1. Scale: From Local to Global
“Think and act both global and local”

2. What are the different types of Scale?
1. Map Scale (the relationship of a feature’s size on a map to it’s actual size on earth)
Fraction (1/24,000)
Ratio (1:24,000)
Written (“1 inch equals 1 mile”)
Graphic = visual representation

3. 2. Spatial Scale= a geographer’s approach to place & space
Local Scale
Regional Scale
Formal (ex. Montana)
Functional (ex. Newspaper circulation)
Vernacular (ex. “the South”)
Global Scale
Globalization (ex. Bhutan)

4. Diversity Amid Globalization
Globalization: the increasing interconnectedness of people and places through the converging processes of economic, political, and cultural change
Converging Currents of Globalization
Global communications link world regions
Global transportation moves goods quickly
Transnational conglomerate corporations; international financial institutions more powerful than many countries
Global free-trade agreements
Market economies replace state-controlled economies
Globalized market for consumer goods (needed or not)
Globalization of workers, managers, executives

5. Globalization
The increasing interconnectedness of different parts of the world through common processes of economic, political, and cultural change. Economic globalization is happening fastest.
Discussion: How is globalization affecting you? Can you see it in your everyday life?
Panama, 1997

6. “The Last Place On Earth”
What are the tensions between Global and Local needs in Bhutan with the introduction of TV?
Taken from Front Line (Small World) – May 2002

9. Global Consumer Culture
May erode local diversity
Can cause social tensions between traditional cultures and new, external globalizing influences
Examples: clothing, food, movies, and more
Hybridization: sometimes occurs when forms of American popular culture spread abroad then are melded with local cultural traditions
world beat music, Japanese comic books, global rap, that are now found worldwide

10. Social Dimensions The Geopolitical Component
Globalization goes beyond national boundaries
United Nations provides representation to all countries
Global trade and cultural exchange are the product of international agreements
Environmental Concerns in search for resources
local ecosystems
Native peoples & traditions
climate change, air & water pollution, deforestation
Social Dimensions
Increased international migration
Criminal element to globalization
Terrorism
Drugs
Pornography and prostitution
Gambling

11. Drug Trade
The Global Drug Trade (Fig. 1.6)

12. Advocates and Critics of Globalization
The Pro-globalization Stance
Globalization is logical expression of capitalism
Removing trade barriers will increase efficiency, spread new technology and ideas
Free flow of capital will enhance global economic wealth
The world’s poorer countries will catch up through globalization
The Anti-globalization Stance
Today’s core, developed countries did not use globalization’s free-market economic model to foster their own development
Globalization creates greater inequalities
It promotes free-market, export-oriented economies, at the expense of local, indigenous economies
Spreads undesirable things (diseases, crime, harmful flora and fauna)

13. Globalization The “Mc-World effect”
What has allowed for the world to look like this?
Why does geography in the contemporary world matter?
What message is the cartoonist conveying/what can you infer from the cartoon?
What can you infer about transnational corporations from this cartoon?

14. Global Economic Inequity 1960-2000
(Fig. 1.9)
Inequity

15. Diversity in a Globalizing World
Will globalization bring a homogenous, culturally bland world?
The world is still a diverse place
Language, religion
Foods, architecture, urban form
Politics, economics
Ethnic and cultural differences are contributing to separatist political movements
Politics of diversity demands attention to worldwide tensions over terrorism, ethnic separateness, regional autonomy, political independence

16. Globalization
Have students read p. 23 & 24 of Russell Beck’s book…it can be located at the following website
McDonaldsization and “Glocalization” But “McDonald's To Beef Up In India With Meatless Menu”

17. Philosophical Chairs
It has been said that arguing against globalization is like arguing against the laws of gravity. Kofi Annan
Greed and globalization aren't just America's fault. Arlo Guthrie For when we talk about the spreading power and influence of globalization, aren't we really referring to the spreading economic and military might of the US? Fredric Jameson
Have students gather information using the resources provided before facilitating Philosophical Chairs. See folder titled “P. Chairs” under “Chapter 1 – Part 4”

18. Philosophical Chairs
I am not someone who believes we should build a fence around our country but I do believe there ought to be some fairness with respect to the rules of this globalization. Byron Dorgan
The negative side to globalization is that it wipes out entire economic systems and in doing so wipes out the accompanying culture. Peter L. Berger