1. Pengkayaan Materi: Guidelines, Principles, and Theories -> COLOR
Course : T0084 – Interaksi Manusia dan Komputer
Year : 2013
Pengkayaan Materi: Guidelines, Principles, and Theories -> COLOR

2. OUTLINE
Introduction
Strength and limitation
References

3. INTRODUCTION Color is a visual perception
Color can get user’s attention
Look and feel user interface

4. STRENGTH AND LIMITATION
Our vision is optimized to detect contrasts (edges), not absolute brightness.
Our ability to distinguish colors depends on how colors are presented.
Some people have color-blindness.
The user’s display and the viewing conditions affect color perception

5. VISION IS OPTIMIZED FOR EDGE CONTRAST, NOT BRIGHTNESS
our visual system much more sensitive to differences in color and brightness
The circles appear as different shades because their backgrounds are different, but they are the same.

6. ABILITY TO DISCRIMINATE COLORS DEPENDS ON HOW COLORS ARE PRESENTED
Paleness: The paler (less saturated) two colors are, the harder it is to tell them apart
Separation: The more separated color patches are, the more difficult it is to distinguish their colors, especially if the separation is great enough to require eye motion between patches
Color patch size: The smaller or thinner objects are, the harder it is to distinguish their colors

7. Example Bad Example: Good Example:
ITN.net (2003): Pale color marking current step makes it hard for users to see which step in the airline reservation process they are on.
Good Example:
ITN.net: The current step is highlighted in two ways: with color and shape.

8. Example Bad Example: Good Example:
Tiny color patches in this chart legend are hard to distinguish
Good Example:
Large color patches make it easier to distinguish the colors

9. Example Bad Example: Good Example:
MinneapolisFed.org: The difference in color between visited and unvisited links is too subtle.2
Good Example:
MinneapolisFed.org: Graph uses color differences visible to all sighted people, on any display.

10. COLOR-BLINDNESS
Having color-blindness doesn’t mean an inability to see colors.
It just means that one or more of the color subtraction channels don’t function normally, making it difficult to distinguish certain pairs of colors
Red/green color-blind people can’t distinguish:
dark red from black,
blue from purple,
light green from white.

11. Bad Example
MoneyDance: Graph uses colors some users can’t distinguish.

12. EXTERNAL FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE THE ABILITY TO DISTINGUISH COLORS
Variation among color displays
Grayscale displays
Display angle
Ambient illumination

13. Supporting Material
Johnson J. (2010), Designing with the Mind in Mind, Morgan Kaufmann, USA, chapter 5