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HISTORICAL CHANGES IN THE CONCEPT OF CHILDHOOD
PHILIPPE ARIES (1962)
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BEFORE 1600 A CHILD OF 5 BELONGED TO THE ADULT WORLD OF WORK, LEISURE AND SEX ARIES USED EVIDENCE FROM PAINTINGS
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1700-1800 CHILDREN STILL SEEN AS AN ECONOMIC ASSET
INDUSTRIALISATION NEEDED THEIR SKILLS TREATED WITH LITTLE OR NO AFFECTION
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1800-1900 CHILDRENS ECONOMIC ROLE LESS
RESTRICTIONS PLACED ON CHILD LABOUR COMPULSORY SCHOOLING FOR MIDDLE CLASSES
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MIDDLE CLASS CHILDREN SEEN AS INNOCENTS AND NEEDED PROTECTING WORKING CLASS CHILDREN SEEN AS CORRUPT AND WICKED AND NEEDED TO BE CONTROLLED
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CHILDREN BECAME ECONOMICALLY WORTHLESS BUT EMOTIONALLY PRICELESS CHILD CENTERED SOCIETY EMERGED REALITIES OF LIFE WERE HIDDEN FROM CHILDREN
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1950-PRESENT CHILDREN HAVE GROWING AWARENESS OF THEIR RIGHTS
MORE ACTIVE IN FAMILY LIFE SEEN AS AN ECONOMIC FORCE ‘PESTER POWER’
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Criticisms Ignores brutality in pre-industrial times.
Does not look at child abuse issue. Used paintings (reliable?). Pollack looked at diaries 16th -20th century and found childhood did exist.
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