1. Vacuum-deposited fluoropolymer films for organic electronics K
Vacuum-deposited fluoropolymer films for organic electronics K. Grytsenko

2. Polytetrafluoroethylene: Unique combination of properties
Low: surface energy, water permeation, dielectric constant and coefficient of friction
High: thermal and chemical stability, biocompatibility,
transparence and flexibility in the thin film form
PTFE already is used as barrier and protective layer for various devices
PTFE is not soluble. To deposit PTFE coating, the gas phase deposition or modification of the its chemical structure for solubility is necessary.

3. Some of the modified fluoropolymers
Fluorinated ethylene-propylene
Polyvinilidene fluoride
based on perfluorinated benzene
high refractive index 1,6
Cytop
Teflon AF
Film deposition is possible from gas phase and solution

4. Buffer layer in OLED Highest luminance at 2.0 nm thickness
OLED with 2.0 nm PTFE layer showed 400 % improvement of luminance.
(2254 cd/m2, while without PTFE cd/m2).
Poly?TFE film? controls hole-injection, electron blocking and recombination rate
H.F. Wang, L.D. Wang, Z.X. Wu, D.Q. Zhang, J. Qiao, and Y. Qiuarate, “Efficient single-active-layer organic light-emitting diodes with fluoropolymer buffer layers”, Appl. Phys. Lett., 88, , 2006.
Y.H. Lee, W.J. Kim, T.Y. Kim and J.W. Hong, “PTFE for hole-Injection layer in OLEDs”, J. Korean Phys. Soc., 51,3, 2007,

5. Dielectric layer in OFET
In one OFET the CuPc was used as semiconductor layer. Field-effect electron mobility was 10-6 cm2/ (V *s), and on/off current ratio was 500. The operating area could be controlled by the preparation technology.
Y. Qiu, Y. Hu, G. Dong, L. Wang & Y. Gao, Preparation of organic thin-film field effect transistor, Chinese Sci. Bulletin 47,18, 2002,
Another OFET used Pentacene semiconductor. Threshold voltage (TV) was adjusted using design similar to dual-gate structure with insulating 1.7 μm thick Teflon electret layer as the second gate. TV of pentacene bottom gate OFET was shifted from to −2.3 V. This tuning of TV compensated main drawback and switched from depletion to enhancement-type transistor behavior.
M. Scharnberg, V. Zaporojtchenko, R. Adelung, F. Faupel, C. Pannemann, T. Diekmann, and U. Hilleringmann, “Tuning the threshold voltage of organic field-effect transistors by electret encapsulating layer”, Appl. Phys. Lett., 90, 2007,

6. Waveguide for surface plasmon sensing
by Sputtering
Deposited by spin coating
V. Karre, Direct electron beam patterning of Teflon AF and its application to optical waveguiding, Ms.Thesis, 2009, Univ. of Kentucky; M. Sultan, Ms.Thesis, 2015
Waveguide with spacing of 20 nm was produced using PFCB-polymers with optical property tailoring. Low on-chip losses of 6 dB. Low thermal sensitivity, with central wavelength shift of nm/ C. By spin coating.
J.Jiang, C.L.Callender, C.Blanchetière, J.P.Noad, S.Chen, J.Ballato and D. W. Smith, ”Arrayed Waveguide Gratings Based on Perfluorocyclobutane Polymers for CWDM Applications”, IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 18,2, 2006,

7. PTFE protective layer
in OFET: Pentacene layer was encapsulated with 1.5 μm thick layer of PTFE and stored for 4 months in lab. conditions. Compared to unprotected sample, the rate of degradation was strongly reduced. A positive threshold voltage shift occurred, indicating , that humidity can be excluded as the degradation factor. Oxygen may diffused through PTFE layer.
C. Panemann, T. Diekmann, U. Hilleringmann, U. Schürmann, M. Scharnberg, V. Zaporozhchenko, R. Adelung, F. Faupel, ”PTFE encapsulation for pentacene based organic thin film transistors”, Materials Sci.-Poland, 25(1):94-101  2007.
in OLED: Along with Parylene, the PFP are used in organic-inorganic multilayered encapsulations developed by GVD, Selvac etc.
C. Tulkoff & C. Hillman, Understanding Nanocoating Technology, ESTC May 2013 Las Vegas

8. Carbon Nanotube Forest was coated by sputtering of PTFE
Color sensor for hydrogen: consists of transparent polymer substrate, 500 nm thick layer of porous tungsten oxide, semitransparent 3 nm layer of palladium, and 100 nm layer of PTFE, which protects the catalyst from poisoning by atmospheric pollutants.
Carbon Nanotube Forest was coated by sputtering of PTFE
T. Barfels, Institut für Oberflächen und Dünnschichtechnik, ”Carbon Nano-Tubes and Nano-Diamonds in applied research”, Cross beam workshop Zeiss, Dez. 2013, p.29.
by Hot filament CVD
Hydrophobicity for CNF was achieved down to the microscopic level, where micrometer-sized water droplets were suspended on top of the nanotube forest.
Amaratunga, W. I. Milne, G. H. McKinley and K. K. Gleason, ”Superhydrophobic Carbon Nanotube Forests”, Nano Lett., 2003, 3,12,

9. Deposition technology controls roughness, hardness and wettness of PTFE on plastic nano-relief
RMS1 mn
Polycarbonate surface of stamped DVD covered with:
1- bare disc; 2- Au than PTFE, no RF; 3- PTFE with RF;
4- PTFE no RF (no wetting); 5 –PolyParaXylylene-N.

10. Control of refractive index of PTFE film
1, ,42
control by technology n
up to 1,6
Fluorostyrene
K. Grytsenko, P.Lytvyn, J.Friedrich, R.D.Schulze, S.Schrader, “ Influence of plasma discharge on the structure of PTFE film and step coverage on polymer substrate ”, Materials Sci. Engineering C, 27 (2007)

11. Aligning: various oriented films were grown on FT PTFE sublayer
Dicroic SQ film, grown on ER and rubbed with cloth PTFE layer, much more smooth, than on FT PTFE.
No visible dye crystal orientation – orientation was on molecular level
K. Gritsenko, D.Grinko, O.Dimitriev, S.Schrader, A.Thierry, J.C.Wittmann , "Oriented growth of squaraine dyes on uniaxially aligned PTFE surfaces", Optical Memory Neural Networks, 3, 2004, 135.
FT PTFE aligning layer in OFET: field-effect mobility of pentacene along molecular columns (transverse of the friction direction) was 4.2x10-1 cm2 /Vs, 100 times higher than along friction direction

12. PTFE as the matrix for metal NPs
During film growth NPs size became larger to certain size with film thickness increase. NPs also larger with gold concentration increase
HR TEM
Thales France
Various plasmonic applications. Good substrate for SERS
Rhodamine 6G
K. Gritsenko, A. Capobianchi, A. Convertino, J. Friedrich, R.D. Schulze, V. Ksensov, S. Schrader, “Polymer-metal composite thin film prepared by co-evaporation in vacuum”, In book: “Polymer surface modification and polymer coatings by dry process technologies” 2005: p , Ed. S. Iwamori ( Research Signpost).

13. Au NPs modified with thiol in PTFE used as optical sensor for various vapors
Calculated swelling of the film due to acetone absorption
by Dr. A. Convertino, ISNM, Rome
Change of film reflectance after 20 min exposure in pentane vapor

14. PTFE as the matrix for dye molecules
B - buthyl
No dye aggregation in PTFE at even high concentration

15. Heating of SQ-filled polymer films in air
Polyparaphenylene Sulphide matrix not prevented SQ aggregation, while in PTFE no aggregation up to 220 0C. SQ decomposition products are kept in PTFE matrix.

16. Optical changes of dye in polymer in various aggressive vapors
Only one dye in PTFE matrix showed optical changes;
while in Polyparaphenylene Sulphide matrix – all dyes tested
All PTFE films filled with both dyes and inorganic NPs changed! absorption and luminescence spectra in all vapors
Perhaps Metal NPs works as adsorption sites, promoting vapor permeation inside PTFE film
Measured:
Dr. H. Detert, Uni-Mainz
K. Grytsenko, S. Schrader, H. Detert, “Ultra-stable dye-filled PTFE thin films“, Nanosci. & Technol. 2014, 1(2) 1-5.

17. Photochromic dye in PTFE film
Kinetics of spontaneous bleaching (a) and photodegradation (b) at 25 C of Spiropyran in: PMMA 1- 0,1% weight; 2- 25% weight; 3- in PTFE 10% weight
Compounds and measurements : Moscow Photochemistry Center
K. Grytsenko, V.F.Machulin, A.O.Ait, A.M.Gorelik, O.I.Kobeleva, T.M.Valova, V.A.Barachevsky, “Photochromic films prepared by vacuum сo-deposition of polymer and spiropyrans“, Optical Memory & Neural Networks, 19, 3 (2010) 254–259.

18. Unconventional properties of dyes in PTFE matrix
- No aggreagtion during heating
Extremal stability toward action of all environment factors: air, light, temperature, solvent vapors
Not clear, Why !
Such the stable films should be used in industry

19. Fluoropolymer film deposition in vacuo is compatible with dye and inorganic film deposition technology
Energy action necessary to produce active gaseous species for secondary polymerisation on the substrate:
- Plasma polymerization of fluorinated gas
- Magnetron, electron, ion, laser beam sputtering of fluoropolymer target
- Thermal decomposition of fluoropolymer in vacuum
Hot filament CVD
- Combination of the two above mentioned methods
K.P. Gritsenko, A.M. Krasovsky, "Thin film deposition of polymers by vacuum degradation", Chemical Reviews, 103, 9, 2003, p

20. Thank u for your attention
Remarks
Dye chemical structure should be modified with end group for condensation of smooth film or self-organized nanostructures on PTFE or another plastic substrate
I have database about applications of PTFE films
Analyst service proposed
More information at my web page:
Pls no verbal questions now due to I am almost deaf
Thank u for your attention