1. Creating the User Experience
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2. What Is the User Interface?

3. The UI knows all about any supported input and output hardware
The UI knows all about any supported input and output hardware. It translates
the player’s input—the button-presses (or other actions) in the real world—
into actions in the game world
Introduction

4. Player-Centric Interface Design

5. About Innovation in Interface Design
Although innovation is a good thing in almost all aspects of game design—theme,
game worlds, storytelling, art, sound, and of course gameplay—do not innovate
unnecessarily when designing a new interface.
About Innovation in Interface Design

6. Some General Principles
Be Consistent
Give good feedback
Remember that the player is the one in control
Limit the number of steps required to take an action
Permit easy reversal of actions
Minimize physical stress
Don’t strain the player’s short-term memory
Group related screen-based controls and feedback mechanisms on the screen
Provide shortcuts
Some General Principles

7. What the Player Needs to know
Where I Am?
What am I actually doing right now?
What challenges am I facing?
Did my action succeed or fail?
Do I have what I need to play successfully
Am I in danger of losing the game?
Am I making progress?
What should I do next?
How did I do?
What the Player Needs to know

8. What the Player Wants to do
Save the game
Move
Give Orders
Look Around
Conduct Conversations
Interact Physically in game
Customize Things
Pick Up objects
Talk to other friends
Manipulate Objects
Pause
Construct and demolish objects
Set game options
Conduct Negotiations, etc
End the game
What the Player Wants to do

9. The Design Process

10. Define the Gameplay Modes First
A gameplay mode consists of a camera model, an interaction model, and the gameplay
(challenges and actions) available
Define the Gameplay Modes First

11. Choosing a Screen Layout
The main view of the game world should be the largest visual element on the
screen, and you must decide whether it will occupy a subset of the screen—a window—
or whether it will occupy the entire screen and be partially obscured by
overlays.
Choosing a Screen Layout

12. Shell menus allow the player to start, configure, and otherwise manage the operation
of the game before and after play.
Shell Menus

13. Managing Complexity

14. This option should be your first resort
This option should be your first resort. If your game is too complex, make it simpler.
You may do this in two ways: with abstraction and automation
Simplify the Game

15. Depth versus Breadth

16. Interaction Models

17. Player love unexpected stuff and varieties.
Interaction Models

18. Camera Models

19. First and Third person Perspective

20. Aerial Perspectives

21. Other 2D Display Options
■ Single-screen. The display shows the entire world on one screen, normally from
a top-down perspective with cheated objects. The camera never moves. Robotron:
2084 provides a classic example.
■ Side-scrolling. The world of a side-scroller—familiar from an entire generation
of games—consists of a long 2D strip in which the avatar moves forward and backward,
with a limited ability to move up and down. The player sees the game world
from the side as the camera tracks the avatar.
■ Top-scrolling. In this variant of the top-down perspective, the landscape scrolls
beneath the avatar (often a flying vehicle), sometimes at a fixed rate that the player
cannot change. This forces the player to continually face new challenges as they
appear at the top of the screen.
■ Painted backgrounds. Many graphical adventure games display the game world
in a series of 2D painted backgrounds rather like a stage set.
Other 2D Display Options