1. Determining Stirrup Placement
For an AFO Without Tibial Torsion

2. Determining Stirrup Placement Without Tibial Torsion
For this demonstration a Left AFO is being fabricated
Draw a line across the width of the paper 3” from the bottom (baseline)
Left AFO
LATERAL
MEDIAL

3. Determining Stirrup Placement Without Tibial Torsion
Locate the toe-in / toe-out measurement on the orthometry form
If placing on a (L) shoe establish a toe-in/toe-out line on the right side of the baseline. Reverse this if placing on a (R) shoe. Extend the line below the baseline
Toe-Out
Toe-In
Left AFO
LATERAL
MEDIAL

4. Determining Stirrup Placement Without Tibial Torsion
Find the mid-point between the top lace section and the back of the heel on the medial side
Drop this mark perpendicularly and mark the sole at that point
Left AFO
LATERAL
MEDIAL
1/2
1/2

5. Determining Stirrup Placement Without Tibial Torsion
Place the shoe on the diagram so that:
the medial border is on the toe-in/toe-out line
the mark on the medial sole edge is on the baseline
Mark the lateral sole edge where the baseline intersects
Toe-Out
Toe-In
Left AFO
LATERAL
MEDIAL
lateral sole edge mark
medial sole edge mark

6. Determining Stirrup Placement Without Tibial Torsion
Remove the shoe from the diagram and turn it over so that the sole faces you
Transfer the marks on the sides of the sole to the bottom of the sole
Connect the marks with a light straight line
Left AFO
LATERAL
MEDIAL

7. Determining Stirrup Placement Without Tibial Torsion
Measure back 3/8” and draw a second heavier line
The back edge of the stirrup will be lined up on this line
Left AFO
LATERAL
MEDIAL
3/8”

8. Determining Stirrup Placement Without Tibial Torsion
Place the stirrup on the shoe so that the posterior edge of the stirrup is on the positioning line
Trace the outline of the stirrup on the sole
Determine where the holes in the tongue are to be drilled, mark and center punch them
Left AFO
LATERAL
MEDIAL

9. Determining Stirrup Placement Without Tibial Torsion
Bend the tongue of the stirrup to conform to the curve of the sole leaving a clearance of 3/16" to 1/8" at the anterior most point
1/8”-3/16”

10. Determining Stirrup Placement Without Tibial Torsion
Bend the tongue of the stirrup to conform to the curve of the sole leaving a clearance of 3/16" to 1/8" at the anterior most point. This is done to insure that the stirrup upright will be vertical after the heel is reattached
Drill all holes in the stirrup using an appropriately-sized drill for a #8 rivet
1/8”-3/16”

11. Determining Stirrup Placement Without Tibial Torsion
Bend the tongue of the stirrup to conform to the curve of the sole leaving a clearance of 3/16" to 1/8" at the anterior most point
Drill all holes in the stirrup using an appropriately-sized drill for a #8 rivet
Countersink all holes on bottom of the stirrup

12. Determining Stirrup Placement Without Tibial Torsion
Place the stirrup back on the shoe and mark the locations of the holes on the sole
Drill one 3/16” hole in the sole and place a rivet through this hole from the inside out to position the stirrup
Drill the remaining holes using the stirrup as a guide placing a rivet through each hole after drilling

13. Determining Stirrup Placement Without Tibial Torsion
You are now ready to rivet the stirrup to the shoe