1. Oneida Lake By: Don Maryanski

2. How was Oneida Formed? Formed from Lake Iroquois
Glaciers receded and damned St. Lawrence
As temp. increased St. Lawrence was able to flow out into ocean and Oneida formed in glacial depression

3. Physical properties
It is the largest lake by surface area (207 km2) completely bordered by N.Y.
Mean depth is 6.8m
Max depth 16.8m
20.9 miles long and 5.8 miles wide

4. More on Oneida Dimictic and eutrophic Isothermal in summer
Increasing population causing increased sediment and nutrient imput
Population near lake in 1900 was 413,000, today it is over 886,000
Exotic species causing changes in food web (zebra mussel)
8 exotic species in 1900, 18 today

5. Temperature profile

6. Phytoplankton Epilimnion Aulacosira Microcystis Small flagellates
Metalimnion
Mallanomous
Hypolimnion
acinastrum

7. Macrophytes Ceratophyllum Elodea Valisneria
No roots, dependant on water nutrients
Elodea
Grows in wide range of condition
Good habitat for aquatic animals
Valisneria
“eelgrass” or “tapegrass”
Sometimes forms underwater meadows

8. Zooplankton Cyclopoid and Calanoid Copepods
Cladocerans (Bosmina, Daphnia and Diaphanosoma)
Keratella
Polyarthra

9. Benthic invertebrates
Gastropods (snails)
Zebra mussel
Introduced
Filter algae from water and wake it more clear
Chironomidae
Non-biting midges

10. Exotic Species Zebra mussel Discovered in 1991
Caused loss of 3 native clam species

11. Water Chestnut
Can dramatically cover surface of water preventing little light from entering
Can also clog waterways

12. Purple loosestrife Displaces native wetland plants
Less suitable for wildlife than native plants

13. Round Goby
Consume zebra mussels but also eat fish eggs

14. Fishhook waterflea
Prey on zooplankton
Not edible by small fish