and responsibility (Seligman & Csikszentmihalyi, 2000)
The measurements rely on self-reports  subjective well-being
By: Cicilia Evi GradDiplSc., M. Psi

3. Answer these questions …
How would you rate your happiness on a scale where 0 means extremely unhappy and 10 means extremely happy?
What would make you happier than you are now?
What makes you happy?
By: Cicilia Evi GradDiplSc., M. Psi

4. By: Cicilia Evi GradDiplSc., M. Psi
Influencing Factors
Happiness is generally greatest in countries that respect individual rights and accord women economic and political opportunities similar to men’s (Basabe et al., 2002)
#2 - Money, good job, more time to relax, boyfriend/girlfriend (or a better one)
#3 - Relationships with others, exercise, music, sense of accomplishment, religious faith, and enjoyment of nature
By: Cicilia Evi GradDiplSc., M. Psi

5. By: Cicilia Evi GradDiplSc., M. Psi
Mapping Well-Being
Well-being is situated in individuals, organizations and communities
Basic premise: individual well-being cannot be fostered in isolation from the organizations that affect our lives and the community where we live (Prilleltensky & Prilleltensky, 2006)
So, to promote and understand one, must promote and understand all!
By: Cicilia Evi GradDiplSc., M. Psi

6. By: Cicilia Evi GradDiplSc., M. Psi
Five Ss
Site  location of well-being
Sign  expression of well-being
Source  determinants of well-being
Strategy  ways to enhance well-being
Synergy  confluence of sites, signs, sources and strategies
By: Cicilia Evi GradDiplSc., M. Psi

7. By: Cicilia Evi GradDiplSc., M. Psi
Sites of Well-Being
Individuals, organizations, communities  distinguishable, but highly interdependent
Communities  embody characteristics of well-being, such as: affordable housing, clean air, accessible transportation and high-quality health care and education  all take place in physical space of communities
By: Cicilia Evi GradDiplSc., M. Psi

8. By: Cicilia Evi GradDiplSc., M. Psi
Sites of Well-Being (2)
Organizations  where exchanges of materials (money, physical help) and psychological (affection, caring, nurturance) resources and goods occur
Exchanges of affirmation and appreciation – in both informal and formal organizations – are a vital part of participation in organizations
By: Cicilia Evi GradDiplSc., M. Psi

9. By: Cicilia Evi GradDiplSc., M. Psi
Sites of Well-Being (3)
Persons  where feelings, cognitions, and phenomenological experiences of well-being resides
Interpersonal wellness  sign of personal, organizational or community well-being  WHY?
And why we have to honor the uniqueness of each site and their interdependency?
By: Cicilia Evi GradDiplSc., M. Psi

10. By: Cicilia Evi GradDiplSc., M. Psi
Signs of Well-Being
At level of personal well-being  identified by surveys, interviews, observations, and comparative analyses (Snyder & Lopez, 2002)
Signs  self-determination and sense of control, self-efficacy, physical and mental health, optimism, meaning and spirituality
By: Cicilia Evi GradDiplSc., M. Psi

11. By: Cicilia Evi GradDiplSc., M. Psi
Signs of Well-Being (2)
Signs of organizational well-being  respect for diversity, democratic participation, collaborative relationship, clarity of roles, and learning opportunities
By: Cicilia Evi GradDiplSc., M. Psi

12. By: Cicilia Evi GradDiplSc., M. Psi
Signs of Well-Being (3)
Expressions of collective well-being  a fair and equitable allocation of bargaining powers, resources, and obligations in society; gender, ability and race equality; universal access to high quality educational, health and recreational facilities; affordable housing; employment opportunities; access to nutritious food at reasonable prices; safety; public transport; clean environment; and peace (in Prilleltensky & Prilleltensky, 2006)
By: Cicilia Evi GradDiplSc., M. Psi

13. By: Cicilia Evi GradDiplSc., M. Psi
Sources of Well-Being
Each site and the corresponding signs has particular sources or groups of determinants
Personal wellness  based on number of sources a sense of control over our lives, a sense of mastery and a measure of stability; need to be nurtured, cared for and appreciated
Sir Michael Marmot  workers who experienced control over their jobs  2-4 times higher rate of die (managers, professionals, clericals, others)
By: Cicilia Evi GradDiplSc., M. Psi

14. Strategies for Well-Being
Through psychological means alone  cognitive reframing, positive thinking, information sharing and skill building  NOT ENOUGH
Also need environmental change  as promoters of well-being (ex: support group), not just in time of crisis
Combine these two for promising changes
By: Cicilia Evi GradDiplSc., M. Psi

15. By: Cicilia Evi GradDiplSc., M. Psi
The Synergy
Look at the context!
Social capital  connections among individuals – social networks and the norms of reciprocity and trustworthiness  to increase personal wellness, decrease level of crime
Economic equality  the smaller the gap between rich and poor, the longer people live
By: Cicilia Evi GradDiplSc., M. Psi