BUILDING VOCABULARY SKILLS

BUILDING VOCABULARY SKILLS
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BUILDING VOCABULARY SKILLS
Fourth Edition Sherrie L. Nist Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.
Unit Five Chapter 28 controversy dominant deduction sequence dimensions sophisticated See page 156 in textbook. disperse treacherous trivial distort Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

Unit Five/ Chapter 28 Ten Words in Context 1 controversy – noun There was no longer any controversy—everyone agreed that the all-male dining club should now accept female members. Our class is studying the controversy over whether or not the death penalty should exist. Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. A baseball controversy Keith Allison via Wikimedia Commons Controversy means A. an agreement. B. an argument. C. an order. See page 156 in textbook. ANSWER: B The next slide shows and explains the answer. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

Unit Five/ Chapter 28 Ten Words in Context 1 controversy – noun There was no longer any controversy—everyone agreed that the all-male dining club should now accept female members. Our class is studying the controversy over whether or not the death penalty should exist. A baseball controversy Keith Allison via Wikimedia Commons Controversy means A. an agreement. B. an argument. C. an order. See page 156 in textbook. If everyone agreed, there would not be any argument. There is an argument over whether or not the death penalty should exist. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

Unit Five/ Chapter 28 Ten Words in Context 2 deduction – noun When the dog barked, I figured he had to go out again. But my deduction was incorrect—he was barking at a raccoon in our trash can. The great fictional detective Sherlock Holmes was a master at making deductions, reasoning out solutions to puzzling crimes. Deduction means A. a mistake. B. a conclusion. C. a question. Evidence: Pawprints in snow Deduction: A dog walked here recently MrGreenBean via Wikimedia Commons See page 156 in textbook. ANSWER: B The next slide shows and explains the answer. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

Unit Five/ Chapter 28 Ten Words in Context 2 deduction – noun When the dog barked, I figured he had to go out again. But my deduction was incorrect—he was barking at a raccoon in our trash can. The great fictional detective Sherlock Holmes was a master at making deductions, reasoning out solutions to puzzling crimes. Deduction means A. a mistake. B. a conclusion. C. a question. Evidence: Pawprints in snow Deduction: A dog walked here recently MrGreenBean via Wikimedia Commons See page 156 in textbook. The conclusion that the dog had to go out again was incorrect. The word figured is a clue. If Sherlock Holmes reasoned out solutions, he came to conclusions. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

Unit Five/ Chapter 28 Ten Words in Context 3 dimensions – noun The pool’s dimensions were odd—its length and width were huge, yet it wasn’t very deep. Let’s write down the dimensions of the kitchen walls so we can buy the right amount of wallpaper. Dimensions means A. measurements. B. colors. C. wallpaper. A picture showing the dimensions of the table © Townsend Press See page 156 in textbook. ANSWER: A The next slide shows and explains the answer. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

Unit Five/ Chapter 28 Ten Words in Context 3 dimensions – noun The pool’s dimensions were odd—its length and width were huge, yet it wasn’t very deep. Let’s write down the dimensions of the kitchen walls so we can buy the right amount of wallpaper. Dimensions means A. measurements. B. colors. C. wallpaper. A picture showing the dimensions of the table © Townsend Press See page 156 in textbook. The pool’s measurements were odd. The words length and width are clues. In order to buy the right amount of wallpaper, it would make sense to write down the measurements of the kitchen. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

Unit Five/ Chapter 28 Ten Words in Context 4 disperse – verb The basketball landed in the midst of some pigeons, causing them to disperse in all directions. The police made the large crowd disperse because people are easier to manage in small groups. Disperse means A. to stay. B. to call out. C. to scatter. These dandelion seeds will soon disperse into the air. © Alexander Yakovlev | Dreamstime.com See page 156 in textbook. ANSWER: C The next slide shows and explains the answer. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

Unit Five/ Chapter 28 Ten Words in Context 4 disperse – verb The basketball landed in the midst of some pigeons, causing them to disperse in all directions. The police made the large crowd disperse because people are easier to manage in small groups. Disperse means A. to stay. B. to call out. C. to scatter. These dandelion seeds will soon disperse into the air. © Alexander Yakovlev | Dreamstime.com See page 156 in textbook. A basketball landing in the midst of pigeons would make them scatter in all directions. If people are easier to manage in small groups, the police would make the large crowd scatter. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

Unit Five/ Chapter 28 Ten Words in Context 5 distort – verb To sell more papers, some newspapers distort the news by reporting rumors as if they were true. Don’t believe everything you hear—people often distort facts when they gossip. Distort means A. to tell accurately. B. to blame. C. to twist. A distorted picture of George Washington via Wikimedia Commons U.S. Government See page 156 in textbook. ANSWER: C The next slide shows and explains the answer. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

Unit Five/ Chapter 28 Ten Words in Context 5 distort – verb To sell more papers, some newspapers distort the news by reporting rumors as if they were true. Don’t believe everything you hear—people often distort facts when they gossip. Distort means A. to tell accurately. B. to blame. C. to twist. A distorted picture of George Washington via Wikimedia Commons U.S. Government See page 156 in textbook. To report rumors as if they are true is to twist the news. If you shouldn’t believe everything you hear, it must be because people twist facts when they gossip. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

Unit Five/ Chapter 28 Ten Words in Context 6 dominant – adjective The dominant baboons of a troop are the biggest, most aggressive males. Fearful of these males, the other baboons yield to them. Mr. Rodriguez may be quiet, but he’s the dominant person in this office. No one questions his authority. Dominant means A. most helpful. B. youngest. C. most powerful. The dominant bird in this struggle will become the leader of the entire flock. Des Colhoun via Wikimedia Commons See page 156 in textbook. ANSWER: C The next slide shows and explains the answer. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

Unit Five/ Chapter 28 Ten Words in Context 6 dominant – adjective The dominant baboons of a troop are the biggest, most aggressive males. Fearful of these males, the other baboons yield to them. Mr. Rodriguez may be quiet, but he’s the dominant person in this office. No one questions his authority. Dominant means A. most helpful. B. youngest. C. most powerful. The dominant bird in this struggle will become the leader of the entire flock. Des Colhoun via Wikimedia Commons See page 156 in textbook. If the other baboons yield to the biggest, most aggressive males, those males are the most powerful in the troop. If no one questions the authority of Mr. Rodriguez, he must be the most powerful person in the office. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

Unit Five/ Chapter 28 Ten Words in Context 7 sequence – noun The code’s sequence was essential: 342 would turn off the alarm, but 432 or 234 would not. The lawyer established the sequence of events: The robber first climbed onto the roof and then entered the house through the attic. Then he went to the bedroom and stole the jewelry. Sequence means A. an order. B. a purpose. C. a value. Pictures showing the sequence of the phases of the moon over one month Tomruen at English Wikipedia via Wikimedia Commons See page 157 in textbook. ANSWER: A The next slide shows and explains the answer. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

Unit Five/ Chapter 28 Ten Words in Context 7 sequence – noun The code’s sequence was essential: 342 would turn off the alarm, but 432 or 234 would not. The lawyer established the sequence of events: The robber first climbed onto the roof and then entered the house through the attic. Then he went to the bedroom and stole the jewelry. Sequence means A. an order. B. a purpose. C. a value. Pictures showing the sequence of the phases of the moon over one month Tomruen at English Wikipedia via Wikimedia Commons See page 157 in textbook. The order of the numbers is as important as the numbers themselves to turn off the alarm. A lawyer would establish the order of the events. The words first and then suggest that sequence means “an order.” Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

Unit Five/ Chapter 28 Ten Words in Context 8 sophisticated – adjective Having already worked for four years, sixteen-year-old Eddie is more sophisticated about the world of work than any of his friends. Don’t let the professor’s simple clothes and manner fool you. When it comes to teaching and science, he’s very sophisticated. A sophisticated reader Lovis Corinth (1858–1925) via Wikimedia Commons Sophisticated means A. honest. B. lacking in confidence. C. well-informed. A less sophisticated reader Uno K Gillström via Wikimedia Commons See page 157 in textbook. ANSWER: C The next slide shows and explains the answer. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

Unit Five/ Chapter 28 Ten Words in Context 8 sophisticated – adjective Having already worked for four years, sixteen-year-old Eddie is more sophisticated about the world of work than any of his friends. Don’t let the professor’s simple clothes and manner fool you. When it comes to teaching and science, he’s very sophisticated. A sophisticated reader Lovis Corinth (1858–1925) via Wikimedia Commons Sophisticated means A. honest. B. lacking in confidence. C. well-informed. A less sophisticated reader Uno K Gillström via Wikimedia Commons See page 157 in textbook. Working for four years would make Eddie more well-informed than his friends who have not worked. In contrast with the professor’s simple clothes and manner, he is in fact very well-informed about teaching and science. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

Unit Five/ Chapter 28 Ten Words in Context 9 treacherous – adjective During the American Revolution, the treacherous American soldier Benedict Arnold tried to aid the British. I felt it was treacherous of my friend Juan to go out with my old girlfriend the day after she and I broke up. Treacherous means A. disloyal. B. surprising. C. influential. The man on the left is a treacherous “friend.” © Leonello Calvetti | Dreamstime.com See page 157 in textbook. ANSWER: A The next slide shows and explains the answer. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

Unit Five/ Chapter 28 Ten Words in Context 9 treacherous – adjective During the American Revolution, the treacherous American soldier Benedict Arnold tried to aid the British. I felt it was treacherous of my friend Juan to go out with my old girlfriend the day after she and I broke up. Treacherous means A. disloyal. B. surprising. C. influential. The man on the left is a treacherous “friend.” © Leonello Calvetti | Dreamstime.com See page 157 in textbook. A soldier who tried to aid the enemy would be considered disloyal. It would seem disloyal of a friend if he went out with your girlfriend right after she and you broke up. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

Unit Five/ Chapter 28 Ten Words in Context 10 trivial – adjective The vice-principal had a reputation for suspending students for trivial offenses, such as talking too loudly in the hallways. When I’m nervous, it helps me to concentrate on some trivial activity, such as washing dishes or watching a game show. Trivial means A. unusual. B. serious. C. unimportant. This damage is trivial. CarSpotter from New York via Wikimedia Commons See page 157 in textbook. ANSWER: C The next slide shows and explains the answer. This damage is NOT trivial. W. Robert Howell via Wikimedia Commons Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

Unit Five/ Chapter 28 Ten Words in Context 10 trivial – adjective The vice-principal had a reputation for suspending students for trivial offenses, such as talking too loudly in the hallways. When I’m nervous, it helps me to concentrate on some trivial activity, such as washing dishes or watching a game show. Trivial means A. unusual. B. serious. C. unimportant. This damage is trivial. CarSpotter from New York via Wikimedia Commons See page 157 in textbook. This damage is NOT trivial. W. Robert Howell via Wikimedia Commons Talking too loudly in the hallways is too unimportant an offense for suspension from school. Washing dishes and watching a game show are unimportant activities. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

Unit Five/ Chapter 28 Sentence Check 1 Complete the item with the correct word from the box. A. controversy B. deduction C. dimensions D. disperse E. distort F. dominant G. sequence H. sophisticated I. treacherous J. trivial 1. When I flipped on the kitchen light, roaches quickly _______(e)d in all directions. See page 158 in textbook. ANSWER: D The next slide shows and explains the answer. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

Unit Five/ Chapter 28 Sentence Check 1 A. controversy B. deduction C. dimensions D. disperse E. distort F. dominant G. sequence H. sophisticated I. treacherous J. trivial 1. When I flipped on the kitchen light, roaches quickly __________ in all directions. dispersed See page 158 in textbook. Turning on the light would make the roaches scatter in all directions. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

Unit Five/ Chapter 28 Sentence Check 1 A. controversy B. deduction C. dimensions D. disperse E. distort F. dominant G. sequence H. sophisticated I. treacherous J. trivial 2. Scientists observe facts and then make __________s based on those facts. See page 158 in textbook. ANSWER: B The next slide shows and explains the answer. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

Unit Five/ Chapter 28 Sentence Check 1 A. controversy B. deduction C. dimensions D. disperse E. distort F. dominant G. sequence H. sophisticated I. treacherous J. trivial 2. Scientists observe facts and then make ___________ based on those facts. deductions See page 158 in textbook. Scientists use facts to reach conclusions. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

Unit Five/ Chapter 28 Sentence Check 1 A. controversy B. deduction C. dimensions D. disperse E. distort F. dominant G. sequence H. sophisticated I. treacherous J. trivial 3. There’s a __________ in this country over global warming—is it actually happening? See page 158 in textbook. ANSWER: A The next slide shows and explains the answer. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

Unit Five/ Chapter 28 Sentence Check 1 A. controversy B. deduction C. dimensions D. disperse E. distort F. dominant G. sequence H. sophisticated I. treacherous J. trivial 3. There’s a __________ in this country over global warming—is it actually happening? controversy See page 158 in textbook. Whether or not global warming is actually happening is a debate in this country. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

Unit Five/ Chapter 28 Sentence Check 1 A. controversy B. deduction C. dimensions D. disperse E. distort F. dominant G. sequence H. sophisticated I. treacherous J. trivial 4. Flora was the __________ person in the business. Her partner, Inez, wasn’t the type to take charge of things. See page 158 in textbook. ANSWER: F The next slide shows and explains the answer. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

Unit Five/ Chapter 28 Sentence Check 1 A. controversy B. deduction C. dimensions D. disperse E. distort F. dominant G. sequence H. sophisticated I. treacherous J. trivial 4. Flora was the __________ person in the business. Her partner, Inez, wasn’t the type to take charge of things. dominant See page 158 in textbook. If Inez wasn’t the type to take charge, Flora must have been the person having the most influence in the business. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

Unit Five/ Chapter 28 Sentence Check 1 A. controversy B. deduction C. dimensions D. disperse E. distort F. dominant G. sequence H. sophisticated I. treacherous J. trivial 5. With each retelling of the story, Wes _______(e)d the facts even more. Before long, the fish had become a giant tuna, and the battle had lasted for hours. See page 158 in textbook. ANSWER: E The next slide shows and explains the answer. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

Unit Five/ Chapter 28 Sentence Check 1 A. controversy B. deduction C. dimensions D. disperse E. distort F. dominant G. sequence H. sophisticated I. treacherous J. trivial 5. With each retelling of the story, Wes __________ the facts even more. Before long, the fish had become a giant tuna, and the battle had lasted for hours. distorted See page 158 in textbook. If the fish became a giant tuna and the battle lasted for hours, Wes must have misrepresented the facts more and more. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

Unit Five/ Chapter 28 Sentence Check 1 A. controversy B. deduction C. dimensions D. disperse E. distort F. dominant G. sequence H. sophisticated I. treacherous J. trivial 6. Children often argue about things that seem __________ to adults, such as who gets to sit in the front seat of the car and whose turn it is to feed the cats. See page 158 in textbook. ANSWER: J The next slide shows and explains the answer. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

Unit Five/ Chapter 28 Sentence Check 1 A. controversy B. deduction C. dimensions D. disperse E. distort F. dominant G. sequence H. sophisticated I. treacherous J. trivial 6. Children often argue about things that seem __________ to adults, such as who gets to sit in the front seat of the car and whose turn it is to feed the cats. trivial See page 158 in textbook. Whose turn it is to feed the cats seems an unimportant thing to adults. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

Unit Five/ Chapter 28 Sentence Check 1 A. controversy B. deduction C. dimensions D. disperse E. distort F. dominant G. sequence H. sophisticated I. treacherous J. trivial 7. In Tokyo, space is so limited that most apartments and homes are very small. The __________ of some bedrooms are barely larger than a closet’s. See page 158 in textbook. ANSWER: C The next slide shows and explains the answer. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

Unit Five/ Chapter 28 Sentence Check 1 A. controversy B. deduction C. dimensions D. disperse E. distort F. dominant G. sequence H. sophisticated I. treacherous J. trivial 7. In Tokyo, space is so limited that most apartments and homes are very small. The __________ of some bedrooms are barely larger than a closet’s. dimensions See page 158 in textbook. If the homes are very small, the measurements of the bedrooms would be barely larger than a closet’s. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

Unit Five/ Chapter 28 Sentence Check 1 A. controversy B. deduction C. dimensions D. disperse E. distort F. dominant G. sequence H. sophisticated I. treacherous J. trivial 8. After my family moved and I joined the baseball team at a new school, I felt __________ when I had to pitch against the team from my old school. See page 158 in textbook. ANSWER: I The next slide shows and explains the answer. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

Unit Five/ Chapter 28 Sentence Check 1 A. controversy B. deduction C. dimensions D. disperse E. distort F. dominant G. sequence H. sophisticated I. treacherous J. trivial 8. After my family moved and I joined the baseball team at a new school, I felt __________ when I had to pitch against the team from my old school. treacherous See page 158 in textbook. Pitching against one’s old team would make a person feel disloyal. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

Unit Five/ Chapter 28 Sentence Check 1 A. controversy B. deduction C. dimensions D. disperse E. distort F. dominant G. sequence H. sophisticated I. treacherous J. trivial 9. If Art were a more ___________ dresser, he might be promoted. But if he continues to wear jeans and dirty running shoes to work, he’ll be in the mailroom forever. See page 158 in textbook. ANSWER: H The next slide shows and explains the answer. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

Unit Five/ Chapter 28 Sentence Check 1 A. controversy B. deduction C. dimensions D. disperse E. distort F. dominant G. sequence H. sophisticated I. treacherous J. trivial 9. If Art were a more ___________ dresser, he might be promoted. But if he continues to wear jeans and dirty running shoes to work, he’ll be in the mailroom forever. sophisticated See page 158 in textbook. Wearing jeans suggests Art is not wise about the ways of the business world. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

Unit Five/ Chapter 28 Sentence Check 1 A. controversy B. deduction C. dimensions D. disperse E. distort F. dominant G. sequence H. sophisticated I. treacherous J. trivial 10. The __________ of moves for a basketball layup is simple: first leap toward the hoop, and then release the ball with one hand so that it gently hits the backboard and drops into the net. See page 158 in textbook. ANSWER: G The next slide shows and explains the answer. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

Unit Five/ Chapter 28 Sentence Check 1 A. controversy B. deduction C. dimensions D. disperse E. distort F. dominant G. sequence H. sophisticated I. treacherous J. trivial 10. The __________ of moves for a basketball layup is simple: first leap toward the hoop, and then release the ball with one hand so that it gently hits the backboard and drops into the net. sequence See page 158 in textbook. The sentence describes the order of moves for a basketball layup. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

Unit Five/ Chapter 28 Chapter Review Try to define each of the words from this chapter. The words will appear one at a time as you advance the slides. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

Unit Five/ Chapter 28 Chapter Review sophisticated ANSWER: Wise about the ways of the world; knowledgeable; experienced; well-informed The next slide shows the answer. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

Unit Five/ Chapter 28 Chapter Review sophisticated sequence disperse ANSWER: A conclusion reached through reasoning The next slide shows the answer. trivial deduction Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

Unit Five/ Chapter 28 Chapter Review sophisticated dimensions sequence disperse ANSWER: Measurements in width, length, and sometimes depth The next slide shows the answer. trivial deduction Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

Unit Five/ Chapter 28 Chapter Review sophisticated dimensions Measurements in width, length, and sometimes depth sequence disperse trivial deduction Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

Unit Five/ Chapter 28 Chapter Review sophisticated dimensions sequence treacherous disperse ANSWER: Disloyal; traitorous The next slide shows the answer. trivial deduction Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

Unit Five/ Chapter 28 Chapter Review sophisticated dimensions sequence treacherous disperse dominant ANSWER: Having or using the most control or influence; most powerful The next slide shows the answer. trivial deduction Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

Unit Five/ Chapter 28 Chapter Review sophisticated dimensions sequence treacherous disperse dominant Having or using the most control or influence; most powerful trivial deduction Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

Unit Five/ Chapter 28 Chapter Review sophisticated dimensions sequence treacherous disperse dominant ANSWER: To misrepresent; tell in an untrue or misleading way; twist The next slide shows the answer. trivial distort deduction Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

Unit Five/ Chapter 28 Chapter Review sophisticated dimensions sequence treacherous disperse dominant trivial distort To misrepresent; tell in an untrue or misleading way; twist deduction Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

Unit Five/ Chapter 28 Chapter Review sophisticated dimensions sequence treacherous disperse dominant ANSWER: A debate; an argument; discussion of an important issue with opposing views The next slide shows the answer. trivial distort controversy deduction Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

Unit Five/ Chapter 28 Chapter Review sophisticated dimensions sequence treacherous disperse dominant trivial distort controversy deduction A debate; an argument; discussion of an important issue with opposing views Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

Unit Five Chapter 28 controversy dominant deduction sequence dimensions sophisticated See page 156 in textbook. disperse treacherous trivial distort Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

BUILDING VOCABULARY SKILLS

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