1. The Arrival of the Age of LNG
Andrei V. Belyi
University of Eastern Finland

2. Towards diversified gas trading options
Gas chain: virtual trade and physical flows
Volumes: large pipelines/ LNG, and small pipelines/ LNG
Contacts: Bilateral long-term, forward and spot
Access to pipelines, capacity markets

3. Global market trends

4. Evolution of costs

5. LNG: towards a new Energy Product
Liquefaction to regasification process involving only maritime transport in between
Direct LNG demand in maritime and road transport
Development of bunkering and decentralised supplies
LNG as a proper fuel

6. Multiple function of LNG supplies

7. LNG Containers: future way of energy transport?
From 20 to 40ft
From 52 to 110 days of refrigeration
From $ 10 to $5 MBTU of operational costs
No need of regasification/pipelines

8. Containers: Illustrative examples
Towards rail and road transport of LNG fuel,
Storability is still limited, hence can not be considered
To be a normal commodoty (see WTO Secrt interpretation)

9. Infrastructures, LNG and International Governance
Energy Charter Treaty (1994) and Definition of EMP
Fixed infrastructures: main scope for transit but some controversies existed
Dispute settlement and Concept of Energy Carriage
LNG as maritime transport as part of Law of the Sea (1982), not ECT

10. Interests for Turkmenistan
Export small LNG volumes across Caspian
Supply LNG to Pakistan via roads
New domestic solutions: gas flaring abatment
Swaps with Russia and Iran